Vegetation monitoring using different scale of remote sensing data

This work sets out to simulate landscape model of Mu Us Desert in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China at different spatial resolution using remote sensing images and distinguished landscape heterogeneity among different spatial resolutions. Landscape models were created from classification image of SPOT satellite data with 20m resolution and NOAA data with 1 km resolution. This study created landscape models of different scales by resampling the SPOT classified image using majority rule. The pixel resolution was increased from the finest scale of 20m by 20m up to 1000m by 1000m that was the coarsest spatial resolution. The Shannon diversity index was used to compare landscape models between different scales. At the finer scale the verify small patches such as deciduous forest, shrub and reedswamp with high vegetation coverage set on matrices with low vegetation cover (moving sand dune and sparse grassland) were verified. Broadening of scale resulted to the loss of small patches and at 1000m resolution, matrix classes were dominant. At 1km resolution of NOAA data, the matrix classes which greatly related to the topography of Mu Us Desert were detected. Diversity index decreased during scale broadening and the difference between SPOT 1km scale model and AVHRR data was not significant. The results showed that SPOT 20m model is good for the use of ecotone oriented revegetation planning, and NOAA 1km model is good for the seasonal and annual monitoring of each landscape unit, and revegetation planning at the regional level.     

基于3S技术的环境污染治理对策论应用模型研究

探讨了基于3S技术的现代空间信息系统支持下的对策论多元合作对策费用分摊策略问题。首先．从对策论基本原理出发，分析了费用分摊对策模型。针对大气环境污染防治多元决策问题，提出了采用3S综合集成技术确定污染源及盛行污染路径、确定污染区域面积和污染损失、污染损失费用分摊分析模型与方法。介绍了模型在大气环境污染防治多元决策领域中的应用实例。3S技术为对策论模型提供科学决策数据，有效地解决对策论应用中的瓶颈问题。     

Landscape dynamitic change in Mu Us Desert derived from Landsat TM data

Landscpae ecology emphasizes large areas and ecological effects of the spatial patterning of ecosystem.Recent developments in landscape ecology emphasized the important relationship between spatial patterns and many ecological processes.Quantitative methods in landscape ecology link spatial patterns and ecological processes at broad spatial and temporal scales.In turn the increased attention on temoral change of ecosystem has highlighted the need for quantitative methods that can analyze patterns.This research applies quantitative methods-change detection to assess the ecosystem temporal change in the arid and semiarid area.Remote sensing offers the temporal change of ecosystem on landscape characteristics.     

湖泊富营养化的形成机理与防治对策

分析了湖泊富营养化的形成机理，并从湖泊治理人才队伍的组建、控制目标的设定、外源性营养物质的控制、内源性营养物质的控制、湖泊生物-生态修复、管理等10个方面探讨了富营养化湖泊的防治对策，指出防治湖泊富营养化是一项复杂的系统工程，必须从控制污染源出发，重点开展生物-生态修复、完善管理对策，有计划分层次地逐步实施。     

异龙湖退田还湖及其对策

异龙湖退田还湖应按因地制宜、分期分类实施、适度退耕还湖、恢复湖滨带生态功能和生物多样性、提高湖泊调蓄能力的方针,从生态建设、移民安置、资金筹措等方面作好规划,并在流域的法规政策和具体管理方面采取相应措施。     

磷与湖泊富营养化

阐述富营养化湖泊水体磷的存在形式、来源,磷对湖泊富营养化的影响,提出当前控制富磷污染存在问题,并对除磷措施进行探讨。     

深水湖泊水质模型研究及其在抚仙湖中的应用

本文在深水湖泊的水质模型研究中成功地引入等效混合体积的概念，从而推导，建立一全新、实用的深水湖泊水质模型Ｃｓ＝Ｍｉｎ－ＭｏｕｔＫＶｎｙ＋Ｋ·△Ｑ＋Ｑｏｕｔｆ，并将之应用于抚仙湖。一方面证实了模型的合理性、适应性，另一方面揭示了抚仙湖水质变化的主要特征。     

黑龙江省生态环境现状遥感野外核查

为了解黑龙江省的自然资源及生态环境,对黑龙江省进行了生态环境现状遥感野外核查.在充分论证了核查路线的科学性及合理性后确立了355个核查点,并利用遥感技术和地理信息技术对其进行了复核,核查成果对黑龙江省生态环境的规划、管理和决策起到了辅助作用.     

环滇池区域经济发展中水源地居民的补偿问题探讨

分析了松华坝水源地水源保护政策的效果和农民人均年纯收入水平，认为需建立补偿机制。提出了将原水销售中的部分收入反馈到水源地和往用水城市搬迁移民等补偿方式。     

滇池流域水污染控制工程系统效果分析

按照现状滇池治理的基本框架，以处理设施的效率等为假设条件，建立了分析各种措施系统效果的模型。并对平水年水文年型条件下，2005年的截污、城市污水处理厂、入湖口化学处理等措施进行了分析。结果表明截污、污水处理厂、入湖口化学处理是最有效的。