复合絮凝剂在治理棉纤维生产废水中的应用

运用正交实验设计的方法，对化纤厂生产棉浆粕过程中产生的黑液，进行了絮凝剂各类和用量的选择研究。据此，可以为确定工艺中絮凝剂的投加量提供初步数据。同时给出了化学耗氧量（COD）和总有机碳（TOC）之间的线性关系方程。     

AN防御蜡梅酸致损伤最佳条件选择

本文以蜡梅光合速率、叶绿素含量、质膜透性为生理指标，研究了ＡＮ对酸雨引起蜡梅损伤的防御作用与最佳作用条件，实验结果表明，以酸雨处理前２４ｈ处理后４８ｈ时间内，喷施１００ｐｐｍＡＮ３次的防御效应最佳。     

新型杂环三氮烯类光度试剂与镍的显色体系研究

光度法检测微量镍发展的核心是制备高灵敏的显色剂,而杂环三氮烯类试剂由于其显色反应的灵敏度高、选择性好,是热点研究方向。本文以新合成的1-(偶氮苯基)-3-(3-硝基-2-吡啶)-三氮烯(简称AB-NPT)为显色剂,研究了它与镍的高灵敏显色体系,结果表明:在pH值为10.8~11.6范围内Na2B4O7-NaOH的缓冲溶液中,ABNPT在非离子表面活性剂Tween-100存在下与镍形成红色稳定的配合物,其最大吸收波长为535 nm。该显色体系大大提高了测定方法的选择性和抗干扰性,优于其它光度法测镍。采用此法用于矿样中微量镍的测定,结果令人满意,有较强的应用背景和社会效益。     

Comparative sensitivity to and consumption of methyl eugenol in three <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bactrocera dorsalis</Emphasis> (Diptera: Tephritidae) complex sibling species

Summary. Sensitivities to methyl eugenol of three sibling species in the Bactrocera dorsalis complex were compared. The degree of species sensitivity to methyl eugenol, i.e. B. dorsalis > B. papayae > B. carambolae (in decreasing order), was concomitant with the species age-related response to methyl eugenol as previously reported. The ability to consume methyl eugenol by the three sibling species showed similar trend - the average ME consumption per male was 0.70 ml for B. dorsalis, 0.58 ml B. papayae and 0.18 μl B. carambolae. Results obtained were discussed in relation to area-wide control of fruit fly. Received 21 April 2002; accepted 9 July 2002     

天津市经济—环境系统的物质流分析

利用物质流分析工具对天津市经济—环境系统中的物质流进行了分析,分析结果表明:2004年天津市的物质需求总量达到8.68亿t,且增长趋势明显,其中基础设施建设对环境造成了较大扰动,进口物质大于出口物质;城市环境容量总体处于饱和状态,水体污染严重;物质消耗强度不断增长,资源的利用效率处于较低水平。最后,针对存在的问题,提出相应的措施和建议。     

营养和环境条件对光滑球拟酵母葡萄糖代谢速度的影响

增加培养基中Mg2 浓度,使磷酸果糖激酶和3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶活性提高22.2%和23.4%,葡萄糖消耗速率从1.94g L-1h-1提高到2.43g L-1h-1,提高了25%.较低kLa(200h-1)导致胞内ATP处于较低的水平,变构激活糖酵解关键酶活性,与高kLa(450h-1)比较,葡萄糖消耗速率(2.31g L-1h-1)提高了35%,低kLa虽能加快葡萄糖消耗,但不利于丙酮酸产量的提高.烟酸(NA)是细胞合成NAD 的前体,培养基中缺乏NA导致细胞生长微弱,葡萄糖消耗缓慢;NA质量浓度从4mg/L增加到8mg/L时,葡萄糖消耗速度(2.01g L-1h-1)和丙酮酸产量(46.4g/L)分别提高了48.4%和29%,高NA浓度有利于高葡萄糖消耗速度的提高,但降低了丙酮酸对葡萄糖的产率.一定浓度的(0~10mg/L)的外源电子受体乙醛提高了光滑球拟酵母中醇脱氢酶活性(提高8.6%),加速NAD 再生,降低NADH/NAD 比率,从而促进细胞生长和提高葡萄糖消耗速度.以上结果表明,营养和环境条件通过改变细胞胞内辅因子水平,影响糖酵解关键酶活性而改变葡萄糖代谢速度.图3表4参18     

Pattern formation and individual-based models: The importance of understanding individual-based movement

This paper demonstrates that while pattern formation can stabilize individual-based models of predator–prey systems, the same individual-based models also allow for stabilization by alternate mechanisms, particularly localized consumption or diffusion limitation. The movement rules of the simulation are the critical feature which determines which of these mechanisms stabilizes any particular predator–prey individual-based model. In particular, systems from well-connected subpopulations, in each of which a predator can attack any prey, generally exhibit stabilization by pattern formation. In contrast, when restricted movement within a (sub-)population limits the ability of predators to consume prey, localized consumption or diffusion limitation can stabilize the system. Thus while the conclusions from differential equations on the role of pattern formation for stability may apply to discrete and noisy systems, it will take a detailed understanding of movement and scales of interaction to examine the role of pattern formation in real systems. Additionally, it will be important to link an understanding of both foraging and inter-patch movement, since by analogy to the models, both would be critical for understanding how real systems are stabilized by being discrete and spatial.     

中国家庭消费的生态影响——以家庭生活用电为例

中国生活部门能源消费占能源消费总量的12％，以电能消费为例，用生命周期方法计算了中国家庭1985年和1998年因生活用电而间接产生的CO2、SOx和烟尘的排放。结果发现，与1985年相比，1998年3种污染物的排放量对全国的贡献率分别增加了5．06％，5．16％和3．57％。说明在中国开展家庭消费生态影响研究的重要意义。     

焦粉成型技术

冶金、化工、电石生产企业 ,因生产工艺要求需要将大块的焦炭破碎成一定粒度的块焦 ,破碎过程要产生2 0 %— 2 5 %的焦粉。本文针对目前工业废弃焦粉再利用问题 ,通过深入调查 ,反复试验 ,取得了很好的效果。为冶金、化工、电石生产企业废弃焦粉成型再利用找到一条切实可行的方法     

钢渣脱除烧结烟气中二氧化硫的实验研究

通过对钢渣的分析，确定了其作为脱硫剂的可能性。从钢渣在不同操作条件下脱硫的实验研究看，钢渣能有效地脱除烟气中的SO2，在湿润状态、低流速条件下，微细钢渣的脱硫能力较强，钢渣作为脱硫剂使用将具有良好的经济效益和环境效益。