吸附树脂/铁酞菁对甲基橙的光催化降解

针对铁酞菁在水溶液中易于聚合而降低催化活性,同时在均相光催化体系中分离困难、难以重复利用的问题,将铁酞菁负载在吸附树脂上,制得多相催化剂。该催化剂在可见光的照射下能有效地催化H2O2降解偶氮染料甲基橙。考察了催化剂用量、H2O2投加量、pH值、温度等因素对甲基橙去除效果的影响。结果表明,甲基橙初始浓度为50 mg/L,卤灯功率为100 W,催化剂投加量为1.0 g/L,H2O2用量为0.2 mol/L,pH为3,温度为35℃时,反应10 h,甲基橙去除率达到91%,且催化剂所含铁离子无流失,具有很好的稳定性,可重复使用。     

Synthesis of 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-functionalized Amberlite XAD-4 resin: Applications for the separation and preconcentration of trace metal ions prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

A simple, sensitive column solid-phase extraction procedure for separation and preconcentration of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) in spiked and natural water samples using 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-functionalized Amberlite XAD-4 (XAD-4-DHN) chelating resin prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was discussed. The optimum experimental parameters such as pH, volume of sample and eluent, flow-rates of uptake and stripping, and sorption capacity of the chelating resin, were evaluated. The effect of the electrolytes and the cations on the preconcentration of metal ions was also investigated. The chelating resin could be reused for more than 20 cycles of sorption–desorption without any significant change (<1.0%). Recoveries obtained from this method range from 96 to 102% with R.S.D of 2.50 (n = 4). The detection limits for Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) were found to be 1.9, 0.9, 1.2 µg, and 1.4 µg L^?1, respectively. The proposed method was applied for the determination of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) in spiked, tap water, and river water samples.     

离子交换树脂的污染和复苏工艺探讨

离子交换树脂的污染是纯水制备中不可避免的。为使被污染的树脂得到复苏,恢复其应有的交换能力,文章分析了离子交换树脂被污染的各种原因和中毒的机理,介绍了鉴别污染的方法。并根据有机物污染机理和铁中毒机理采取了相应的解毒和树脂复苏的方法。结果表明:经文中工艺解毒后的树脂重新投入使用效果良好,出水电导率达到0.06μs/Ω.cm。     

T300/QY8911复合材料湿热行为的研究

目的为保证复合材料结构的完整性和使用安全,对树脂基复合材料的湿热行为、湿热环境下的宏观力学性能和物理行为进行研究。方法采用加速老化法,在高温下对T300/QY8911复合材料进行湿热老化行为的研究。借助动态力学热分析(DMTA)、力学性能测试研究湿热条件下的玻璃化转变温度和力学性能的变化规律。结果 T300/QY8911复合材料吸湿率的变化在湿热处理初期符合Fick第二定律,T300/QY8911复合材料的玻璃化转变温度均随着复合材料吸湿率的增加呈下降趋势,在饱和吸湿条件下tanδ峰对应的θg值具有较大的下降幅度,复合材料的拉伸强度和压缩强度均随着湿热处理时间的增加而出现下降,湿热处理条件对复合材料拉伸断裂宏观形貌的影响比较明显,而对复合材料压缩断裂宏观形貌的影响较小。结论 T300/QY8911复合材料在432 h到达饱和吸湿,饱和吸湿率为1.34%,水分子在复合材料中的扩散系数为7.38×10-5 mm2/s,吸湿速率为1.29×10-2 s-1,饱和吸湿条件下T300/QY8911复合材料的θg下降了59.2℃。T300/QY8911复合材料拉伸强度的下降幅度为16.2%,压缩强度的下降幅度为0.6%。     

梯度化环氧涂层的制备与结构研究

目的提高环氧涂层的耐候性能,简化多层涂层体系的施工工艺。方法以氨基官能团硅树脂和聚酰胺为固化剂,共同固化环氧树脂,利用硅树脂中聚硅氧烷链段的表面迁移特性,制备得到一种聚硅氧烷/环氧梯度化层,探讨制备过程中硅树脂的用量和所用溶剂对涂层组成和结构的影响规律,采用扫描电镜-X射线能谱(SEM-EDS)、红外光谱(FTIR)、水接触角等方法对涂层结构进行表征。结果选用氨基官能团硅树脂与聚酰胺质量配比为2:8、二甲苯和正丁醇质量配比为1:1作为溶剂,得到的复合涂层表面富集聚硅氧烷链,同时底面含大量聚酰胺链段,具有链段分布的梯度化的结构。该梯度化清漆涂层经960 h盐雾老化后,无起泡、开裂、锈蚀等现象发生,具有优良防腐性能;经960 h人工加速紫外老化,失光率与色差仅为1%和8.9%,耐候性能优于常规环氧涂层。结论通过氨基官能团硅树脂和聚酰胺共固化,使环氧涂层表面富集聚硅氧烷链段,形成梯度化结构,具有耐候、防腐一体化的功能。     

