Rapid determination of phenolic compounds in water samples by alternating-current oscillopolarographic titration

A rapid, simple and sensitive method was demonstrated for the determination of phenolic compounds in water samples by alternating-current oscillopolarographic titration. With the presence of sulfuric acid, phenol could be transferred into a nitroso-compound by reacting with NaNO2. The titration end-point was obtained by the formation of a sharp cut in the oscillopolarographic with infinitesimal NaNO2 on double platinum electrodes. The results showed that phenol concentration had an excellent linear relationship over the range of 4.82×10-6-9.65×10-3 mol/L, the RSD of the proposed method was lower than 1.5%, and the spiked recoveries of three real water samples were in the range of 95.6%-106.9%.     

天津市夏季城区道路不同车道积尘负荷的关系

采用改进的移动式铺装道路积尘采样方法于夏季采集天津市城区不同类型道路各车道的道路积尘样品,计算出积尘负荷,并分析积尘负荷的变化规律。结果表明：天津市区外环线、快速路、主干道、次干道和支路的路面积尘负荷分别为0.06、0.10、0.21、0.22和0.28 g·m-2,天津市道路路面积尘污染强弱顺序为支路 >次干道 >主干道 >快速路 >外环线;对于次干道与支路,不同车道路面积尘负荷差异不大;对于外环线（1车道除外）、快速路和主干道,越接近道路中央积尘负荷越小,且4车道（即慢车道）积尘负荷与其他各车道积尘负荷之间存在线性关系。     

低碳经济与四川生态省建设

本文从分析低碳经济与生态省建设的关系入手,明确提出发展低碳经济是建设生态省的重要途径的论点,并结合国内外发展低碳经济背景及四川省省情,简要阐述了四川省发展低碳经济的紧迫性、有利条件和发展现状,最后从生态省建设入手,对四川省低碳经济发展提出了建议。     

Boundary spanners as trust ambassadors in collaborative natural resource management

Collaboration is a growing trend in agency-led natural resource management in the USA, carrying the promise of defusing conflict and incorporating a broader range of stakeholder ideas. However, concerns exist that confrontational or litigious groups may use collaborative forums to their organization's own advantage. We conducted case studies on three collaboratives to understand how these efforts have influenced the behavior of environmental groups who were previously at odds with the managing agency, the US Forest Service. Results suggest that trust between boundary spanners from historically adversarial groups can support a realignment of the accountabilities they feel. As rational, affinitive, and procedural trust developed, boundary spanners began to advocate, within their home organizations, for the collaborative's goals. Key activities driving these realignments included the development of fair and transparent procedures governing the collaborative group, structured interaction designed to build consensus, and planned informal interactions that revealed shared values among collaborative participants.     

A Hydrologic Data Screening Procedure for Exploring Monotonic Trends and Shifts in Rainfall and Runoff Patterns

A thorough understanding of past and present hydrologic responses to changes in precipitation patterns is crucial for predicting future conditions. The main objectives of this study were to determine temporal changes in rainfall‐runoff relationship and to identify significant trends and abrupt shifts in rainfall and runoff time series. Ninety‐year rainfall and runoff time series datasets from the Gasconade and Meramec watersheds in east‐central Missouri were used to develop data screening procedure to assess changes in the rainfall and runoff temporal patterns. A statistically significant change in mean and variance was detected in 1980 in the rainfall and runoff time series within both watersheds. In addition, both the rainfall and runoff time series indicated the presence of nonstationary attributes such as statistically significant monotonic trends and/or change in mean and variance, which should be taken into consideration when using the time series to predict future scenarios. The annual peak runoff and the annual low flow in the Meramec watershed showed significant temporal changes compared to that in the Gasconade watershed. Water loss in both watersheds was found to be significantly increasing which is potentially due to the increase in groundwater pumping for water supply purposes.     

有机食品发展与生态保护政策相关性分析

通过对有机食品发展与“三农“问题、生物多样性保护、生态省建设、清洁生产、食品安全等国家生态保护政策之间的相关性进行了分析.在我国积极发展有机食品,是在农业领域内贯彻国家生态保护政策的具体体现.     

"九寨天堂"与九寨沟景区的互动关系

九寨天堂国际会议度假旅游中心与九寨沟景区之间存在着良性的互动关系。“九寨天堂”的开发对九寨沟景区起着积极的推动作用，九寨沟景区的发展对“九寨天堂”也有着直接的推进作用和内在优化功能，通过探讨两者之间的互动关系，旨在提出它们的良性互动模式及对策。     

基于"泛珠三角"区域合作的云南省地缘经济关系

“泛珠三角”是在经济全球化和区域经济一体化背景下产生的。实现区域整合发展,达到整体利益最大化,不但有利于增强各省区经济社会发展的活力,而且有利于提升区域综合竞争力,参与世界分工。基于前期设计的区域间地缘经济关系测度和分析方法,对云南省基于“泛珠三角”区域合作的地缘经济关系进行了数量测度、类型判别、评价和分析,以期达到指导云南省发展策略的制定,参与区域经济合作的目的。     

Climate Change in Southern and Eastern Africa During the Past Millennium and its Implications for Societal Development

Climatic records from equatorial eastern Africa and subtropical southern Africa have shown that both temperature and the amount of rainfall have varied over the past millennium. Moreover, the rainfall pattern in these regions varied inversely over long periods of time. Droughts started abruptly, were of multi-decadal to multi-centennial length and the changes in the hydrological budget were of large amplitude. Changing water resources in semi-arid regions clearly must have regional influences on both ecological and socio-economic processes. Through a detailed analysis of the historical and paleoclimatic evidence from southern and eastern Africa covering the past millennium it is shown that, depending on the vulnerability of a society, climatic variability can have an immense impact on societies, sometimes positive and sometimes disastrous. Therefore, the interconnected issue of world ecosystem and social resilience is the challenge for decision-makers if sustainable development is to be reached on global and local levels.     

石家庄市主要农作物灌溉节水潜力研究

利用田间作物灌溉试验数据，对作物单产产量与需水量的关系进行了模拟，并据此以县域为单元，计算了1984～2001年石家庄市主要农作物冬小麦、夏玉米和棉花获得逐年实际产量的理论总需水量、理论灌溉总需水量、实际灌溉用水量，测算了3种作物灌溉节水的空间。结果表明，1984～2001a。按照节水高效试验所得的产量需水模式。获得石家庄市3种主要作物产量的理论需水总量为23-29亿m^3／a，理论灌溉需水总量为8．8-13．8亿m^3／a，实际灌溉用水量平均约为17亿m^3／a，农业年均超采地下水5．67亿m^3／a。按照目前的种植结构和产量水平，石家庄市今后作物灌溉节水的理论上限为9亿m^3／a。即使加大节水投入，实现最大节水潜力的一半。仍不能弥补目前地下水的超采量。在2010年实现南水北调，部分城市用水归还农业用水，且实现最大节水潜力的一半的情况下，水资源方能勉强维持平衡。因此，石家庄市今后应一方面加大农业节水投入和管理。另一方面，也应根据水资源承载力适当减少高耗水的冬小麦播种面积，同时全面建设节水型社会，方能实现可持续发展。