中国青年女性血沉参考值与地理因素的关系

为制定中国青年女性血沉参考值的统一标准提供科学依据,本文收集了中国各地用温氏法测定的健康青年女性血沉参考值,并对其与地理因素的关系进行了研究,发现海拔高度是影响青年女性血沉参考值最主要的因素,随着海拔高度的逐渐增大,青年女性血沉参考值在逐渐的减小,相关性很显著。用逐步回归分析的方法推导出了一个回归方程。如果知道了中国某地的地理因素,就可以用回归方程估算这个地区的青年女性血沉参考值。依据青年女性血沉参考值与地理因素的依赖关系把中国分为青藏区,西南区,西北区,东南区,华北区,东北区等六个区     

Preparation of bovine liver candidate reference material

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室内空气质量相关标准与评价方法进展

综述了国内外室内空气质量(IAQ)标准、建筑装饰装修材料中有害物质限量标准和室内空气质量评价方法研究的进展情况。根据浓度一呼吸速率一剂量的关系,提出了“参考剂量评价标准”的概念和将来应开展工作的建议。     

Agricultural land-use change and ash (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Fraxinus excelsior</Emphasis> L.) colonization in Pyrenean landscapes: an interdisciplinary case study

Changes in agricultural land use are responsible for significant modifications in mountain landscapes. This study is part of an interdisciplinary research on the processes and consequences of spontaneous afforestation of Pyrenean landscapes by ash, and the possibilities for its management. We address the relationships between vegetation dynamics and land-use change from the combination of an agricultural study of change in farm management and an ecological study of grassland colonization by ash. In the framework of a village case study, we characterized parcels management and land-use histories, and analyzed the dynamics of the composition of grassland vegetation communities. From a joint analysis of the results obtained in each discipline, we discuss the limitations and complementarities of the two approaches for the interdisciplinary assessment of the afforestation process.     

A Bayesian approach to evaluating site impairment

In the United States, each state is required to list water resources that are declared to be impaired under guidelines set by the Clean Water Act. Measurements are typically collected on a number of chemical constituents and compared with a standard. If there are too many measurements exceeding the standard, then the site is declared impaired. The approach is non-statistical but similar to a Binomial test. The Binomial approach would convert the measurements to binary data then test if the proportion exceeding the standard is excessive. Both methods convert measurements to binary values hence exclude potentially important information in the data. We present a statistical approach using a Bayesian model that uses the raw data instead of the binary transformed data. The population distribution of a family of location-scale parameter models is studied under the model. Posterior distributions from the Bayesian analysis are used in the decision-making process and error probabilities for the Bayesian and the Binomial approaches are compared for a normal population.     

富集因子法中参比元素的选取方法——以元江底泥中重金属污染评价为例

富集因子法中参比元素的选择对目标元素富集程度评价及源解析结果有至关重要的影响,盲目选用可能会导致偏颇或错误的结论,但目前鲜有针对参比元素的选择所进行的探讨.本文以元江沉积物中重金属元素污染水平评价及来源解析为例,详细介绍了运用顺序提取法、相关分析法、聚类分析法等化学分析和数理统计相结合并联系研究区域地球化学背景、产业分布及元素特性确定参比元素的方法.并采用所选出的参比元素进行富集因子法分析,将所得重金属污染等级评价结果及重金属来源的推论与地积累指数法对重金属污染等级评价的结果和以因子分析法对重金属溯源的推论相比较.结果表明,利用相关分析和顺序提取等方法选择参比元素是可靠可行的.     

基于岭估计的青海省东部农业区ET_0遥感反演研究

论文利用青海东部农业区内的12个气象站2003—2005年气象资料,应用Penman-Monteith公式计算得到各站逐旬的ET_0值,并进一步研究其与高程(DEM)、地表温度(LST)及归一化植被指数(NDVI)3个因子之间的关系,提取遥感数据并耦合到时间分辨率为旬,空间分辨率为1 km,将其与计算所得ET_0建立多元反演模型。由于3个自变量因子之间存在着很强的相关关系,LST与NDVI间判定系数R2平均在0.7左右,不能直接用最小二乘回归方法建立模型。为有效避免自变量间相关性对模型的影响,研究中采用岭估计方法建模。结果表明,通过岭估计建立2003年10~33旬区域二元模型反演最低精度达76.19%,区域三元模型反演最低精度也有83.54%。与传统方法所建模型相比,检查点均方根误差减小约1.1,反演最低精度提高11%左右,能满足实际应用需求。     

FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGICAL METHODOLOGY FOR NATURAL STABLE CHANNEL DESIGN1

A fluvial geomorphological methodology for designing natural stable channels is being widely applied for river restoration. It is an analogue procedure, as the W/d ratio and sinuosity from a reference reach are scaled to determine the restoration design. The choice of reference reach is crucial and published criteria specify that it should be stable, correspond to the stream type at the restoration site, have the same valley type, and be from the same hydrophysiographic region. For stable, meandering gravel cobble bed rivers flowing through alluvial flood plains (C3 and C4 stream types), UK regime equations are used to evaluate the procedure. Successful design requires particular combinations of the ratios of bankfull discharge, bed material size and load, valley slope, and bank vegetation category between the reference and restoration sites. These critical ratios, which are confirmed by U.S. field data, provide guidelines for selecting a suitable reference reach for C3‐C4 stream types. They also indicate that the reference reach can be in any valley type or hydrophysiographic region. The geomorphological procedure will apply to all stable stream types, provided the reference reach is correctly identified. Specific guidelines for each stream type await the development of additional regime equations.     

中国中老年男性全血比粘度参考值与海拔高度的曲线模型分析

目的：为制定中国中老年男性全血比粘度参考值的统一标准提供科学依据,方法：收集了中国３１２个单位用毛细管法测定的２１２７７例健康中老年男性全血比粘度参考值,用曲线回归分析的方法研究了其与海拨高度之间的关系。结果：发现随着海拨高度的逐渐增大,中老年男性全血比粘度参考值按指数律也在逐渐的增大,相关性很显著（Ｒ＝０．７８４）;推导出了一个曲线回归模型＾Ｙ＝４３５×１０００１２９ｘ±０９３。结论：如果知道了中国某地的海拨高度,就可以用回归模型估算这个地区的中老年男性全血比粘度参考值,依据中老年男性全血比粘度参考值与地理因素的依赖关系把中国分为青藏区,中部区,东部区等三个区     

“Ten Steps”法在污水处理厂设备管理中的应用

污水处理厂设备管理具有相应的特点,结合多年的污水处理厂设备管理经验,从设备的选、用、养、修等诸多环节进行讨论,总结了设备管理"Ten Steps"法,为行业设备管理提供相应借鉴。