浅谈氯化物对环境的影响

本文从环境保护角度分析了氯化物对环境的影响。从而提出了制订“气田水中氯化物含量排放标准”的建议，讨论了气田水的处理方法。     

AIRBORNE THERMAL MAPPING OF A “FLOW-THROUGH” LAKE IN THE NEBRASKA SANDHILLS1

The Sandhills region represents a tremendous water resource for the State of Nebraska. Small shallow lakes, marshes, and subirrigated meadows are abundant due to interactions between ground water and surface water. One theory relating ground water to lake-flow systems in the Sandhills has been termed the “flow-through” concept. Thermal-infrared remotely acquired images document the flow-through model for a test site in Western Nebraska.     

A PRELIMINARY QUANTIFICATION OF THE IMPACTS OF ASPEN TO CONIFER SUCCESSION ON WATER YIELD - I. HEAT PULSE METHODOLOGY FOR MODEL CALIBRATION1

ABSTRACT: Twenty-six aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), 20 subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarps (Hook.) Nutt.), and 20 Engelmann spruce (Pices engelmanil (Parry) Engelm.) of various sizes were cut under water and suspended in permanent reserviors at a northern Utah site. The reservoirs were asealed so that all water loss was due to consumption by the trees. Sap velocities, as computed from heat pulse velocities, were related to conducting areas of the tree trunks. Computed transpiration volumes were then correlated with actual water losses from the reservoirs. Coefficients of determination (R²) of 0.87, 0.86, and 0.82 were obtained for the fir, aspen, and sprucs, respectively. Reservoir water loss for each species for each season was then used to adjust a plant activity index for computing transpiration within ASPCON, a model describing the hydrology of aspen to conifer succession. The plant activity index reflects the variation in the capability of a plant community to transpire water over the year. Assumptions and limitations of the heat pulse velocity technique are also outlined.     

山东省工业废水排放量GM（1,1）高阶残差预测模型

介绍了ＧＭ（１，１）高阶残差预测模型之建模方法。以山东省工业废水排放量为例，建立了ＧＭ（１，１）高阶残差预测模型。结果表明，ＧＭ（１，１）高阶残差模型经ＧＭ（１，１）模型更贴近实际。     

窄脉冲电晕放电烟气脱硫产物粒径分析的实验研究

为了便于脱硫产物的收集和应用,用沉降法采样,用电子显微镜对产物气溶胶进行粒径分析．实验在窄脉冲电晕放电装置上,模拟含硫烟气在工况条件下（气体流量２ｍ３／ｈ,反应器入口处ＳＯ２浓度２０００ｍｌ／ｍ３,ＳＯ２和ＮＨ３在通道中停留时间为５ｓ以上,温度６０℃、水蒸气体积比７．５％,相对湿度３８．２％）进行．电子显微镜的观测结果显示,脱硫产物粉尘结构疏松,颗粒形状不规则．根据电镜照片的统计结果,得出产物粉尘的数目中位径ＮＭＤ为０．４０μｍ,几何标准偏差σ１＝５．２１;质量中位径ＭＭＤ为２．８２μｍ,几何标准偏差σ２＝１．４３     

羟基自由基致死船舶压载水海洋有害生物研究

利用大气压强电场电离放电的物理方法,将空气中的O2和海水中H2O(气态)电离、离解生成羟基自由基(.OH)等氧活性粒子,溶于部分压载水中形成高浓度羟基溶液,再注入到输运压载水的主管路中,实现在输送压载水的过程中快速致死海洋有害生物和病原体.在10 t.h-1的船舶压载水处理实验系统中,进行了.OH致死浮游生物和细菌的实验,.OH浓度为0.65mg.L-1时,致死率达100%,达到《国际公约》压载水排放标准.同时选用牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri)、小新月菱形藻(Nitzschia closterium)进行.OH致死生物形态学研究,在显微镜下观察到.OH严重地损害了细胞壁、细胞膜、胞内物质等的重要组成和功能物质.     

Investigations on removal of SO2 from flue gas by aerosol formation in pulsed corona discharge process

The removal of SO₂ from flue gas by pulsed corona discharge in presence of ammonia was experimentally investigated. The results showed that the SO₂ removal mainly depends on thermal reaction of SO₂ with NH₃ and enhancements of 0%—25% by pulsed corona discharge in the range of the specific energy 0—5 Wh/Nm³. The aerosol mass concentration, mainly composed of ammonium sulfate, increased with specific energy dissipated into the reactor. With an initial concentration of 2000—2100 ppmv SO₂ and energy consumption of 3 Wh/Nm³, when a stoichiometric amount of ammonia is injected, the removal efficiency of SO₂ and percentage of ammonium sulfates in reaction products are all ≥80%. The collection efficiency of the reactor for aerosol is about 74% at a flue gas temperature of 60 to 65℃ and a water vapor content of 9% to 11% volume.     

废水生物处理系统对脉冲负荷的动态响应分析

以废水生物处理的推流式活性污泥法为研究对象，在废水处理系统为线性时不变系统的简化条件下，分析了矩形脉冲负荷对废水生物处理系统的动态影响。分析结果表明，在矩形脉冲负荷的作用下，废水处理系统出水的水浓度的增加值与脉冲幅度成正比，与脉冲持续时间、曝气池污泥浓度、污泥回流比、有机物最大比降解速率和米氏常数等因素有关，出水浓度增加值达到最大值后将逐步降低。分析方法也表明，可以模拟在冲击负荷作用下的废水处理系     

汽车尾气治理技术现状与发展

回顾了治理汽车尾气的常用方法，介绍了等离子体方法的现状，提出一种新的用强电离放电产生非平衡等离子技术治理尾气的方法。     

实施污染物总量控制的实践与思考

南宁市从“九五”开始,采用制定计划分解下达总量指标、环保目标责任制中明确总量任务、多途径控制污染物排放等做法实施污染物排放总量控制,取得了很大成效。建议结合现阶段控制污染物排放总量的途径加强基础工作,提高总量控制支持能力,实现目标总量控制向容量控制转变。