油田污水中可溶性硫化物快速检测方法

采用硫离子选择电极法快速检测油田水中硫化物,优化了操作条件,在溶液pH值大于11.5和中速搅拌（800 r/min左右）条件下,单个样品分析时间少于15 min.空气中的氧对测定结果干扰明显,通过取样时加入硫化物稳定剂方法可消除空气中氧的影响.方法的精密度小于4.0％,与碘量法相比,相对偏差小于15％,方法检测下限为0.35 mg/L.     

低温柴油吸收处理炼油厂酸性水罐区恶臭气体的问题和对策

通过对低温柴油吸收处理炼油厂酸性水罐区恶臭气体效果的探讨,将处理过程中存在的气相线频繁堵塞、制冷机组运行异常、吸收塔设计负荷小、超重力反应器运行效果不理想和测量存在较大误差等问题进行了分析,并提出了具体可行措施:定期清理恶臭气体流程管线,对废气管路所有低点进行密闭排凝;在吸收塔前路恶臭气体管线增上液环真空泵;对废气管线增加伴热保温措施;将测量元件进行位置变更;完善恶臭处理设施管理体制。     

炼化一体工业废水污染物全过程控制

针对当前炼化一体工业废水污染物治理存在"重末端,轻过程"的问题,从全过程控制实现该类废水的污染物减排。依据炼油及化工废水特征采用经济高效的技术措施形成"源头─过程─末端"的全过程减排链。在生产过程推行清洁生产,从源头控制减少污染物的产生;通过预处理资源化利用废水中污染物,强化降解对末端处理影响大的污染物,过程控制减少污染物排放;末端分质处理性质不同的炼油与化工废水,确保废水达标排放。     

保护层分析（LOPA）在炼化生产中的应用

介绍了目前国际通行的可以有效评估过程危险的保护层分析方法，结合其在炼化生产中某装置的具体运用．来说明保护层分析方法的作用.     

嘉陵江水系钼水环境背景值

本文研究了嘉陵江水系Mo水环境背景值,将嘉陵江水系分成四个环境背景单元并比较了其背景值,本文还研究了采样点的合理布置,进行了异常值取舍,Mo背景值和分布类型的计算,最后探讨了季节变化对Mo背景的的影响。     

HSE体系管理在炼化企业基层单位实施现状及改进建议

对当前炼化企业基层单位HSE管理体系现状进行了分析.指出了基层单位HSE管理理念没有真正转变、HSE管理制度执行力差、HSE管理职责落实不到位、HSE培训缺乏针对性、HSE绩效考核重结果轻过程、企业安全文化建设重形式轻根基等问题.提出基层单位HSE体系管理改进建议,真正落实“以人为本”的HSE管理理念、强化HSE管理制度的执行力、真正将HSE管理职责落实到位、强化HSE培训需求分析,增强培训的针对性、加强HSE绩效考核过程管理、推进安全文化建设.     

Permitted emissions of major air pollutants from coal-fired power plants in China based on best available control technology

Based on the activity level and technical information of coal-fired power-generating units (CFPGU) obtained in China from 2011 to 2015, we, 1) analyzed the time and spatial distribution of SO₂ and NO_x emission performance of CFPGUs in China; 2) studied the impact of installed capacity, sulfur content of coal combustion, and unit operation starting time on CFPGUs’ pollutant emission performance; and 3) proposed the SO₂ and NO_x emission performance standards for coal-fired power plants based on the best available control technology. Our results show that: 1) the larger the capacity of a CFPGU, the higher the control level and the faster the improvement; 2) the CFPGUs in the developed eastern regions had significantly lower SO₂ and NO_x emission performance values than those in other provinces due to better economic and technological development and higher environmental management levels; 3) the SO₂ and NO_x emission performance of the Chinese thermal power industry was significantly affected by the single-unit capacity, coal sulfur content, and unit operation starting time; and 4) based on the achievability analysis of best available pollution control technology, we believe that the CFPGUs’ SO₂ emission performance reference values should be 0.34 g/kWh for active units in general areas, 0.8 g/kWh for active units in high-sulfur coal areas, and 0.13 g/kWh for newly built units and active units in key areas. In addition, the NO_x emission performance reference values should be 0.35 g/kWh for active units in general areas and 0.175 g/kWh for new units and active units in key areas.

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污水处理厂及其单元的优化设计研究

介绍了不同时期的几个城市污水处理厂系统优化设计模型，对污水处理厂部分单元的优化设计进行了分析。从PLC的控制角度对污水处理厂的优化设计进行了简述；并提出了城市污水处理厂优化设计研究中几个有待于进一步解决的问题。     

浅谈区域性非甲烷烃的环境影响

针对炼油区域可能产生非甲烷烃排放的问题,大庆炼化公司在新项目建设初期采用先进的工艺和设备,降低了非甲烷烃的损失。对非甲烷烃排放进行的环境影响分析表明,在非甲烷烃排放的损失中,汽油装车损失占42%,设备散发损失占23%,原油储罐小呼吸损失21%,原油储罐大呼吸损失10%,汽油储罐小呼吸损失4%。该公司使用内浮顶汽油储罐及对汽油装车采取密闭回收油气的办法,有效地降低了非甲烷烃的散失,对区域环境质量的改善起到了重要作用,同时减少了炼油企业油气的损失。     

Possibilities and options for the Clean Development Mechanism and the Green Investment Scheme in Central and Eastern Europe: Macedonian and Romanian perspectives

Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is a rapidly changing and developing region which is making the transition to a market based economy. Along with economic reforms, the countries of the region are engaged in substantial environmental reforms, including climate change mitigation activities. Mitigation of, and adaptation to, the consequences of climate change are costly processes. It is therefore of great importance that the national and international mechanisms addressing these problems use methods both environmentally sound and economically efficient. Through two case studies that address the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and the Green Investment Scheme (GIS) in Romania, this paper explores challenges, related tasks and main problems in the establishment of mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol in Central and Eastern Europe.