基于神经网络的矮塔斜拉桥近断层地震响应参数敏感性分析*

为研究近断层地震动对矮塔斜拉桥地震响应参数敏感性的影响,提出基于BP神经网络配合有限元分析的参数敏感性分析方法（FBSA法）,以某铁路矮塔斜拉桥为研究对象,进行参数化有限元建模,运用BP神经网络计算近断层地震动作用下矮塔斜拉桥响应以及自振频率对各参数的敏感性系数,分析近断层脉冲地震动对地震响应敏感性的影响规律。研究结果表明:FBSA法可快速、精确地完成敏感性分析,为抗震设计与优化提供更全面的参考;矮塔斜拉桥几何布置和截面尺寸对振型刚度影响较大;近断层脉冲地震动作用下,桥梁位移和内力响应明显增大,各设计参数对桥塔位移、桥墩位移和内力以及主梁横向位移和弯矩的参数敏感性具有显著影响,对主塔内力和主梁竖向位移参数敏感性的影响不明显。     

脉冲参数对CFST拱桥地震反应的影响

为了研究近断层脉冲型地震作用下速度脉冲参数对大跨度CFST（钢管混凝土）拱桥地震反应的影响,基于有限元方法,以1座铁路CFST拱桥为工程背景,提出以脉冲参数对拱肋及桥墩地震反应非线性分析方法。研究结果表明:对于大跨度CFST拱桥,三向罕遇地震作用下,拱肋处于弹性状态,桥墩可能屈服,脉冲参数对CFST拱桥地震反应影响显著;同等PGA（峰值加速度）下,脉冲幅值越大,个数越多,脉冲成分对拱肋及墩地震反应贡献率越大,墩的损伤越严重;脉冲周期0~8 s内,中长周期（2~6 s）脉冲成分对拱肋及墩地震反应贡献率和墩的损伤影响较大,脉冲周期4 s时拱桥地震反应最大。     

脉冲放电汽车尾气净化新技术研究及产品开发

本文根据气相反应动力学理论把脉冲放电活化技术应用于汽车尾气的处理，并研制出一种适用于各类汽油车辆尾气净化的脉冲放电汽车尾气净化器。     

应用气箱脉冲袋除尘器净化铝电解含氟烟气的实践与研究

介绍了改进型气箱脉冲袋除尘器在铝电解烟气净化工程上的成功应用，实践结果表明，在保证净化效果的前提下，采用改进型气箱脉冲袋除尘器作为净化设备，可使其一次投资、能耗、年维修费与其他型式布袋除尘器相比均有所降低，为铝电解烟气净化工程扩大了除尘器的选择范围。     

Evaluation of Vehicle-Based Crash Severity Metrics

Objective: Vehicle change in velocity (delta-v) is a widely used crash severity metric used to estimate occupant injury risk. Despite its widespread use, delta-v has several limitations. Of most concern, delta-v is a vehicle-based metric which does not consider the crash pulse or the performance of occupant restraints, e.g. seatbelts and airbags. Such criticisms have prompted the search for alternative impact severity metrics based upon vehicle kinematics. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of the occupant impact velocity (OIV), acceleration severity index (ASI), vehicle pulse index (VPI), and maximum delta-v (delta-v) to predict serious injury in real world crashes.

Methods: The study was based on the analysis of event data recorders (EDRs) downloaded from the National Automotive Sampling System / Crashworthiness Data System (NASS-CDS) 2000–2013 cases. All vehicles in the sample were GM passenger cars and light trucks involved in a frontal collision. Rollover crashes were excluded. Vehicles were restricted to single-event crashes that caused an airbag deployment. All EDR data were checked for a successful, completed recording of the event and that the crash pulse was complete. The maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS) was used to describe occupant injury outcome. Drivers were categorized into either non-seriously injured group (MAIS2?) or seriously injured group (MAIS3+), based on the severity of any injuries to the thorax, abdomen, and spine. ASI and OIV were calculated according to the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware. VPI was calculated according to ISO/TR 12353-3, with vehicle-specific parameters determined from U.S. New Car Assessment Program crash tests. Using binary logistic regression, the cumulative probability of injury risk was determined for each metric and assessed for statistical significance, goodness-of-fit, and prediction accuracy.

Results: The dataset included 102,744 vehicles. A Wald chi-square test showed each vehicle-based crash severity metric estimate to be a significant predictor in the model (p < 0.05). For the belted drivers, both OIV and VPI were significantly better predictors of serious injury than delta-v (p < 0.05). For the unbelted drivers, there was no statistically significant difference between delta-v, OIV, VPI, and ASI.

