采用正交实验优化湿热法处理厨余垃圾的工艺条件

实验采用3因素3水平的正交实验设计方法,研究了湿热法处理厨余垃圾并使其饲料化的加工工艺中,时间、温度、加水量对厨余垃圾饲用价值的影响,选取粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、钙和盐分为评价指标,确定反应的最佳工艺条件.实验结果表明,反应的最佳工艺条件为温度100℃、加水量50%、反应时间30 min.     

六氯苯的O3及UV/O3高级氧化降解试验研究

采用O₃、UV/O₃高级氧化法对水中六氯苯（HCB）的降解效果及机理进行了研究，并对结果进行了比较，结果表明，UV本身对HCB的去除率贡献不大，HCB可被O₃、UV/O₃快速降解，即UV＜O₃＜UV/O₃；O₃、UV/O₃作用时，提高体系的初始pH值不利于HCB的降解，在pH＝3，HCB=0.2 mg/L，反应40 min时，HCB的去除可达50%左右，酸性条件下有利于降解反应的进行；无论是O₃单独作用还是UV/O₃联合作用，HCB的降解基本上满足准一级反应动力学规律，如果体系的pH值基本保持恒定，这种规律就更为明显。根据离子色谱(IC)、GC对六氯苯降解中间产物进行了测定，探讨了O₃、UV/O₃降解六氯苯的途径和机理。     

非均相Fenton反应技术研究进展

Fenton氧化法是较为常用的一种高级氧化技术。非均相Fenton反应适用的pH值范围较宽，能避免均相Fenton反应产生铁泥沉淀的缺点，成为近年来Fenton反应的重要研究方向。本文对非均相Fenton氧化技术的研究现状及发展动态进行较为详尽的评述。     

大气CO2与植物氮素营养的关系

大气CO2浓度升高对植物吸收氮素,以及对植物和土壤中的氮浓度、C/N比和氮循环都存在着影响。大气CO2浓度与植物氮素营养之间存在着交互作用。大气CO2浓度升高对植物氮素营养影响的结果与氮浓度、氮形态等因素有关。     

甲醛光催化降解与过氧化氢生成的相关性研究

分别采用两种光催化剂(TiO2与Pd/TiO2)和三种紫外光源(黑光灯、杀菌灯、臭氧灯)分解水溶液中的甲醛,同时以酶法测定光催化降解过程中生成的低浓度过氧化氢.发现波长较短的紫外光源生成过氧化氢的浓度较高.当以臭氧灯为光源时,无论是否有催化剂存在,生成的过氧化氢浓度都在50mmol·m-3以上,因为185nm以下的紫外光可以直接由水与溶解氧生成臭氧,而后生成过氧化氢.不管有无催化剂存在,在臭氧灯作用下,甲醛溶液中生成的过氧化氢浓度高于纯水中生成的过氧化氢浓度.但是,在以黑光灯或臭氧灯为光源时,上述结果正好相反.此外,对于每种光源而言,当采用Pd/TiO2代替TiO2时,甲醛的分解和过氧化氢的生成都得到加强.甲醛光催化分解速率与相同条件下纯水中过氧化氢的生成速率呈正比,表明光催化降解的活性与光催化生成过氧化氢的能力近似呈正相关.     

Effects of intracolony variability in behavioral development on plasticity of division of labor in honey bee colonies

There is a genetic component to plasticity in age polyethism in honey bee colonies, such that workers of some genotypes become precocious foragers more readily than do workers of other genotypes, in colonies lacking older bees. Using colonies composed of workers from two identifiable genotype groups, we determined that intracolony differences in the likelihood of becoming a precocious forager are a consequence of differences in rates of behavioral development that are also evident under conditions leading to normal development. An alternative hypothesis, that differences in the likelihood of becoming a precocious forager are due to differences in general sensitivity to altered colony conditions, was not supported. In three out of three trials, workers from the genotype group that was more likely to exhibit precocious foraging in single cohort colonies also foraged at relatively younger ages in colonies in which workers exhibited normal behavioral development. In contrast, in three out of three trials, workers from the genotype group that was more likely to exhibit precocious foraging in single-cohort colonies did not show disproportionately more overaged nursing in colonies in which workers exhibited delayed development. These results indicate that genotypic differences in plasticity in age-related division of labor are based on genotypic differences in rates of behavioral development.     

微电解工艺处理染料工业废水研究

该文研究了采用微电解工艺处理染料工业废水.经过微电解工艺处理的染料工业废水色度和化学需氧量(COD)去除率分别为93.94%和64.62%.废水的可生化性提高,生化速率常数K从0.02876提高到0.04754.微电解工艺预处理该染料工业废水的吨水运行成本为0.91元.     

铜基催化剂上甲苯深度氧化的机理分析

运用浸渍法制备了一系列CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂,利用FTIR、MS、XRD等技术研究了甲苯在该催化剂上的深度氧化的性能及反应机理。初步讨论了活性氧化铝上铜的最佳负载量,铜在催化剂中的作用,以及甲苯在该催化剂上不同条件下反应的中间产物和最终产物及其产生机理。     

First-trimester prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis using the polymerase chain reaction: Report of eight cases

Eight pregnancies at risk for cystic fibrosis have been monitored by first-trimester prenatal diagnosis with DNA amplification analysis. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used in all cases to amplify the region detected by KM 19. In two cases, the region detected by CS·7, another DNA probe tightly linked to the CF locus, was also examined. The results of the PCR determinations were confirmed using the Southern blotting procedure, by segregation analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) relative to XV-2c, J3·11, metH, metD, and KM19 probes.     

尿素湿法烟气脱硫动力学研究

通过对尿素湿法烟气脱硫过程动力学的研究,确定其反应级数及反应速率常数.结果表明,尿素湿法烟气脱硫过程在20℃～100℃的范围内是零级反应过程,且升高温度有利于提高烟气脱硫速率.