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921.
Kevin Summers Andrew Robertson Barbara Levinson 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2000,64(1):379-390
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have formed a partnership to establish pilot sites for the development of a network known as the Coastal Intensive Site Network (CISNet). CISNet is composed of intensive, long-term monitoring and research sites around the U.S. marine and Great Lakes coasts. In this partnership, EPA and NOAA are funding research and monitoring programs at pilot sites that utilize ecological indicators and investigate the ecological effects of environmental stressors. NASA is funding research aimed at developing a remote sensing capability that will augment or enhance in situresearch and monitoring programs selected by EPA and NOAA. CISNet has three objectives: 1) to develop a sound scientific basis for understanding ecological responses to anthropogenic stresses in coastal environments, including the interaction of exposure, environment/climate, and biological/ecological factors in the response, and the spatial and temporal nature of these interactions, 2) to demonstrate the value of developing data from selected sites intensively monitored to examine the relationships between changes in environmental stressors, including anthropogenic and natural stresses, and ecological response, and 3) to provide intensively monitored sites for development and evaluation of indicators of change in coastal systems. 相似文献
922.
以南通地区空气自动监测工作为例,从数据应用、人才保障、托管运维、监测因子、数据集成和控制等方面阐述了优化空气自动监测工作相应的对策,以便更好地为环境管理和决策提供有力的技术支持。 相似文献
923.
根据全国饮用水源地调查和现行政策法规,结合江苏省及泰州市饮用水源地专项整治情况,全面分析了饮用水源地防控和预警工作中存在的问题,借鉴国外饮用水源地防控预警的特色做法,阐述了适合中国国情的饮用水源防控及预警的10项保护措施,供环保从业人员参考。 相似文献
924.
925.
对城市生活有机垃圾处理技术现状进行分析的基础上,结合我国国情,提出一种新型的湿式动态厌氧发酵工艺。进一步论述了湿式动态厌氧发酵工艺方案选择,重点介绍该工艺的流程,各部分结构的功能。最后,总结该工艺的优点,对工艺的不足之处进行了探讨并提出相应的处理措施。 相似文献
926.
One Hundred Questions of Importance to the Conservation of Global Biological Diversity 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
W. J. SUTHERLAND W. M. ADAMS R. B. ARONSON R. AVELING T. M. BLACKBURN S. BROAD G. CEBALLOS I. M. CÔTÉ R. M. COWLING G. A. B. DA FONSECA E. DINERSTEIN P. J. FERRARO E. FLEISHMAN C. GASCON M. HUNTER Jr. J. HUTTON P. KAREIVA A. KURIA D. W. MACDONALD K. MACKINNON F. J. MADGWICK M. B. MASCIA J. MCNEELY E. J. MILNER‐GULLAND S. MOON C. G. MORLEY S. NELSON D. OSBORN M. PAI E. C. M. PARSONS L. S. PECK H. POSSINGHAM S. V. PRIOR A. S. PULLIN M. R. W. RANDS J. RANGANATHAN K. H. REDFORD J. P. RODRIGUEZ F. SEYMOUR J. SOBEL N. S. SODHI A. STOTT K. VANCE‐BORLAND A. R. WATKINSON 《Conservation biology》2009,23(3):557-567
Abstract: We identified 100 scientific questions that, if answered, would have the greatest impact on conservation practice and policy. Representatives from 21 international organizations, regional sections and working groups of the Society for Conservation Biology, and 12 academics, from all continents except Antarctica, compiled 2291 questions of relevance to conservation of biological diversity worldwide. The questions were gathered from 761 individuals through workshops, email requests, and discussions. Voting by email to short-list questions, followed by a 2-day workshop, was used to derive the final list of 100 questions. Most of the final questions were derived through a process of modification and combination as the workshop progressed. The questions are divided into 12 sections: ecosystem functions and services, climate change, technological change, protected areas, ecosystem management and restoration, terrestrial ecosystems, marine ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, species management, organizational systems and processes, societal context and change, and impacts of conservation interventions. We anticipate that these questions will help identify new directions for researchers and assist funders in directing funds. 相似文献
927.
SWAT模型在国内外非点源污染研究中的应用进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
模型模拟是定量估算非点源污染负荷的有效工具,也是对其进行规划、控制和管理的前提.近年来SWAT模型在国内外得到了快速的发展和应用,是目前全球评价大范围和环境变化条件下非点源污染问题的一个有效工具.简介SWAT模型的发展历程及原理,概述了SWAT模型目前在国内外的水文评价、污染物流失模拟、输人参数、土地利用及气候变化对水文响应的影响等方面的研究现状,并对SWAT模型的发展方向提出了建议,为模型的进一步完善与应用提供参考.结果显示,SWAT模型对水文评价(如径流量、泥沙量)可得到较好的模拟和预测结果,能够模拟污染物(如农药和化肥)在农田和河网中的迁移过程,模拟与分析土地利用/覆被变化及气候变化对水文过程的影响.模型参数的确定及其对地下水流与溶质运移的模拟是模型的主要问题,需要进一步研究与完善. 相似文献
928.
Fish and seafood are important contributions to a healthy diet, but also contain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) like polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Discrepancies have been found between intake and accumulated levels of POPs, where fish consumers have had similar levels of POPs to the general population. Similarly fish oil consumption has been found to reduce accumulation of POPs. This study examined the accumulation of BDE47 or PCB153 in mice fed diets with different nutritional composition, using female mice with pre-weanling pups exposed through gestation and lactation. A fish-based diet was compared to a standard casein-based rodent diet. All diets had low background levels of environmental contaminants and were spiked with BDE47 or PCB153 to levels representing a realistic (∼0.004 μmol kgbw−1 d) or a high dietary exposure (∼1.3 μmol kgbw−1 d). Accumulation of BDE47 or PCB153 in offspring tissues after 18 d lactation reflected the maternal exposure levels. However, the pups of dams fed a fish-based diet had consistently lower BDE47 accumulation in liver, fat and stomach than pups from casein-fed dams. Similarly the pups of dams fed a high dose of PCB153 in a fish diet also accumulated less PCB153 than pups of the dams fed a casein diet, although not significant. In conclusion, the fish based diets seemed to reduce transfer of BDE47 and PCB153 from dams to pups. The study highlights that in-depth knowledge about nutritional impact on toxicokinetics is of great interest to vulnerable consumers. 相似文献
929.
Toscano P Gioli B Dugheri S Salvini A Matese A Bonacchi A Zaldei A Cupelli V Miglietta F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(5):1174-1182
Observation and characterization of environmental pollution, focussing on Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), in a high-risk industrial area, are particularly important in order to provide indications on a safe level of exposure, indicate eventual priorities and advise on policy interventions. The aim of this study is to use the Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) method to measure VOCs, directly coupled with atmospheric measurements taken on a small aircraft environmental platform, to evaluate and locate the presence of VOC emission sources in the Marghera industrial area. Lab analysis of collected SPME fibres and subsequent analysis of mass spectrum and chromatograms in Scan Mode allowed the detection of a wide range of VOCs. The combination of this information during the monitoring campaign allowed a model (Gaussian Plume) to be implemented that estimates the localization of emission sources on the ground. 相似文献
930.