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641.
A spectrophotometric procedure for the anionic diazo dye Congo red was proposed based on nanosilver catalyzed oxidation by potassium iodate in a hydrochloric acid medium. The calibration graph is linear for 0.8–240?mg?L?1, and the detection limit is 0.6?mg?L?1. Most foreign ions do not interfere with the determination, except for Cu(II), Fe(III), and Cr(VI). The interferences of Cu(II) and Fe(III) could be eliminated by masking with ethylene diamine tetraacetate, and that of Cr(VI) by reducing to Cr(III) with ascorbic acid. The typical features of this procedure are that it is sensitive for Congo red, and the determination could be carried out at room temperature. It had been used for the determination of Congo red in the Ganjnameh river water sample. 相似文献
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Michelle Graymore Graeme Allinson Mayumi Allinson Frank Stagnitti Yasuyuki Shibata Masatoshi Morita 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3-4):427-439
The transport of the s‐triazine herbicide, atrazine, through the red, calcareous earth soils of the South Australian Riverland was investigated. Small, undisturbed soil cores were extracted from the inter‐row topsoil of a vineyard adjacent to the River Murray, approximately 10 km south‐west of Overland Corner, South Australia. The vines were grown in a deep (1–4 m) reddish brown, strongly alkaline, sandy loam with a low organic carbon content (<2%). Atrazine concentrations in the leachate were dependent on application rate and soil type. High application rates on subsoil gave high rates of leaching for a longer time compared to the same application rate on topsoil and/or lower application rates on either topsoil or subsoil. Overall, 37–65% of the applied atrazine was detected in the leachate from subsoil cores, 14–25% in topsoil core leachates. Small amounts of atrazine (< 10% of applied dose) were found only in the top 2 cm of the core profiles. The results suggest that this herbicide is somewhat mobile in such strongly alkaline, sandy loam soils and that the irrigated soils of this region are likely to be prone to leaching of atrazine, and therefore that groundwater supplies in this area may be at risk of contamination through use of triazine herbicides. 相似文献
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M. DI MARCO L. BOITANI D. MALLON M. HOFFMANN A. IACUCCI E. MEIJAARD P. VISCONTI J. SCHIPPER C. RONDININI 《Conservation biology》2014,28(4):1109-1118
Assessing temporal changes in species extinction risk is necessary for measuring conservation success or failure and for directing conservation resources toward species or regions that would benefit most. Yet, there is no long‐term picture of genuine change that allows one to associate species extinction risk trends with drivers of change or conservation actions. Through a review of 40 years of IUCN‐related literature sources on species conservation status (e.g., action plans, red‐data books), we assigned retrospective red‐list categories to the world's carnivores and ungulates (2 groups with relatively long generation times) to examine how their extinction risk has changed since the 1970s. We then aggregated species’ categories to calculate a global trend in their extinction risk over time. A decline in the conservation status of carnivores and ungulates was underway 40 years ago and has since accelerated. One quarter of all species (n = 498) moved one or more categories closer to extinction globally, while almost half of the species moved closer to extinction in Southeast Asia. The conservation status of some species improved (toward less threatened categories), but for each species that improved in status 8 deteriorated. The status of large‐bodied species, particularly those above 100 kg (including many iconic taxa), deteriorated significantly more than small‐bodied species (below 10 kg). The trends we found are likely related to geopolitical events (such as the collapse of Soviet Union), international regulations (such as CITES), shifting cultural values, and natural resource exploitation (e.g., in Southeast Asia). Retrospective assessments of global species extinction risk reduce the risk of a shifting baseline syndrome, which can affect decisions on the desirable conservation status of species. Such assessments can help conservationists identify which conservation policies and strategies are or are not helping safeguard biodiversity and thus can improve future strategies. Una Evaluación Retrospectiva de la Declinación Global de Carnívoros y Ungulados 相似文献
644.
林亮 《中国安全生产科学技术》2014,10(1):165-169
赤泥是拜耳法炼铝工业中产生的残渣,因其具有碱性腐蚀、有毒有害金属元素、放射性元素,而成为一个棘手的环境问题。赤泥安全处置的有效方法是通过开发工业上可行的规模化应用方法,以提高利用率、减少处置量,赤泥在建设工程材料领域的开发就是其规模化应用的一种有效途径;同时,必须解决赤泥的建设材料衍生产品的安全性问题,才能从根本上实现赤泥废弃物的无害化处置。从放射性、腐蚀性及浸出毒性方面讨论赤泥建设工程材料衍生品的可行性、安全性与环境相容性。结果表明,赤泥的放射性水平超过了安全规定的限值,但没有表现出显著的浸出毒性,同时其碱性延缓了钢筋的去钝化进程。 相似文献
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研究了低强度紫外线对活性艳红X 3B溶液的处理效果 ,考察了紫外线波长、溶液pH、起始浓度、催化剂用量、温度及曝气条件对染料降解的影响。结果表明 ,36 5nm紫外线 (UV3 65nm)的处理效果明显优于 2 5 4nm紫外线 (UV2 54nm) ,反应最适pH为 3 0~ 5 0 ,最佳TiO2 投加量为 2 0g/L ,最适温度为 4 0℃ ,通入空气或氧气均能加速活性艳红X 3B的降解。在上述条件下 ,起始浓度为 5 0mg/L的活性艳红X 3B在 1 5 0min内可完全分解 相似文献
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