有机物料对淹水植稻过程中有机-无机复混肥肥料氮有效性的影响

通过淹水植稻试验，研究了几种有机－无机复混肥肥料氮的有效性及影响因素．结果表明：含不同有机物料（木薯渣、人粪渣、泥炭和花生麸）的有机－无机复混肥肥料氮的有效性不同：有机物料能够延缓前期肥料氮的释放，促进中后期水稻氮素的供应；不同有机物料对水稻氮素供应的影响亦有不同；有机物料的组分是影响有机－无机复混肥肥料氮有效性的主要因素之一．     

我国农用稀土光转换材料研究进展

概述了近年来我国农用稀土光转换材料的研究进展及目前存在的问题.重点介绍了转光剂的类型及研究现状,展望了稀土光转换材料的发展前景.     

湘中锡矿山式锑矿成矿物质来源探讨

本文从地层含矿性、同岩浆活动的关系及同位素组成特征等几个方面进行分析 ,以阐明湘中锡矿山式锑矿成矿物质来源于构造岩浆活化作用形成的区域性深部上升流体。虽然赋矿层位相对集中 ,但不存在明显的锑矿源层。铅同位素研究表明矿石铅来源于深部均化条件下的铅同位素演化系统 ,与围岩地层铅同位素明显不同。硫同位素显示矿石硫为均一化程度较高的混合深源硫。包裹体水氢、氧同位素组成介于大气降水与初生水之间 ,为混合水类型     

面向二十一世纪的环境管理工具——物质与能量流动分析

随着可持续发展研究的深入，20世纪80年代后，在经济系统特别是工业系统与自然环境相互作用的研究中形成了物质与能量流动分析。作为工业生态学的重要研究内容之一。它已成为重要的环境管理工具，本文介绍了物质与能量流动分析的主要观点，分析方法及其在经济领域中的应用情况。随着研究的深入和分析方法的完善，物质与能量流动分析将会在工业领域得到越来越多的应用，这些研究成果将对减缓和消除人类经济活动对环境的不利影响发挥重要的指导作用。     

工业废液中镍钴的回收及在锂离子电池正极材料中的应用

探索了从废液中回收镍钴在空气气氛下合成锂离子电池正级材料ＬｉＮｉ２Ｃｏ１－ｘＯ２的方法和工艺。结果表明，合成材料的充放电性能都比较好，ＬｉＮｉ０．３Ｃｏ０．７Ｏ２在６００℃６ｈ－７５０℃１６ｈ时制得的产物初始充电容量达１５４．９３８ｍＡｈ／ｇ，接近用分析纯的镍钴原料合成的正级材料ＬｉＮｉ０．３Ｃｏ０．７Ｏ２的首次充电容量（１５６．１４６ｍＡｈ／ｇ），采用镍钴废液合成锂离子电池正极材料，化害为利，经     

新材料新工艺在新型汽车开发中的应用

讨论各种新型材料 ,包括铝合金、镁合金、高强度钢、超高强度钢和塑料等 ,在汽车制造业中的应用现状和前景。新型材料的推广应用离不开新工艺的发展。亦介绍了液压成形、发泡铝材技术、充液拉深、多点深拉深和拼接技术等新的成形工艺在新型汽车开发中的应用概况。     

有机材料工艺雕刻废气毒害成分分析

应用冷冻预浓缩-气相色谱质谱法对有机材料工艺雕刻废气中的挥发性毒害有机物进行了定性和定量分析。     

水泥材料的污染因子及全过程环境意识评价

针对我国水泥生产的现状，在跟踪水泥生产工艺的基础上，讨论了水泥生产的环境污染问题及环境影响评价的特殊性，并就其中的污染主因子进行了系统分析，提出了控制措施，同时从环境影响的角度探讨了水泥材料的环境意识评价，这对我国大中型水泥企业的环境评价和和环境保护具有指导及借鉴意义。     

多元多相光催化氧化反应器及其对水中2,4-二硝基苯酚有机污染物降解的研究

利用多元多相光催化氧化反应器 ,可更换不同氧化剂、光源、金属氧化物半导体催化膜、电子捕获器 ,进行化学氧化、光氧化、光化学氧化、光催化氧化和光化学催化氧化等 5种类型多种组合试验 ,处理水中难降解有机物效果明显。设备具有持久性、灵活性、捕电性、简易性 ,适用于科研、工程试验中 ,亦可作教学设备     

Life Cycle Assessment as Part of Sustainability Assessment for Chemicals (5 pp)

Background LCA is the only internationally standardized environmental assessment tool (ISO 14040-43) for product systems, including services and processes. The analysis is done ‘from cradle-to-grave’, i.e. over the whole life cycle. LCA is essentially a comparative method: different systems fulfilling the same function (serving the same purpose) are compared on the basis of a ‘functional unit’ - a quantitative measure of this function or purpose. It is often believed that LCA can be used for judging the (relative) sustainability of product systems. This is only partly true, however, since LCA is restricted to the environmental part of the triad ‘environment/ecology - economy - social aspects (including intergenerational fairness)’ which constitutes sustainability. Standardized assessment tools for the second and the third part are still lacking, but Life Cycle Costing (LCC) seems to be a promising candidate for the economic part. Social Life Cycle Assessment still has to be developed on the basis of known social indicators.Method and Limitations LCA is most frequently used for the comparative assessment or optimization analysis of final products. Materials and chemicals are difficult to analyse from cradle-to-grave, since they are used in many, often innumerable product systems, which all would have to be studied in detail to give a complete LCA of a particular material or substance! This complete analysis of a material or chemical is evidently only possible in such cases where one main application exists. But even if one main application does exist, e.g. in the case of surfactants (chemicals) and detergents (final products), the latter may exist in a great abundance of compositions. Therefore, chemicals and materials are better analysed ‘from cradle-to-factory gate’, leaving the analysis of the final product(s), the use phase and the ‘end-of-life’ phases to specific, full LCAs.Conclusion A comparative assessment of production processes is possible, if the chemicals (the same is true for materials) produced by different methods have exactly the same properties. In this case, the downstream phases may be considered as a ‘black box’ and left out of the assessment. Such truncated LCAs can be used for environmental comparisons, but less so for the (environmental) optimization analysis of a specific chemical: the phases considered as ‘black box’ and left out may actually be the dominant ones. A sustainability assessment should be performed at the product level and contain the results of LCC and social assessments. Equal and consistent system boundaries will have to be used for these life cycle tools which only together can fulfil the aim of assessing the sustainability of product systems.