地铁隧道排烟口无量纲结构参数与局部阻力研究*

针对现有行业规范中的排烟口结构参数尚不明确的问题,依托过海瓦贵区间隧道,搭建隧道通风排烟模型实验系统。设定11种排烟口面积工况,结合实验与数值模拟,得到排烟口上、下游的静压值和风速。引入动能修正系数,推导出基于上下游能量差的排烟口局部阻力表达式,绘制出无量纲面积比与局部阻力系数曲线族。研究结果表明:排烟口长宽比值较大时,不利于排烟口下方风流流动;在同一风机组合工况下,当排烟口面积缩小时,局部阻力系数会呈现出先减后增的趋势;提出排烟口最优结构长宽比为1.06。研究结果可为相关规范制定提供参考,并为防灾救灾提供理论支持。     

过滤材料声学性能的实验研究*

为探讨纤维过滤材料的吸声效果,扩展吸声材料的选择范围,并为噪声粉尘一体化控制提供指导,通过实验分析不同等级一般通风用纤维层滤料的过滤性能和吸声性能,研究叠加方式及空腔设置等对滤料吸声性能的影响。研究结果表明:一定条件下,滤料的过滤效率越高吸声性能越好;单层滤料吸声效果较差,通过多层叠加,可显著提升吸声效果,达到吸声材料水平;不同等级滤料组合叠加,按过滤效率降序排列整体吸声性能更好。滤料作为吸声材料应用时,在其后侧设置空腔可明显增强吸声效果;兼顾过滤和降噪时,考虑粗效对中效滤料的保护作用,可在粗效加中效滤料后再附加粗效滤料,达到在不显著增加阻力的同时改善吸声性能的目标。     

五区电除尘技术试验研究及应用

五区电除尘技术是一种新型的电除尘器提效改造技术,由于其性能优良、工作可靠、稳定运行,工程投资少、施工周期短等优点而得到广泛应用。在模拟计算分析其阻力和对气流分布影响的基础上,试验研究其对不同粉尘的收尘性能,结果表明:五区电除尘技术可高效捕集微细、高比电阻粉尘,且设备阻力小,气流分布理想。     

Uncertainty propagation in vegetation distribution models based on ensemble classifiers

Ensemble learning techniques are increasingly applied for species and vegetation distribution modelling, often resulting in more accurate predictions. At the same time, uncertainty assessment of distribution models is gaining attention. In this study, Random Forests, an ensemble learning technique, is selected for vegetation distribution modelling based on environmental variables. The impact of two important sources of uncertainty, that is the uncertainty on spatial interpolation of environmental variables and the uncertainty on species clustering into vegetation types, is quantified based on sequential Gaussian simulation and pseudo-randomization tests, respectively. An empirical assessment of the uncertainty propagation to the distribution modelling results indicated a gradual decrease in performance with increasing input uncertainty. The test set error ranged from 30.83% to 52.63% and from 30.83% to 83.62%, when the uncertainty ranges on spatial interpolation and on vegetation clustering, respectively, were fully covered. Shannon’s entropy, which is proposed as a measure for uncertainty of ensemble predictions, revealed a similar increasing trend in prediction uncertainty. The implications of these results in an empirical distribution modelling framework are further discussed with respect to monitoring setup, spatial interpolation and species clustering.     

Analytical solutions of three-dimensional contaminant transport in uniform flow field in porous media: A library

The purpose of this study is to present a library of analytical solutions for the three-dimensional contaminant transport in uniform flow field in porous media with the first-order decay, linear sorption, and zero-order production. The library is constructed using Green’s function method (GFM) in combination with available solutions. The library covers a wide range of solutions for various conditions. The aquifer can be vertically finite, semi-infinitive or infinitive, and laterally semi-infinitive or infinitive. The geometry of the sources can be of point, line, plane or volumetric body; and the source release can be continuous, instantaneous, or by following a given function over time. Dimensionless forms of the solutions are also proposed. A computer code FlowCAS is developed to calculate the solutions. Calculated results demonstrate the correctness of the presented solutions. The library is widely applicable to solve contaminant transport problems of one- or multiple- dimensions in uniform flow fields.     

雷管内部爆轰波压力测量技术

利用锰铜压阻法对雷管内部不同截面的爆压直接进行测量 ,通过实验实测 ,得到了 8#雷管内部 3个截面处的爆轰压力数据。最后对实验中出现的问题及误差产生的原因进行了较为详细的分析     

植物抗逆性研究进展

本文论述了逆境对植物各方面造成的伤害及植物产生的相应反应 ,重点对植物在生理生化上的变化、对抗性生理领域中的一些学说和最新研究结果作了介绍 ,并指出相生相克现象也可作为抗逆生理的一个方面加以研究 ,概念扩展后的抗逆生理学必将在农业、环保等方面得到更广泛的应用     

大气封闭型扩散浓度估算模式细探

从大气封闭型扩散实际反射路径分析入手,引入上下边界不同的反射率与污染物衰减系数,得出比以往公式更具一般意义的大气封闭型扩散的污染物浓度估算公式,特别适用于边界具有一定吸收能力与污染物质有衰减的情况,从而有效改进污染贡献的估算精度.文中展示的示意图,纠正了以往示意图的错误.      

改善链条炉燃烧的几种有效方法

采用燃煤布湿和安装分层燃烧装置 ,较好地解决了锅炉燃烧不完全的问题 ,降低了煤耗 ,提高了锅炉的热效率     

GD型电除尘器在矿渣烘干机上的应用

简述了1个GD型电除尘器在矿渣烘干机上应用的工程实例.