高强钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆加固钢筋混凝土板的抗爆性能数值分析

为研究高强钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆加固混凝土板的抗爆能力,用混凝土HJC动力本构模型,建立了混凝土板、炸药及考虑空气介质影响的流固耦合有限元计算模型。用动力分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,对在爆炸荷载作用下加固前、后混凝土板的破坏形态和抗爆性能进行了数值分析。研究结果表明:混凝土板用高强钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆加固后,抗爆炸冲击能力明显提高。当小药量爆炸时,板顶、板底同时加固的效果明显优于板底单一加固;当药量较大时,板顶、板底同时加固的效果与板底单一加固相差不大。     

加筋土边坡临界滑动场

在分析加筋土边坡稳定性时,将加筋材料的作用视为施加于滑面上的等效力,建立了满足力平衡的加筋土边坡安全系数的计算格式;将边坡临界滑动场数值模拟方法进行推广,提出了基于力平衡的加筋土边坡临界滑动场计算方法,可以得到形状任意的临界滑动面及边坡最小安全系数。通过算例,比较加筋前后临界滑动面和安全系数的变化,并探讨了加筋水平间距、强度、长度对加筋土边坡稳定性的影响。     

梁锚结构加固浅埋隧道洞口软弱地层的承载特性研究

针对隧道洞口埋深浅且软弱围岩稳定性差这一问题,提出在地表增设混凝土框架梁,设置扩大头锚杆与框架梁连接并深入软弱围岩,运用数值模拟分析“混凝土框架梁-扩大头锚杆”结构加固软弱地层后的力学特性。研究结果表明：采用“混凝土框架梁-扩大头锚杆”加固隧道洞口软弱地层,k=0.4时,相比于没有加固对照模型,隧道最大拱顶沉降值下降68.7%,隧道最大边墙收敛值下降15.1%,初期支护最大等效应力减小12.7%;建立不同加固区围岩松动压力分散系数k下的数值模型,通过拱顶沉降结果与加固区围岩松动压力分散系数的线性拟合,提出采用加固结构后的隧道拱顶沉降规律与围岩松动压力计算方法。     

模拟酸雨对混凝土影响的研究

采用周期浸泡和喷淋试验等２种加速腐蚀试验方法,分别研究ＰＨ为１．０、３．５、５．６和ＰＨ为１．０、ＳＯ＾２－４为０、０．０６、０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ等６种模拟酸雨对混凝土的影响。     

Use of wastes derived from earthquakes for the production of concrete masonry partition wall blocks

Utilization of construction and demolition (C&D) wastes as recycled aggregates in the production of concrete and concrete products have attracted much attention in recent years. However, the presence of large quantities of crushed clay brick in some the C&D waste streams (e.g. waste derived collapsed masonry buildings after an earthquake) renders the recycled aggregates unsuitable for high grade use. One possibility is to make use of the low grade recycled aggregates for concrete block production. In this paper, we report the results of a comprehensive study to assess the feasibility of using crushed clay brick as coarse and fine aggregates in concrete masonry block production. The effects of the content of crushed coarse and fine clay brick aggregates (CBA) on the mechanical properties of non-structural concrete block were quantified. From the experimental test results, it was observed that incorporating the crushed clay brick aggregates had a significant influence on the properties of blocks. The hardened density and drying shrinkage of the block specimens decreased with an increase in CBA content. The use of CBA increased the water absorption of block specimens. The results suggested that the amount of crushed clay brick to be used in concrete masonry blocks should be controlled at less than 25% (coarse aggregate) and within 50-75% for fine aggregates.     

