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171.
腐殖酸树脂处理含Pb^2+、CU^2+、Ni^2+废水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用泥炭为原料制备腐殖酸树脂.在动态条件下,研究了腐殖酸树脂对重金属离子Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的吸附效果及吸附条件.同时探讨了腐殖酸树脂对重金属离子Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的吸附与解吸再生机理,吸附机理研究表明,腐殖酸树脂对重金属离子Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的主要吸附形式为离子交换吸附和络合吸附.结果表明,在废水pH值为5.0~7.0,Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+浓度分别为50 mg/L,经腐殖酸树脂处理,Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+去除率可达98%以上,且处理后废水近中性.含Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+电镀废水经腐殖酸树脂处理后,废水中Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+含量显著低于国家排放标准. 相似文献
172.
水溶液中腐殖酸和苯酚在ZH-02树脂上的双组分吸附 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过苯甲酰基修饰的苯乙烯-二乙烯苯吸附树脂ZH-02对水中腐殖酸和苯酚进行了单组分和双组分的静态吸附.结果表明,在腐殖酸为主要吸附质的二元组分溶液中,对苯酚的吸附量的影响可以利用IAST模型进行预测;而在不存在主要吸附质的二元溶液中,可以用单组分体系的平衡吸附量近似预算双组分竞争体系时各组分的平衡吸附量. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Indigenous soil microorganisms are used for the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in oily waste residues from the petroleum refining industry. The objective of this investigation was to determine the potential of indigenous strains of fungi in soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons to biodegrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty one fungal strains were isolated from a soil used for land-farming of oily waste residues from the petrochemical refining industry in Singapore and identified to genus level using laboratory culture and morphological techniques. Isolates were incubated in the presence of 30 mg/L of phenanthrene over a period of 28 days at 30 degrees C. The most effective strain was further evaluated to determine its ability to oxidise a wider range of PAH compounds of various molecular weight i.e acenaphthene, fluorene, fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(ah)anthracene RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: After 28 days of incubation, 18 of the 21 fungal cultures were capable of oxidising over 50% of the phenanthrene present in culture medium, relative to abiotic controls. Fungal isolate, Penicillium sp. 06, was able to oxidise 89% of the phenanthrene present. This isolate could also oxidise more than 75% of the acenaphthene, fluorene and fluoranthene after 30 days of incubation. However, the oxidation of high molecular weight PAH i.e. chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(ah)anthracene by the Penicillium sp. 06 isolate was limited, where the extent of oxidation was inversely proportional to PAH molecular weight. CONCLUSIONS: Fungal isolate, Penicillium sp. 06, was effective at oxidising a range of PAH in petroleum contaminated soils, but higher molecular weight PAH were more recalcitrant. RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK: There is potential for the re-application of this fungal strain to soil for bioremediation purposes. 相似文献
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本文研究了N_(1923)萃淋树脂对汞(Ⅱ)吸萃的性能、溶液的酸效应、吸附等温线、吸附速率及体系温度等对吸萃分配比的影响.用饱和容量法、等摩尔系列法、斜率法等对吸萃物组成进行了探讨.并用红外光谱法、核磁共振谱法对吸萃机理进行了分析. 相似文献
177.
Summary. Allopatric populations of the leaf beetle Chrysomela lapponica are known to feed upon either willow (Salicaceae) or birch (Betulaceae). This study aimed to elucidate the differentiation
process of these allopatric populations. We investigated whether these allopatric populations specialized on different host
plants are still able to produce fertile offspring when interbreeding. Individuals from a population in Finland (willow specialists)
and one in the Czech Republic (birch specialists) were crossed in laboratory. Hybrid formation succeeded only between females
from the Czech, birch specialized population and males from the Finnish, willow specialized population, while no eggs were
produced by females of the willow specialists having mated males of the birch specialists. Behavioral, morphological, physiological,
and chemical features of the F1 hybrids were studied. The chemical composition of larval defensive secretion and feeding preferences of the resulting F1 hybrids mainly showed similarities with the paternal phenotype, while the area of black coloring on the offspring’s elytra
was intermediate between those of the parental elytra. F1 hybrids did not accept the host plant (birch) of their mothers for feeding and only survived on willow. Thus, since mothers
only lay eggs on birch, we found evidence for a postzygotic isolation mechanism between the individuals of the two investigated
populations: when having been mated with willow specialized Finnish males, the birch specialized Czech mothers place the hybrid
eggs on a plant species (birch), on which the hatching larvae cannot survive. 相似文献
178.
DANNY A. P. HOOFTMAN REGULA C. BILLETER BERNHARD SCHMID MATTHIAS DIEMER 《Conservation biology》2004,18(4):1043-1051
Abstract: The area of Caricion davallianae alliance in Switzerland has been considerably reduced and fragmented during the last 150 years. We assessed the genetic variability, inbreeding level, and among-population differentiation of two common habitat-specific plant species, Carex davalliana SM. and Succisa pratensis Moench, in 18 Caricion davallianae fen meadows subjected to fragmentation. We used a spatial field design of fen systems (six systems total), each consisting of one large habitat island and two small habitat islands. We used allozyme electrophoresis to derive standard genetic parameters ( A, P, HO , HE, FIS, FST ). In Carex we identified a consistently lower A in isolated habitat islands; furthermore, HE was lower in small habitat islands than in large habitat islands. In Succisa we identified a lower HO in small habitat islands than in larger ones. Small habitat islands were marginally significantly differentiated ( FST ) from large islands for Succisa . For both species, no effects were evident for FIS ; therefore, we argue that genetic drift rather than inbreeding is the main cause of the observed differences. The genetic structure of Carex and Succisa in small habitat islands differed from that in large habitat islands, but differences were small. It appears that the observed differences in genetic variability among fen meadows correspond to observed differences in fitness and demographic traits. We show that habitat fragmentation affects not only the rare species in an ecosystem but also reduces the survival probabilities of common species. One of the main goals of conservation should be to mitigate fragmentation of natural habitats in order to increase population sizes and connectivity. 相似文献
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Peter Witzgall Jean-Pierre Chambon Marie Bengtsson C. Rikard Unelius Monica Appelgren Gyorgy Makranczy N. Muraleedharan Darwin W. Reed Klaus Hellrigl Hans-Ruedi Buser Eric Hallberg Gunnar Bergström Miklos Tóth Christer Löfstedt Jan Löfqvist 《Chemoecology》1996,7(1):13-23
Summary The geometric isomers (E,E)-, (E,Z)-, (Z,E)-, and (Z,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate were identified as sex pheromone components or sex attractants in the tribes Eucosmini and Grapholitini of the tortricid subfamily Olethreutinae. Species belonging to the more ancestral Tortricinae were not attracted. Each one isomer was behaviourally active in males ofCydia andGrapholita (Grapholitini), either as main pheromone compound, attraction synergist or attraction inhibitor. Their reciprocal attractive/antagonistic activity in a number of species enables specific communication with these four compounds.Pammene, as well as otherGrapholita andCydia responded to the monoenic 8- or 10-dodecen-1-yl acetates. Of the tribes Olethreutini and Eucosmini,Hedya, Epiblema, Eucosma, andNotocelia trimaculana were also attracted to 8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetates, but several otherNotocelia to 10,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetates. The female sex pheromones ofC. fagiglandana, C. pyrivora, C. splendana, Epiblema foenella andNotocelia roborana were identified. (E,E)- and (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate are producedvia a commonE9 desaturation pathway inC. splendana. CallingC. nigricana andC. fagiglandana females are attracted to wingfanning males. 相似文献