苯酚和间甲酚的竞争吸附研究

研究了水中苯酚和间甲酚在大孔树脂上的吸附,结果表明,ＩＡＳ及ＬＣＡ模型都能较好地反映这一吸附系统的竞争吸附规律。     

NKA—Ⅱ大孔吸附树脂吸附高浓度苯胺溶液的试验研究

本文利用ＮＫＡ－Ⅱ大孔吸附树脂对高浓度苯胺溶液进行了静态吸附试验,希望利用大孔吸附树脂从化工废水中回收苯胺。     

AUTOMATED METHODS FOR ESTIMATING BASEFLOW AND GROUND WATER RECHARGE FROM STREAMFLOW RECORDS1

ABSTRACT: To quantify and model the natural ground water recharge process, six sites located in the midwest and eastern United States where previous water balance observations had been made were compared to computerized techniques to estimate: (1) base flow and (2) ground water recharge. Results from an existing automated digital filter technique for separating baseflow from daily streamflow records were compared to baseflow estimates made in the six water balance studies. Previous validation of automated baseflow separation techniques consisted only of comparisons with manual techniques. In this study, the automated digital filter technique was found to compare well with measured field estimates yielding a monthly coefficient of determination of 0.86. The recharge algorithm developed in this study is an automated derivation of the Rorabaugh hydrograph recession curve displacement method that utilizes daily streamflow. Comparison of annual recharge from field water balance measurements to those computed with the automated recession curve displacement method had coefficients of determination of 0.76 and predictive efficiencies of 71 percent. Monthly estimates showed more variation and are not advocated for use with this method. These techniques appear to be fast, reproducible methods for estimating baseflow and annual recharge and should be useful in regional modeling efforts and as a quick check on mass balance techniques for shallow water table aquifers.     

树脂吸附-NaClO曝气氧化法处理促进剂M废水的研究

研究了苯胺法生产促进剂M废水的治理 ,通过采用树脂吸附 NaClO曝气氧化二级处理工艺 ,分步去除有机污染物和硫化物 ,废水出水可达到国家一级排放标准。根据实验确定了适宜的工艺参数 ,氧化阶段的实验结果还证实Na ClO曝气氧化较NaClO搅拌氧化具有更高的去除效率     

ZH-02树脂对水中腐殖酸的吸附去除研究

通过几种吸附树脂ZH 0 0、ZH 0 1、ZH 0 2、ZH 0 3、颗粒活性炭 (GAC)和AmberliteXAD 4对腐殖酸的静态吸附试验的筛选结果 ,发现大孔树脂ZH 0 2对腐殖酸具有较好的吸附效果。利用颗粒活性炭作为参照 ,探讨了ZH 0 2的动态吸附去除效果和脱附再生条件 ,发现常温下醇碱溶液效果较好。     

环境模型库与地理信息系统的耦合

针对基于GIS开发的环境信息系统多数存在环境专题分析能力不强与环境专题模型缺乏有效的整合和协同运行的问题 ,建立了一个基于面向对象的环境模型库 ,并耦合在GIS的平台之上 ,有效地对环境模型进行管理与选型 ,利用GIS的空间优势直观地分析解决环境问题 ,从而为环境信息系统增加新的强大功能。最后以区域大气环境管理决策支持系统的研究与开发为例子介绍了其框架结构和应用情况。     

pH对磷酸铵镁结晶介稳区、诱导期和反应速率的影响

以p H为控制参数,利用自组装激光测量装置测定了4、20、30和40℃时,磷酸铵镁在水溶液中的溶解度、超饱和度和介稳区宽度等基础数据,分析了不同温度和p H下磷酸铵镁结晶介稳区的变化规律,考察了p H对磷酸铵镁结晶诱导期和结晶反应速率的影响。结果表明,提高溶液的p H,可降低磷酸铵镁在水溶液中的溶解度和超饱和度,但同时磷酸铵镁结晶介稳区宽度有所增加;磷酸铵镁的溶解度和超饱和度随温度的升高呈现上升的趋势,而磷酸铵镁的结晶介稳区宽度则随温度的升高而变窄,提高溶液中MAP的物质浓度也会压缩结晶介稳区宽度;随着溶液p H的升高,磷酸铵镁的结晶诱导期逐渐缩短,同时其结晶反应速率也有明显的提升。在磷酸铵镁结晶除磷过程中,可以通过控制p H来优化反应工艺条件,促进磷酸铵镁结晶反应的进行。     

改性木屑对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能

在木屑上接枝季氨基团制备了改性木屑,并用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对其进行了表征。通过静态实验研究了改性木屑对水溶液中六价铬Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附特性,并探讨了温度、p H、多组分共存离子等对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附效果的影响。结果表明,在30℃时,改性木屑对Cr(Ⅵ)的饱和吸附容量为218.33 mg/g,吸附规律符合Langmuir等温方程式。在p H为3~10时,改性木屑对Cr(Ⅵ)均有显著的吸附效能,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,反应活化能为21.71 k J/mol,对吸附热力学参数△G0、△H0和△S0的计算表明,吸附过程是吸热的自发过程。多组分干扰离子共存时,对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附影响不大。     

Determination of radionuclide levels in rainwater using ion exchange resin and γ-spectrometry

The evaluation of radioactivity accidentally released into the atmosphere involves determining the radioactivity levels of rainwater samples. Rainwater scavenges atmospheric airborne radioactivity in such a way that surface contamination can be deduced from rainfall rate and rainwater radioactivity content. For this purpose, rainwater is usually collected in large surface collectors and then measured by γ-spectrometry after such treatments as evaporation or iron hydroxide precipitation. We found that collectors can be adapted to accept large surface (diameter 47 mm) cartridges containing a strongly acidic resin (Dowex AG 88) which is able to quantitatively extract radioactivity from rainwater, even during heavy rainfall. The resin can then be measured by γ-spectrometry. The detection limit is 0.1 Bq per sample of resin (80 g) for ¹³⁷Cs. Natural ⁷Be and ²¹⁰Pb can also be measured and the activity ratio of both radionuclides is comparable with those obtained through iron hydroxide precipitation and air filter measurements. Occasionally ²²Na has also been measured above the detection limit. A comparison between the evaporation method and the resin method demonstrated that 2/3 of ⁷Be can be lost during the evaporation process. The resin method is simple and highly efficient at extracting radioactivity. Because of these great advantages, we anticipate it could replace former rainwater determination methods. Moreover, it does not necessitate the transportation of large rainwater volumes to the laboratory.     

混凝沉淀—树脂吸附—Fenton氧化工艺处理垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液

采用混凝沉淀-树脂吸附-Fenton氧化工艺处理垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液,筛选了该工艺各工段最佳的运行方式和参数.在最佳条件下,COD的去除率达98.1%.将吸附出水或氧化出水与垃圾渗滤液处理纳滤出水合并排放.各项出水指标均能达到<生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准>(GB 16889-2008)一级排放标准.树脂脱附效果好,脱附液体积为膜滤浓缩液的1/10,实现了膜滤浓缩液减量化的目的.