Effect of cement content and recycled rubber particle size on the performance of rubber-modified concrete

According to the Rubber Manufacturer’s Association, the United States generated 3664 thousand metric tons of scrap tires in 2015. While most waste tires are repurposed, approximately 409.5 thousand metric tons were disposed in landfills. This study investigates an alternative use of the waste tires as a replacement of natural aggregates in concrete mixtures. This study investigated fresh concrete properties and compressive strength. Different coarse and fine aggregate rubber particle sizes were evaluated: 19-mm tire chips (TCs) and 30-mesh crumb rubber (CR). TCs were used to replace coarse aggregates, while CR was used to replace fine aggregate in the concrete mixtures in increments of 10% by volume. Concrete strength loss was reduced with a fine aggregate replacement with CR as opposed to greater losses of strength exhibited by a coarse aggregate replacement with TCs. Adequate strengths were achieved at replacement levels as high as 40% by volume with CR, whereas satisfactory strengths were achieved with only a 10% replacement of coarse aggregates with TCs. Acceptable strengths were obtained from mixtures utilizing a combination of the two rubber sizes. Cement content was observed to have greater influence on rubberized concrete compressive strength at lower rubber contents than higher levels.     

钢管陶粒混凝土柱火灾后轴压性能试验研究

对26根受火后的钢管陶粒混凝土短柱进行了轴压力学性能试验,试件考虑了钢管的几何参数、陶粒混凝土配合比及火灾条件等因素的变化。基于试验结果,分析了轻骨料钢管混凝土短柱受火后的轴压承载力、破坏形态及其他力学性能的变化及相关参数的影响规律。所讨论的主要影响参数包括试验最高炉温、最高炉温持续时间、钢管长细比、混凝土配合比等,并基于对试验数据的分析给出了轻骨料钢管混凝土短柱火灾后轴压承载力的计算公式。结果表明,以轻质材料———陶粒为骨料制成的钢管混凝土短柱受火后仍然具有较高的承载力和良好的延性,而当钢管表面响应温度超过500℃时,试件的轴压承载力出现了明显的下降。所给出的轻骨料钢管混凝土柱火灾后的轴压承载力计算公式可作为该类构件火灾后修复计算的参考依据。     

受火钢筋混凝土柱三维温度场的数值模拟

受火构件内部温度场随时间和空间的变化规律对结构和构件的高温响应和抗火性能是至关重要的。应用通用有限元分析程序ABAQUS,对火灾下钢筋混凝土柱的二维温度场和三维温度场进行了有限元分析计算。所得计算结果与相关试验数据吻合,证明了通过通用有限元软件对钢筋混凝土结构进行三维温度场分析的可行性,也为混凝土结构在高温下以及高温后的三维响应分析提供了理论依据。     

高温后足尺有粘结预应力混凝土梁板力学性能研究

针对足尺有粘结预应力混凝土梁板高温后的抗弯承栽力开展了非线性计算分析。结果表明,综合配筋指标、有效预应力对高温后极限弯矩与常温下极限弯矩比值M_u~A/M_u的影响不大,预应力度和预应力筋的保护层厚度对M_u~A/M_u影响显著。高宽比近似相同的有粘结预应力混凝土梁,当第一排钢筋的保护层厚度相同时,受火时间为3 h,高度为700 mm的梁高温后截面承栽力下降幅度最大约为30%,高度为4500 mm的梁高温后截面承栽力下降幅度不到10%,高温后大尺度梁的力学性能优于小尺度梁。给出了考虑预应力筋保护层厚度和预应力度影响的有粘结预应力混凝土板M_u~A/M_u的计算公式,以及综合考虑预应力筋、非预应力筋合力点到梁底距离和预应力筋梁侧保护层厚度影响的有粘结预应力混凝土梁M_u~A/M_u的计算公式。     

火灾下配有钢管的钢骨混凝土柱温度场有限元分析

利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立了配有钢管的SRC柱温度场的有限元分析模型,模拟火灾作用下各个时刻构件的三维温度场分布,并利用试验结果对模型进行了验证,计算结果与实验结果吻合良好。在此基础上,分析了截面周长、型钢含钢率和截面核心面积比对构件温度场的影响规律。研究成果为进一步深入研究配有钢管的SRC柱高温下的力学性能创造了条件。