The effect of consumption of pork enriched by organic selenium on selenium status and lipid profile in blood serum of consumers

Abstract

The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of consumption of selenium-enriched pork on selected health indicators of probands. The intake of feed mixture with increased organic selenium at the dose of 0.3?mg.kg^?1 probably increases selenium concentration in MSM (musculus semimembranosus). In the pork enriched with organic selenium, the concentration was higher by 1.045?±?0.10?mg.kg^?1 compared with the control group 0.701?±?0.05?mg.kg^?1 at significance P?<?0.001. Sixteen participants in the experiment were represented by 8 men at the average age of 41.5?±?11.9?years and 8 women at the average age of 41.4?±?7.9?years. All the probands consumed meat enriched with selenium three times a week during one month. By consumption of the enriched pork, there was an increase of the selenium concentration in blood serum of probands traced with selenium increase from 73.19?±?15.68?μg.L^?1 to 73.73?±?15.13?μg.L^?1 (P?>?0.05). From the results we can see that consumption of enriched pork with selenium was significantly manifested in lowering of total cholesterol levels, which was associated with LDL cholesterol lowering (P?<?0.05). Differences among the HDL cholesterol and triglycerides samples were not significant.     

醌类图谱分析在环境微生物生态测定中的应用

近年来，随着人们对各种非培养微生物测定法的重视，醌类图谱分析作为微生物群体指标已在各种环境中得到了应用．首先是样品的分析测定技术得到了提高，如用硅胶柱代替薄层色谱．醌类图谱分析的特点是能够同时对应微生物生态评价的3个重要指标，即微生物群体结构、生物量及微生物多样性．在结合统计分析的基础上，在土壤、污泥及堆肥等不同环境样品及不同微生物反应过程中，已通过醌类图谱分析对这3个指标在微生物生态系中的变动进行了成功的评价．另外，对C-14同位素标记醌类图谱分析法及醌类图谱分析法在污染物降解中的应用等最新进展也进行了简介．图4表3参43     

不同含盐量土壤可溶性无机碳及盐基离子的剖面分布特征

为了探究干旱区盐碱土壤可溶性无机碳的动态分布特征,选取内蒙古河套灌区7种不同电导率土壤的0—100 cm剖面,采用临近样地,随机布点的方法,研究该地区土壤可溶性无机碳和盐基离子的剖面分布规律。结果表明:土壤含盐量对可溶性无机碳含量及盐基离子含量具有重要影响,不同含盐量土壤(S_1-S_7)的可溶性无机碳平均含量随电导率的增加而逐渐降低;随土壤深度的加深呈先减小后增加,表现为浅层0—50 cm含量少,深层50-100 cm含量聚积;可溶性无机碳储量随电导率的增加而逐渐降低。不同含盐量土壤(S_1—S_7)盐基离子含量随电导率的增加而增加;随土壤深度的加深盐基离子含量逐渐减少,具有较强的表聚性。研究区域土壤盐基离子组成以Ca~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)为主,平均含量分别占离子总量的27%和29%;K~+、Mg~(2+)含量较少,平均含量分别占离子总量的13%和7%。通过相关性分析,土壤可溶性无机碳含量与EC呈显著负相关(R~2=0.83,p0.05),与pH无显著相关性(R~2=0.17,p0.05),盐基离子平均含量与EC呈显著正相关(R~2=0.85,p0.05),与pH无显著相关性(R~2=0.07,p0.05),表明土壤EC的增加会影响可溶性无机碳和盐基离子的聚积。     

多遥感设备联用在区域空气质量变化与边界层结构关系研究中的应用

为研究佛山地区空气质量变化与边界层结构的关系,2015年10-12月在佛山地区3个站点同步开展了多台风廓线雷达、激光雷达、微波辐射计联用的大气边界层结构观测实验.结果表明:风廓线雷达探测可获得平均风场垂直分布的连续变化,发现佛山地区风场垂直分层结构明显,空气污染与近地小风层厚度的相关性较强.激光雷达探测可获得颗粒物消光特性垂直分布的连续变化,发现佛山地区颗粒物消光特性与大气边界层结构有密切关系,空气质量指数(AQI)变化与颗粒物激光雷达探测反演的边界层高度相关性较高,相关系数为-0.58.微波辐射计探测可获得平均温度、相对湿度垂直分布的连续变化,逆温和相对湿度变化对边界层日变化及空气污染成因分析有较高的价值.通过多设备联合探测,可同时获得研究地区平均风场垂直分布特征、颗粒物浓度变化特征、逆温和相对湿度的变化特征.多设备联合探测,有利于区域空气质量变化与边界层结构关系机理研究,对区域空气质量变化的预测预报有重要作用.     

