会计集中核算的实践与思考

会计集中核算是会计管理体制改革的一项举措,从试点单位初步运行情况看,其作用明显,产生了较好的社会效益和经济效益,为防止各种违纪行为筑起了一道坚固的防线。虽然会计集中核算有一定的局限性,但它作为会计管理体制改革的一项有益尝试,应在有条件的部门积极推行     

Human exposure to a mixture of endocrine disruptors and serum levels of thyroid hormones: A cross-sectional study

Exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDCs) could disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis. However, human epidemiological studies reported inconsistent observations, and scarce information on the effect of a mixture of chemicals. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of multiple chemicals with thyroid hormones among adults from China. We measured serum levels of thyroid hormones and urinary levels of 11 EDCs, including six phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), perchlorate, and thiocyanate among 177 healthy adults without occupational exposure. Associations of multiple urinary analytes with serum thyroid hormones were examined by performing general linear regression analysis and bayesian kernal machine regression analysis. These EDCs were detected in almost all samples. After adjusting for various covariates, we observed only BPF significantly associated with total thyroxin (TT4) (β=-0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.41, -0.14]), total triiodothyronine (TT3) (β=-0.02 95% CI [-0.03, -0.01]), free T4 (fT4) (β=-0.02, 95% CI [-0.03, -0.01]), and free T3 (fT3) (β=-0.04, 95% CI [-0.07, -0.01]), and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) and monoethyl phthalate (MEP) positively associated with TT4 (β=0.24, 95% CI [0.01, 0.48]) and fT4 (β=0.02, 95% CI [0.01, 0.04]), respectively. Moreover, we observed significant dose-response relationships between TT4 and the mixture of 11 EDCs, and BPF was the main contributor to the mixture effect, suggesting the priority of potential effect of BPF on disrupting thyroid function under a real scenario of human exposure to multiple EDCs. Our findings supported the hypothesis that human exposure to low levels of EDCs could alter thyroid hormones homeostasis among non-occupational healthy adults.     

涡凹气浮机在炼油污水处理中的应用

对涡凹气浮机在炼油污水气浮工艺的改造的应用进行了总结，改造后该气浮机具有投资省、运行费用低、操作维护简单、工作效率高等优点，且运行稳定，效果比较理想，应用前景十分广阔。     

Climatic change and urbanization effect in China

Climatic change and urbanization effect in China during the last 39 years were investigated. It is found that a warming of about 0.23℃ for the annual temperature has been noticed from 1951 to 1989. The warmings of about 0.78 ℃ in winter and 0.34 3℃ in spring have been shown. It is also presented that a cooling of about -0.27℃ in summer has been indicated. The bigger cities are warmer than smaller cities in China. The dried trends in the annual precipitation during the last 39 years were presented. The precipitation decreased obviously in summer all over China. The bigger cities were drier than smaller cities.     

Sensitivity experiments and assessment of climatic changes in China induced by greenhouse effect

Climatic changes can be separated into two parts: natural changes -and human activity influenced on climatic changes. The observed data could not only show the effects caused by human activity. Several simulated results as simulated by the GCMs induced by the greenhouse effects in China .have been analysed. It is shown that an obvious warming of about 3-6℃ in winter and 2-5℃ in summer in China as simulated by the GCMs induced by doubling CO2 have been found. There are getting drier or wetter regions in China due to doubled CO2 as simulated by most of models. Comparing the simulated results with the observed data in China, some simulated results are able to be believed. The GCMs should be improved, especially in the regional areas.     

青藏铁路工程对高原生态环境的影响

分析了青藏铁路工程建设生态环境的特点，探讨了青藏铁路建设对沿线冻融侵蚀、植被、冻土上限、沙漠化以及野生动物的影响，最后提出了铁路建设过程中的一些环境保护意义。     

乌金塘水库水体中钼污染现状及其防治对策

通过对乌金塘水库水质的监测和调查分析，了解了乌金塘水库水水质中钼（Mo）的污染状况和来源。根据监测结果可以判断，乌金塘水库处于严重污染状态。提出通过采取必要的防治措施，乌金塘水库可以满足饮用要求。     

新疆农用地变化的环境效应

土地生态环境问题一直都是专家、学者研究的热点话题,土地利用的生态环境效应更是人们日益关注的问题,以新疆1996-2004年农用地详查数据为依据,在分析研究土地利用的变化特点的基础上,阐述了农用地变化产生的环境效应.尽管农用地数量在整体上是增加的,但是土地沙化、退化,水土流失、生物多样性减少等一系列生态环境恶化现象仍在继续.因此,新疆农用地要在水资源的承载范围内适度增加.目前,新疆农用地变化给整体环境带来负面的效应,仅使局部生态环境改善,整体环境变坏.因此,新疆在土地利用中,要以此为鉴,加强生态环境建设,注重各种功能用地的结合.     

松华坝水库水体营养状况评价与污染控制

采用中国环境监测总站<湖泊(水库)富营养化评价方法及分级技术规定>(2001年12月)中的综合营养状态指数法评价2004年松华坝水库水体的营养状况枯水期均处于贫营养状态;平水期处于贫营养和中营养状态;丰水期均处于中营养状态,出现了富营养化的征兆.针对丰水期水体已面临轻度富营养化的威胁,提出防治对策与建议.