丹河晋城段水质评价及变化趋势分析

采用综合水质标识指数法对丹河晋城段在2006年-2010年间6个断面水质进行了综合评价,分析结果表明6个断面水质在2010年均能达标,各类水质污染物中,氨氮在丹河晋城段超标范围最广,超标程度较深,是影响丹河水质的主要污染物。同时应用Speraman秩相关系数法对丹河晋城段6个断面在近5年间的水质变化趋势进行探究,分析结果表明丹河晋城段6个断面中水东桥和后寨两个断面水质呈显著好转趋势,其它4个断面水质变化比较稳定。     

城市污水水质水量变化及生活污染源污染特征研究

在收集西安市污水处理厂近年来水质水量监测数据的基础上,统计分析污水处理厂水量水质的变化规律,并通过对不同生活污水污染源的现场监测,研究各类生活污水污染源的污染强度和污染特征,识别重点生活污染源。研究结果表明,西安市主要污水处理厂近年来进水量逐年增大,且进水水质逐年恶化,其中COD、SS和NH3-N浓度逐年增加,TP浓度年际变化较小;城市污水的水质水量随季节波动变化,西安市城市污水水量以及COD、SS和NH3-N等水质指标在7-9月份及春节期间出现高峰,这与季节及年节导致的用水量变化有关,但年内TP浓度均在10 mg/L以下,波动较小;生活类污染源中污染物浓度因行业不同而异,餐饮业、学校、住宿业及生活小区是生活类污染源中的＂高污染＂行业,加强对上述行业的监管力度,从源头消减污染物对于节能减排具有重要的现实意义。     

我国湖泊富营养化效应区域差异性分析

通过分析我国湖泊富营养化相关指标的区域差异性,发现在相同营养物质条件下,浮游藻类生物量却有所差异,说明不同区域浮游藻类对营养物质总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）的利用效率存在显著的区域差异性.利用SPSS中的曲线估计功能,分析我国不同湖泊区域lg Chl-a分别与lg TN和lg TP的线性方程,通过比较线性方程的斜率分析不同湖泊区域浮游藻类对营养物质TN和TP的利用效率,蒙新高原、云贵高原、东北平原-山地、长江中下游平原及华北平原,lg Chl-a与lg TP线性方程的斜率由高到低依次为1.002、0.817、0.761、0.545、0.250.lg Chl-a与lg TN线性方程的斜率由高到低依次为1.401、1.058、0.447、0.239、0.099,分别为长江中下游平原、云贵高原、华北平原、东北平原-山地及蒙新高原.由此可见,东北平原-山地和蒙新高原TP对浮游藻类生长的影响大于TN,而在华北平原、长江中下游平原和云贵高原,TN对浮游藻类生长的影响大于TP.另一方面,通过分析浮游藻类生物量与水体透明度之间的相关性,阐明藻类生长繁殖对不同区域湖泊水体透明度影响的区域差异性,结果表明,湖泊中浮游藻类生长繁殖对水体透明度影响最大的是云贵高原,其次是东北平原-山地、蒙新高原和华北平原,长江中下游平原水体透明度与浮游藻类生物量之间没有显著相关性.     

Determinants on Rural-Urban Labor Migration in China: Empirical Analysis on the Effect of Rural Cooperate Medical Insurance based on Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data

Abstract

This paper studies factors influencing rural-urban labor migration in China, particularly the implementation of rural cooperative medical insurance (RCMI) in the year 2003. With the support of data analysis from the year 2000, 2004 and 2006, clear linear correlations are found between gender, income, health condition and rural-urban labor flow, whereas the impact of education and employment status are more complicated. More importantly, results from regression show that the establishment of RCMI in countryside of China not only inhibits rural residents from seeking employment outside the village, but also pulls back rural people who have already worked in cities. When regional dimension is concerned, the pure composite effect of RCMI on rural labor flow is less significant in coastal areas with better economic performance and medical service.     

Review on Quantitative Research Methods of Regional Sustainable Development in China

Abstract

Since the 1990s, with the in-depth study and understanding of sustainable development, quantitative study of regional sustainable development (RSD) was increasingly hot in China. Based on quantitative study of RSD from Core Periodical in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1992–2008), statistical analysis on the annual distribution, periodicals distribution and changes of the distribution were made. And from perspectives of social–economic, ecological, systematic and emerging methods, the course, problems and trends of the quantitative study methods on RSD were examined and analyzed to get a clear summary. By the review, the context on the quantitative study of RSD was to be clarified. The study also showed that, primarily, fields involving quantitative study are expanding; second, big progresses and constant development have been made on the systematic method gradually sophisticated, the flourishing ecological method and emerging new methods in the context of cross and integration which has made complex integrated systems a more satisfactory solution; third, the method system has been more multi-angled, and the clues of independent innovation have been observed despite the fact that the introduction of imported method is the main trend. Although many problems exist, multi-scale study, dynamic timeseries study and inter-regional comparative study will be further exploited and increasingly carried out with the progress of spatial information technology, which would boost the development and application of new methods in RSD study.     

