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71.
Kangjoo Kim Sung-Min Park Jinsam Kim Seok-Hwi Kim Yeongkyoo Kim Jeong-Tae Moon Gab-Soo Hwang Wang-Seog Cha 《Chemosphere》2009,77(2):222-227
The geochemical behavior of As in porewaters of an alkaline coal ash disposal site was investigated using multilevel samplers. The disposal site was in operation from 1983 until 1994 and was covered with 0.3–0.5 m thick soils in 2001 when this study was initiated. Sequential extraction analyses and batch leaching experiments were also performed using the coal ash samples collected from the disposal site. The results suggest the important roles of siderite (FeCO3) precipitation/dissolution and soil cover, which have been ignored previously. Arsenic levels in the porewater were very low (average of 10 μg L−1) when the site was covered with soil due to coprecipitation with siderite. The soil cover enabled the creation of anoxic conditions, which raised the Fe concentration by the reductive dissolution of Fe-(hydr)oxides. Because of the high alkalinity generated from the alkaline coal ash, even a small increase in the Fe concentration (0.66 mg L−1 on average) could cause siderite precipitation. When the soil cover was removed, however, an oxidizing condition was created and triggered the precipitation of dissolved Fe as (hydr)oxides. As a result, the dissolution of previously precipitated As-rich siderite caused higher As concentration in the porewater (average of 345 μg L−1). 相似文献
72.
蜂窝煤燃烧氟污染的控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以碳酸钙为固氟添加剂,以炉渣及粉煤灰等低氟材料取代全部或部分粘土作为粘结剂来制作蜂窝煤,进行了燃煤降氟的试验研究.结果表明,添加碳酸钙能有效降低蜂窝煤燃烧时候的氟排放,当煤:粘土:CaCO3的质量比为70:17:13时,碳酸钙的固氟效果最佳,氟的排放率可降低64.1%.以炉渣为粘结剂制作蜂窝煤能够显著降低燃烧时向外界排放的氟化物量,当煤:炉渣:CaCO3为80:8:12时,蜂窝煤燃烧排氟量较小且趋于稳定.已拌有一定剂量粉煤灰粘结剂的煤中添加15%的粘土后碳酸钙的固氟效果明显改善,当煤:粘土:粉煤灰:CaCO3为70:15:9:6时固氟效果最佳,此时蜂窝煤氟逸出率仅为18.2%,氟的减排率达到77.9%,显著优于未添加粘土时碳酸钙的固氟效果,蜂窝煤添加碳酸钙固氟剂进行高效固氟时,需同时适当增加粉煤灰加入量,以稳定固氟剂的高温固氟效果. 相似文献
73.
Long-term evaluation of coal fly ash and mine tailings co-placement: A site-specific study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Muluken B. Yeheyis Julie Q. Shang Ernest K. Yanful 《Journal of environmental management》2009,91(1):237-244
This study presents the results of a laboratory investigation conducted to evaluate the efficiency of coal fly ash to control the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) from mine waste. Site-specific materials, coal fly ash from Atikokan Thermal Generating Station and mine tailings from Musselwhite mine, were mixed at different proportions for the investigation of the drainage chemistry and the optimal mix using static testing (acid–base accounting) and kinetic (column) testing. The acid–base accounting (ABA) results indicated that the fly ash possessed strong alkaline (neutralization) potential (NP) and could be used in the management of reactive mine tailings, thus ensuring prevention of AMD in the long-term. Column tests conducted in the laboratory to further investigate long-term performance of fly ash in the neutralization and prevention of acid mine drainage from tailings similarly showed that mixing fly ash with mine tailings reduces dissolution of many heavy metals from tailings by providing alkalinity to the system. It was found that a fly ash to tailings mass ratio equal to or greater than 15% can effectively prevent AMD generation from Musselwhite mine tailings in the co-placement approach. 相似文献
74.