Conclusions: The broad findings of this study suggest it is feasible to improve injury prediction if we consider adding restraint performance to classic measures, e.g. delta-v. Applications, such as advanced automatic crash notification, should consider the use of different metrics for belted versus unbelted occupants.     

雷电电磁脉冲对便携计算机终端的损伤分析

目的使用电磁仿真软件XFDTD,研究雷电磁脉冲(LEMP)对便携计算机的电磁危害。方法给出腔体内部采样点处的电场时域波形图和截面的电场分布图,计算腔体内不同位置处的屏蔽效能和瞬时坡印廷矢量的大小,分析雷电电磁脉冲与腔体正面孔阵和侧面孔洞的耦合以及孔洞的互耦合。结果雷电电磁脉冲会与入射正面和侧面上的小孔发生不同程度的耦合。雷电电磁脉冲对腔体内部的电磁危害很小,电磁能量主要被限制在开孔附近,腔体中心处受到的影响最小。开孔面积越大,耦合进的电磁能量越多。相邻孔洞之间的互耦合效应使得腔体的屏蔽性变差。结论雷电电磁脉冲对便携计算机的危害一般很小。     

Magnetic pulse welding: Interface of Al/Cu joint and investigation of intermetallic formation effect on the weld features

This paper attempts to highlight emerging issues when joining dissimilar metal pairs by magnetic pulse welding. For this purpose, joint of Al/Cu and Al/Al welded with the same parameters are compared. Al/Cu combination involves a formation of an interfacial intermetallic phase whereas Al/Al joint is bonded by metal continuity at the interface. The intermetallic is found to be amorphous, nanoporous, and damaged by a multi-directional cracks. The formation of such features is respectively explained by a melting confined at the interface followed by high rate cooling, cavitation phenomenon and solidification shrinkage. Mechanical characterizations of the Al/Cu joint show brittle fracture at the interface with fragmentation of the [0] intermetallics (glass type rupture). The intermetallic defects such as pores and cracks strongly reduce the breaking load level when compared to the Al/Al case. On the other hand, the Al/Al joint shows ductile fracture with plastic deformation of the interface.     

Soil humic acids may favour the persistence of hexavalent chromium in soil

The interaction between hexavalent chromium Cr(VI), as K₂CrO₄, and standard humic acids (HAs) in bulk solution was studied using three complementary analytical methods: UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and differential pulse stripping voltammetry. The observed UV-Vis and X-ray absorption spectra showed that, under our experimental conditions, HAs did not induce reduction of Cr(VI) to its trivalent chemical form. The interaction between Cr(VI) and HAs has rather led to the formation of Cr(VI)-HAs micelles via supramolecular chemical processes. The reported results could contribute towards explaining the relative persistence of ecotoxic hexavalent chromium in soils.     

不同供电方式ESP极板电流密度分布研究

介绍了电除尘器极板电泳密度测试方法和装置，测定了不同极距下脉冲供电和直流供电时，沿电晕极线垂直方向、水平方向及整个极板上电流密度的分布结果，得出在同等条件下，脉冲供电的极析电流密度分布比直流供电的更加均匀，有利于改善电除尘器运行。     

Management of disease complex caused by root knot nematode and root wilt fungus on pigeonpea through soil organically enriched with Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza,karanj (Pongamia pinnata) oilseed cake and farmyard manure

This investigation was undertaken to compare the percentage response of colonization and development of VA-Mycorrhiza (Glomus fasciculatum) on a number of pulse crops viz. cowpea, chickpea, soybean, pigeonpea and lentil under glasshouse conditions. Among the above-mentioned crops, pigeonpea exhibited the best performance and was selected for further studies. In this host the development and colonization percentage of G. fasciculatum was investigated under two separate substrates i. e. soil amended with FYM and karanj oilseed cake keeping a control treatment of field soil. A third treatment amended with karanj oilseed cake and farm yard manure (FYM) was also kept which responded best in terms of colonization percentage. This treatment showing improved plant health as well as integration with G. fasciculatum was selected as an ideal treatment for the management of disease complex caused by root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and root wilt fungus, Fusarium udum on pigeonpea. Thus the treatment constituting FYM, karanj oilseed cake and VA-Mycorrhiza reduced the disease incidence caused by both maladies to a great extent with the most promising improvement in plant growth parameters as compared to all others. The present investigation, in addition to proposing an ideal eco-friendly treatment for the management of this disease complex also proposed an excellent medium for the proliferation of the obligate bio-protectant, G. fasciculatum.