The Factor Decomposition on Carbon Emission of China — Based on LMDI Decomposition Technology

Abstract

Carbon emission is the current hot issue of global concern. How to assess various contributing factors for carbon emission is of great importance to find out the key factors and promote carbon emission reduction. In this paper, the author constructs an identical equation for carbon emission, based on the economic aggregate, the economic structure, the efficiency of energy utilization, the structure of energy consumption, and the coefficient of carbon emission; by applying to LMDI decomposition technology, the author analyzes the carbon emission of China from 1995 to 2007 at industrial level and regional level. The results show that the expansion of economic aggregate is the main reason for China’ s rapidly increasing carbon emission and the increase of energy utilization efficiency is the key factor that can hold back the increase of carbon emission. In addition, the change of industrial structure or regional structure and the change of traditional energy structure have limited influence on the carbon emission, and their potentials have not yet been exploited. At the end of this paper, the author proposes the efforts that China should make to reduce carbon emission.     

On the Regional Coordinated Development Between Tourism Human Resource and Tourism Industry in China

Abstract

Tourism is one of the typical labor intensive industries and tourism human resource (HR) is the main factor for regional discrepancy of tourism industry. The paper takes China as research region and evaluates the level of tourism HR and the level of tourism industry of 31 provinces respectively. First, the paper constructs evaluation index of regional tourism industry and tourism HR. Then, the paper gets the evaluation scores of every province by applying the principal components analysis and statistical package for the social sciences processing. Second, the paper builds the tourism development-tourism HR matrix and divides the matrix into four quadrants. Finally, the paper points out the problems of tourism HR that exist in the 31 provinces and puts forward development strategy.     

Can regional economy influence China’s water use intensity?: based on refined LMDI method

China experienced a decline of water use intensity in the 11th Five Year Plan, but the water use intensity actually increased in 2009. To the best of our knowledge, the index decomposition analysis method was rarely used to analyze changes in water use, and no decomposition analysis has investigated the role of regional economy in the decline of water use intensity. In this paper, we use logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) techniques to decompose the change of water use intensity in the period 2006–2010. We find that the change of industrial water use intensity is confirmed as the dominant contributor to the decline in the overall water use intensity; the regional structure effect and the industrial structure effect is positive to the decline of overall water use intensity; the decline of China’s water use intensity is mainly attributed to the effect of developed eastern provinces; meanwhile, the effect of central and undeveloped western is also positive to the decline of overall water use intensity; at least one out of three effects is positive to the decline of water use intensity in the different provinces; the intensity effect is positive and the industrial structure effect is positive to the declines of China’s water use intensity based on chaining approach except the period 2008–2009, individually; and the deviation of regional structure effect and industrial structure effect between with regional economy and without regional economy in LMDI is 0.9 and 2.3 m³/10⁴ RMB, respectively.     

Comparative experimental analysis of the effect of convective heat losses on the performance of parabolic dish water heater

This paper reveals comparative experimental analysis of the effect of variation of natural and forced convection heat losses on the performance of prototype parabolic dish water heater with coated and non-coated receivers. With the above-described system, hot water needs in domestic applications can be fulfilled instantly. A parabolic dish collector was used for instant water heating. Design of solar parabolic dish collector consists of truncated cone-shaped helical coiled receiver made up of copper at focal point. Instantaneous efficiency of 63% and 48% has been achieved with coated and non-coated receivers. This prototype has been evaluated for its performance with water flow rate of 0.0076 kg/s during the months of April and May 2010 at Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India (latitude: 16.42° North, longitude: 74.13° West).     

Spatio-temporal variation of near-surface wind speed over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1970 to 2020北大核心CSCD

基于1970-2020年青藏高原区域及其附近154个气象站点的风速风向观测数据,采用线性拟合等方法,分析该地区年平均和季节平均近地面风速的时空分布特征和日变化特征.结果表明:(1)青藏高原区域1970-2020年年均风速在0.6-4.2m/s之间,青藏高原主体年均风速较高,高原周边地区风速较低;(2)青藏高原区域1970-2020年间近地面风速呈极显著下降趋势,2000年以后呈极显著增加趋势;(3)青藏高原区域1970-2020年间近地面风速春季最大,冬、夏次之,秋季最小,不同季节平均风速均是高原主体大于高原周边,4个季节的平均风速均呈极显著降低趋势,春季平均风速降低的速率最大;(4)大气环流驱动力的减弱可能是青藏高原区域地面风速呈减弱趋势的主导性因素.青藏高原近地面风速显著的变化特征可为青藏高原风能资源开发利用、农林生态系统开发与保护等提供科学依据.(图5参46)