Assessment of Treatment Alternatives for Laboratory COD Wastewater: a Practical Comparison with Emphasis on Cost and Performance

This study focused on investigation of treatment alternativesfor COD wastewater from academic laboratories, using a number oftechnologies including chemical reduction/precipitation, ion exchange and adsorption by chitosan. Results showed that highconcentrations of 375 mg l^-1 chromium, 1,740 mg l^-1mercury and 993 mg l^-1 silver in COD wastewater can be reduced to 2.34 mg l^-1, 3.65 mg l^-1 and 1.89 mg l^-1 respectively, by the chemical reduction/precipitationprocess. Results from ion exchange at a flowrate of 20 ml min^-1 showed breakthrough effluent concentrations obtainedat 0.59 mg l^-1 chromium, 3.92 g l^-1 mercury and 0.65 mg l^-1 silver corresponding to 75.6 l at 63 hr, 40.8 l at 34 hr and 33.6 l at 28 hr respectively. Kinetic and isotherm studies revealed that chitosan can adsorb Cr⁶⁺, Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ ions most effectively at a flowrate of 20 ml min^-1 and the optimum pH for feed solution is 4. Chitosan column experiments indicated that average effluent concentrations at breakthrough point for chromium, mercury andsilver are 0.76 mg l^-1, 6.04 mg l^-1 and 0.51 mg l^-1 respectively with throughput volumes and retention times of 120 l at 100 hr, 60 l at 50 hr and 48 l at 40 hr. Results of solidification experiments for chemical sludge and residual chitosan based on compressive strength and metal leachabilitytests showed, that the acceptable ranges of the solidificationparameters were: sludge/cement = 0.1–1.0 (weight/weight), water/cement = 0.5–0.6 (weight/weight) and sand/cement = 0.5–3.0 (weight/weight). Operating cost per litre of COD wastewater treated, based on the current prices in Thailand wasfound to be Baht 19.95 for the chemical reduction/precipitationprocess, Baht 96.35 for ion exchange treatment and Baht 18.29 forchitosan adsorption.     

水杨酸生产废水的治理与资源化

采用新型超高交联吸附树脂NDA 80 0吸附法处理水杨酸生产废水 ,试验结果表明 ,NDA 80 0超高交联吸附树脂对水杨酸生产废水有良好的处理效果。当进水CODCr值约 2 0 0 0 0mg/L ,苯酚和水杨酸含量分别为 6 0 0 0mg/L和 130 0mg/L左右时 ,经过NDA 80 0树脂一级吸附处理 ,出水的CODCr、苯酚等污染指标均可达到排放标准 ,同时实现了水杨酸生产废水中苯酚和水杨酸等化工资源的生产回用     

气相色谱法测定地下水中氯化苄

建立了气相色谱法测定地下水中氯化苄的方法。选用ＧＤＸ５０２大孔树脂或Ｃ１８小预处理柱吸附浓缩地下水中氯化苄，用苯洗脱，洗脱液注入色谱仪进行分析。方法回收率为８６４９８１％，变异系数＜８％。     

用酚渣油制备酚渣油树脂

用酚渣油为原料，模拟酚醛树脂合成方法，对酚渣油的催化交联、松香改性等化学过程进行了研究，合成出性能良好、可用于制备涂料与胶粘剂的酚渣油树脂。试验结果表明，依照该工艺生产的酚渣油树脂，其主要技术指标达到制备涂料用酚醛树脂的标准，用酚渣油制备的涂料和胶粘剂的性能优于酚醛树脂。     

酚醛树脂生产废水处理工艺

对于COD高达246000mg／L、挥发酚达11000mg／L的酚醛树脂生产废水的处理试验研究表明，采用树脂提取--二次缩合--催化氧化--SBR生化工艺是可行的。100℃下通过9h的延时缩合，可回收树脂25kg／m^3，COD和挥发酚去除率分别为。75％和66％；95--100℃下投药二次缩合4h，COD和挥发酚去除率分别达81％和99％；常温常压下投加二氧化氯1．2kg／m^3，催化氧化4h，COD和挥发酚去除率分别为41％和78％；脱氯混凝后，废水按1：4稀释(降低Cl^-浓度)，控制COD在600mg／L以下，经PAC--SBR生化工艺处理可达标排放。工程实践证明，废水处理效果达到预期目标，其经济技术指标具有先进性。