道路交通扬尘排放因子测量系统研发及应用

道路交通扬尘排放是城市大气环境颗粒物(PM_(10)和PM_(2.5))的主要来源之一,对其排放测量研究是进行排放清单建立、环境影响分析和制定控制方案的依据.本研究设计了一种道路交通扬尘排放因子测量系统,通过测量行驶中车辆尾羽不同位置的颗粒物浓度,应用浓度剖面积分的方法计算单车行驶过程中扬尘PM_(10)排放量.在北京市典型道路测量了小汽车和大客车在不同车速下的交通扬尘颗粒物排放因子,结果显示,车辆尾羽的颗粒物浓度特征呈明显的"层状"分布,距离路面越近浓度越高,在车辆行驶方向中心浓度最高,向两侧浓度逐渐降低,车速越快浓度越高.在试验车速范围内,排放因子与车速呈幂函数关系,幂指数为2.7~2.8.排放因子与积尘负荷呈幂函数关系,幂指数为0.85.不同路段或同一路段的不同区域排放因子空间变异性较大,应用排放因子测量系统进行实测的结果更加准确可靠.     

陕西不同区域接地逆温特征分析

根据近年开展污染气象观测整理计算的33个项目54期有关边界层小球测风和低探观测资料,分析了陕西省冬季和夏季接地逆温强度及厚度区域分布特征,不同区域接地逆温最大厚度出现时风速廓线和温度廓线特征。分析表明:陕西省接地逆温以西安、咸阳和宝鸡等大城市周围,工业区以及陕北长城沿线荒漠区最为强盛,太白山区及秦巴山区最弱,山区、丘陵地带弱于平原地区,冬季强于夏季;接地逆温最大厚度出现时,地面风速较小,大气层接稳定,陕北长城沿线荒漠区大气水平扩散能力较强,陕南山区次之,关中城市工业区最弱。     

Turbulent velocity profile in fully-developed open channel flows

The determination of velocity profile in turbulent narrow open channels is a difficult task due to the significant effects of the anisotropic turbulence that involve the Prandtl’s second type of secondary flow occurring in the cross section. With these currents the maximum velocity appears below the free surface that is called dip phenomenon. The well-known logarithmic law describes the velocity distribution in the inner region of the turbulent boundary layer but it is not adapted to define the velocity profile in the outer region of narrow channels. This paper relies on an analysis of the Navier–Stokes equations and yields a new formulation of the vertical velocity profile in the center region of steady, fully developed turbulent flows in open channels. This formulation is able to predict time averaged primary velocity in the outer region of the turbulent boundary layer for both narrow and wide open channels. The proposed law is based on the knowledge of the aspect ratio and involves a parameter C_Ar depending on the position of the maximum velocity (ξ_dip). ξ_dip may be derived, either from measurements or from an empirical equation given in this paper. A wide range of longitudinal velocity profile data for narrow open channels has been used for validating the model. The agreement between the measured and the computed velocities is rather good, despite the simplification used.     

基于飞行剖面的航空器试飞活动空管风险研究

为明确空中交通管理风险对航空器适航试飞活动不安全事件的影响,首先,依据航空器试飞科目绘制相应飞行剖面;其次,基于试飞活动飞行剖面,分析管制单位试飞保障流程,提取管制运行风险对试飞活动的影响因素;采用事故树分析法(FTA)分析事故发展过程,将事件和逻辑关系映射至贝叶斯网络(BN),依据国内外民航空管不安全事件分类统计结果...     

Vertical Profile of Acid Volatile Sulfide (AVS) and Risk Assessment of Sediments from Baihua Lake,China

Acid volatile sulfide (AVS), simultaneously extracted metals (SEMs), and total concentrations of trace elements (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, Hg, As, and Cr) were studied in sediment cores from Baihua Lake in southwest China. The molar ratios of SEMs to AVS for all samples were lower than 1.0 except for the 25- to 30-cm layer of the sample collected at location YPZ, indicating that the heavy metals were currently not significantly bioavailable as a whole to benthic organisms. Based on the sediment quality guidelines and the potential ecological risk assessment, Hg presented a high ecological risk for the water body.     

Effects of cold press operating conditions on vegetable oil fatty acid profiles

Although most of jet fuels are currently made from petroleum, nonfood oilseeds such as flax and canola seeds may be an alternative for renewable jet fuel production in the near future. Vegetable oils produced from those oilseeds can be upgraded to liquid hydrocarbons to produce renewable jet fuels. The production efficiency and cost are heavily relied on the vegetable oil fatty acid profile (FAP). Previous research indicated that vegetable oil FAP is affected by oilseed species and oil extraction conditions. Cold press oil extractions from flax and canola seeds were conducted. The effect of the frequency controlling the screw rotating speed on the oil extraction efficiency and quality was discussed. Characterization of the vegetable oils produced, including density, pH value, viscosity, moisture, element component, heating value and FAP, was carried out. The residual oil contents left in the cold press meals were also determined. The results show that the oil extraction efficiency of oilseeds increased when the frequency decreased. For flax and canola seeds, their highest oil extraction efficiency was the same (81.0%), which was both obtained at 15 Hz. The cold press frequency had a minor influence on the FAPs of flax oils. However, the FAPs of canola oils produced at 15 Hz were different from those produced at 20 Hz and 25 Hz to some extent. The main fatty acid in flax and canola oils was linolenic acid and erucic acid, respectively.