Reclamation and revegetation of fly ash disposal sites - Challenges and research needs 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Haynes RJ 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(1):43-53
Coal-fired power generation is a principal energy source throughout the world. Approximately, 70-75% of coal combustion residues are fly ash and its utilization worldwide is only slightly above 30%. The remainder is disposed of in landfills and fly ash basins. It is desirable to revegetate these sites for aesthetic purposes, to stabilize the surface ash against wind and water erosion and to reduce the quantity of water leaching through the deposit. Limitations to plant establishment and growth in fly ash can include a high pH (and consequent deficiencies of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and P), high soluble salts, toxic levels of elements such as B, pozzalanic properties of ash resulting in cemented/compacted layers and lack of microbial activity. An integrated organic/biotechnological approach to revegetation seems appropriate and should be investigated further. This would include incorporation of organic matter into the surface layer of ash, mycorrhizal inoculation of establishing vegetation and use of inoculated legumes to add N. Leaching losses from ash disposal sites are likely to be site-specific but a sparse number of studies have revealed enriched concentrations of elements such as Ca, Fe, Cd, Pb, and Sb in surrounding groundwater. This aspect deserves further study particularly in the longer-term. In addition, during weathering of the ash and deposition of organic matter during plant growth, a soil will form with properties vastly different to that of the parent ash. In turn, this will influence the effect that the disposal site has on the surrounding environment. Nevertheless, the effects of ash weathering and organic matter accumulation over time on the chemical, physical and biological properties of the developing ash-derived soil are not well understood and require further study. 相似文献
75.
76.
77.
利用活化粉煤灰处理造纸废水的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过正交试验,对粉煤灰处理造纸废水的影响因素进行了研究。研究结果表明:对粉煤灰进行活化,能增加其对造纸废水COD的去除效果;最佳的试验设计方案为:粉煤灰经40%硫酸活化、粒度160—200目、投加量为30g/100ml;影响COD去除率的大小顺序为:投加量影响最大,粒度次之,活化方式影响最小。 相似文献
78.
79.
随着生活垃圾焚烧处理方式的不断推广,焚烧飞灰的产生量也不断增加。按照我国固体废物分类方法,焚烧飞灰属于危险废物,必须进一步处置才能进入填埋场或资源化利用。本文分析了飞灰物理化学特性,论述了常规处置技术(水泥固化、化学药剂稳定化、酸溶剂提取和熔融固化等)存在的问题。将原始飞灰直接应用于水泥、混凝土或路基材料,飞灰中高含量的重金属和盐类会产生新的环境问题。飞灰水洗可以高效去除其中的可溶性盐类,水洗飞灰在焙烧后重金属的浸出浓度远低于原始飞灰烧结后的相应浓度,飞灰水洗-焙烧技术具有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
80.
Katsuya Nakayama Kuchar Dalibor Keisuke Sakai Mitsuhiro Kubota Hitoki Matsuda 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2008,10(2):102-109
The present work focuses on investigation of the effective recovery of heavy metals from molten fly ash by applying chloride-induced
volatilization. In particular, the effect of unburned carbon on the chloride-induced volatilization of lead, zinc, and copper
from model and real molten fly ashes was investigated in the temperature range 873–1173 K under a N2 atmosphere. As a result, almost 100% of lead and a significant proportion of zinc were volatilized from the real molten fly
ash samples at 1173 K. In contrast, for the model fly ash, volatilization ratios of lead and zinc at 1173 K were only 85%
and 25%, respectively. Further, the results of X-ray diffraction analysis suggested that PbO in molten fly ash was converted
either to Pb2OCl2 or Pb by respective chlorination and reduction reactions. Meanwhile ZnO and CuO in the molten fly ash were reduced to Zn
and Cu by reaction with unburned carbon. Subsequently, Pb, Zn, and Pb2OCl2 were volatilized, but Cu remained in the solid residue. Finally, the volatilization ratio of zinc increased with the addition
of carbon, and more than 98% of zinc was volatilized at 1173 K from a fly ash with a carbon content of 20%. 相似文献