废旧电路板的组成与解离特性研究

废旧印刷电路板是电子废弃物的重要组成部分,含有大量金属、玻璃纤维增强树脂、塑料等有回收利用价值的组分,但处理不当会产生严重污染。在分析中,对细碎到粒度为5mm以下的废旧电路板物料中有价资源的赋存状态和解离特性进行了系统的研究,发现金属与非金属的基本解离粒度为1 2mm,解离度为55. 51%;塑料与其他金属(除铜、铁外)是0. 5mm以上废旧电路板物料中的主要组分,树脂与铜是0 .5mm以下物料中的主要组分;物料中平均金属含量为23. 80%,平均铜含量为5. 78%。     

高峰矿提升机用钢丝绳无损检测方法的研究

介绍了利用漏磁场原理检测钢丝绳断丝 ,磁桥回路测量钢丝绳磨损信号 ,并实现在一个传感器中对上述多种缺陷的综合检测。在信号处理方面 ,结合不同信号特征 ,设计了相应的电路和处理软件 ,实现了缺陷的定量检测     

浪涌防护设计思路与常见防护电路

浪涌冲击是电子产品的常见问题之一,它经常造成产品损坏。浪涌防护一直以来是令电子产品设计者头痛的问题。本文从原理上,介绍几种浪涌防护设计的思路与方法,并结合具体案例与电路原理图,进行深层剖析,以期能提供借鉴作用。     

基于微生物法回收PCB中金属的研究进展

文章概述了微生物法回收印刷线路板中金属的研究进展,包括常用的菌种、浸出机理、影响因素等内容,阐述了微生物法回收印刷线路板中铜等普通金属的国内外研究现状,重点讨论了微生物法回收具有较高经济价值的稀贵金属的研究现状,并对微生物法回收金属的研究方向和前景做了展望。     

Synthesizing habitat connectivity analyses of a globally important human-dominated tiger-conservation landscape

As ecological data and associated analyses become more widely available, synthesizing results for effective communication with stakeholders is essential. In the case of wildlife corridors, managers in human-dominated landscapes need to identify both the locations of corridors and multiple stakeholders for effective oversight. We synthesized five independent studies of tiger (Panthera tigris) connectivity in central India, a global priority landscape for tiger conservation, to quantify agreement on landscape permeability for tiger movement and potential movement pathways. We used the latter analysis to identify connectivity areas on which studies agreed and stakeholders associated with these areas to determine relevant participants in corridor management. Three or more of the five studies’ resistance layers agreed in 63% of the study area. Areas in which all studies agree on resistance were of primarily low (66%, e.g., forest) and high (24%, e.g., urban) resistance. Agreement was lower in intermediate resistance areas (e.g., agriculture). Despite these differences, the studies largely agreed on areas with high levels of potential movement: >40% of high average (top 20%) current-flow pixels were also in the top 20% of current-flow agreement pixels (measured by low variation), indicating consensus connectivity areas (CCAs) as conservation priorities. Roughly 70% of the CCAs fell within village administrative boundaries, and 100% overlapped forest department management boundaries, suggesting that people live and use forests within these priority areas. Over 16% of total CCAs’ area was within 1 km of linear infrastructure (437 road, 170 railway, 179 transmission line, and 339 canal crossings; 105 mines within 1 km of CCAs). In 2019, 78% of forest land diversions for infrastructure and mining in Madhya Pradesh (which comprises most of the study region) took place in districts with CCAs. Acute competition for land in this landscape with globally important wildlife corridors calls for an effective comanagement strategy involving local communities, forest departments, and infrastructure planners.     

曝气生物流化床反应器深度处理印刷电路板废水脱氮效能研究

印刷电路板生产废水成分复杂,处理难度大。其中,深度脱氮是该类废水处理的难点。本文应用曝气生物流化床反应器处理印刷电路板废水,研究反应器的脱氮效能,分析反应器中p H值的变化对脱氮效果的影响。     

碱性蚀刻废液处理方式的比较研究

碱性蚀刻废液是一种铜含量高、废液浓度较高的工业废水,对其回收利用具有较高的经济价值和环境效益。简要介绍、比较分析了碱性蚀刻废液实用的两种处理方式。在线方式可实现碱性蚀刻液再生和金属铜的回收,而线外方式可回收多种铜盐。从资源循环、环境效益角度分析,在线方式将具有广阔的应用前景。     

机载电子设备印制电路板环境适应性研究

目的考察机载电子设备印制电路板在西沙环境下的环境适应性。方法开展西沙海洋环境下2种印制电路板的棚下暴露实验,暴晒实验时间为3年,分别通过外观、绝缘电阻、耐压性、品质因数研究其老化特点。结果两类印制电路板样品的绝缘电阻和品质因数呈总体下降趋势,PCB2的绝缘电阻下降相对较小,PCB1样本耐电压测试出现击穿并有明显的腐蚀情况。结论 PCB2工艺体系的环境适应性能好于PCB1,在机载电子设备印制电路板选用过程中推荐优先。     

断路器欠压脱扣器抗冲击设计

主要应用于舰船等有冲击场合的断路器，其抗冲击性能要求很高。介绍了断路器欠压脱扣器在抗冲击方面的设计方法，此方法可以有效地削弱冲击力对欠压脱扣器的影响。     

废电路板非金属材料再生木塑产品环境安全性评价

为了评价废电路板非金属材料再生产品使用过程中的环境安全性问题,本文针对非金属材料再生产品的特性,参考相关评价标准,结合目前现有的环境危害评价方法和人体健康风险评价,构建了再生产品在使用过程中环境安全性评价模型.收集A、B两种再生木塑产品进行评价试验,评估其对环境和人体健康的潜在风险和危害.结果显示在不考虑水体稀释作用情况下,两种再生木塑产品对I类地表水均存在极度或重度污染的可能,对于其他类地表水环境风险较小,应避免在源头水等区域使用;对于地下水,产品B污染指数大于1,具有一定的环境风险;但是考虑在稀释情况下（5%）,两种再生产品对于地下水的污染指数均小于1;两种再生木塑产品的非致癌风险指数分别为0.03和0.41,均小于1,对人体健康的危害作用不明显.本文可为非金属材料再生木塑产品环境安全性管理提供评价标准和参考,有利于促进废弃电器电子产品资源化和无害化技术的发展．