基于最小费用距离模型的生态可占用性分析——以广西西江经济带为例

生态可占用性是指从生态学角度出发,生态系统或者生态空间可以被开发利用的程度,是生态系统本身的属性。论文提出生态可占用性的概念和研究目的,并利用最小费用距离模型,分析了广西西江经济带景观单元的可占用性,提出分区方案。研究表明,可占用性低值区、较低值区、中值区、较高值区和高值区分别占区域总面积的12.17%、18.75%、38.55%、28.69%和1.84%。大部分建设用地分布在较高值区内,其余建设用地中,城镇用地主要分布在高值区,而农村居民点和工矿用地则主要分布在中值区。文章认为,研究能够揭示不同类型建设用地的分布规律和区域生态空间布局;虽然受到源的分布、尺度和空间范围等因素的影响,但所得结论对于引导区域开发、构建生态安全格局具有重要指导意义。     

Ozone sensitivity analysis with the MM5-CMAQ modeling system for Shanghai

Ozone has become one of the most important air pollution issues around the world. This article applied both O3/(NOy-NOx) and H2O2/HNO3 indicators to analyze the ozone sensitivity in urban and rural areas of Shanghai, with implementation of the MM5-CMAQ modeling system in July, 2007. The meteorological parameters were obtained by using the MM5 model. A regional emission inventory with spatial and temporal allocation based on the statistical data has been developed to provide input emission data to the MM5-CMAQ modeling system. Results showed that the ozone concentrations in Shanghai show clear regional differences. The ozone concentration in rural areas was much higher than that in the urban area. Two indicators showed that ozone was more sensitive to VOCs in urban areas, while it tended to be NOx sensitive in rural areas of Shanghai.     

Applying model simulation and photochemical indicators to evaluate ozone sensitivity in southern Taiwan

Ozone sensitivity was investigated using CAMx simulations and photochemical indicator ratios at three sites (Pingtung City, Chao- Chou Town, and Kenting Town) in Pingtung County in southern Taiwan during 2003 and 2004. The CAMx simulations compared fairly well with the hourly concentrations of ozone. Simulation results also showed that Pingtung City was mainly a volatile organic compounds (VOC)-sensitive regime, while Chao-Chou Town was either a VOC-sensitive or a NOx-sensitive regime, depending on the seasons. Measurements of three photochemical indicators (H2O2, HNO3, and NOy) were conducted, and simulated three transition ranges of H2O2/HNO3 (0.5–0.8), O3/HNO3 (10.3–16.2) and O3/NOy (5.7–10.8) were adopted to assess the ozone sensitive regime at the three sites. The results indicated that the three transition ranges yield consistent results with CAMx simulations at most times at Pingtung City. However, both VOC-sensitive and NOx-sensitive regimes were important at the rural site Chao-Chou Town. Kenting Town, a touring site at the southern end of Taiwan, was predominated by a NOx-sensitive regime in four seasons.     

A kinetic model of Ti（IV）-catalyzed H2O2/O3 process in aqueous solution

A kinetic model for the Ti(IV)-catalyzed H₂O₂/O₃ process was established, and the experimental results demonstrated that the model could well describe this ozone-based oxidative system mathematically and chemically.     

综合权重-静态水量区域水质评价方法研究

建立了水质与静态水量、动态水资源量、社会经济和生态环境相结合的区域水环境质量综合权重评价新方法,即用动态水量权重、社会经济权重和生态环境权重之和作为综合权重,根据各个监测断面水质和该断面所代表的用综合权重加权后的静态量,以某类别水质的各监测断面代表的加权后的静态量之和占评价区域各类断面代表的加权后的静态水量总量分比来表...     

超声波-臭氧破解剩余污泥技术的初步研究

剩余污泥的处理与处置是我国和世界面临的重要环境课题.文章初步研究了臭氧、超声波及其组合工艺对剩余污泥的破解作用,考察了反应时间、臭氧流量、超声功率对污泥破解效果的影响.研究表明:臭氧流量为7I/min时破解效果最好,反应40min,SCOD、NH3-N、TN和TP分别比反应前提高了586%、178%、522%和1781...     

光催化反应器中臭氧产量及其影响因素研究

二氧化钛光催化降解染料废水具有反应迅速、降解彻底的优点.文章以悬浮态TiO2作为自制紫外光催化反应器(145W,185W)的催化剂,处理通有定量夺气的清水来产生微量的臭氧,通过改变臭氧捕捉方式、初始pH值、反应时间、TiO2用量及光照强度,研究纯水中臭氧产量及pH与上述因素之间的关系,并以循环伏安法作为对照.单因素实验...     

紫外光度法臭氧分析仪性能检查与问题处理

通过对Dasibi紫外光度法臭氧分析仪日常运行维护技术的归纳、统计和总结,整理了仪器性能检查和问题处理方法。希望对仪器的正常维护使用提供一些有益的参考。     

基于ESDA-GIS的黑龙江省区域经济差异研究

文章以黑龙江省81个县(市、区)为基本空间单元,在ArcView GIS软件和GeoDA空间统计分析软件的支持下,利用2009年黑龙江省县域人均GDP数据,对黑龙江省县域经济差异进行分析,分析结果表明:黑龙江省2009年总体经济差异较大,经济重心、人口重心和几何中心均有较大偏移,总体上黑龙江省2009年经济空间差异较大;全局Moran’s I指数为0.387 6,空间自相关特性明显,经济发展水平相似的地区在空间上集中分布。在此基础上绘制了局域Moran’s I散点图和LISA集聚图,并采用空间插值获得局域I值分异图。