水电站工程项目区生态环境现状评价方法初探——以开都河柳树沟水电站工程为例

在野外实地调查和遥感影像解译的基础上,采用传统生态学样方调查法和景观生态学生态完整性评价法相结合的方法,对开都河柳树沟水电站工程项目区生态环境现状进行评价.评价结果显示,这种评价方法能更全面有效的对项目区的生态环境现状进行评价.     

恢复生态学研究的一些基本问题探讨

对恢复生态学的研究概况、基本概念、内涵与研究内容以及生态恢复的目标、原则、程序与技术进行了分析与探讨，指出恢复生态学应加强基础理论研究和应用技术研究。生态恢复与重建是指根据生态学原理，通过一定的生物、生态和工程技术，人为地切断生态系统退化的主导因子和过程，调整和优化系统内部及其与外界的物质、能量和信息的流动过程及其时空秩序，使生态系统的结构、功能和生态学潜力尽快成功地恢复到原有的乃至更高水平。     

《中国现代化报告2007——生态现代化研究》述评

《中国现代化报告2007——生态现代化研究》回顾了世界生态现代化的历程，总结了经验，介绍了世界生态现代化的基本原理，分析并评价世界各国生态现代化的水平，进而提出中国生态现代化的战略思考。这个研究报告指出了人类社会发展的方向一一生态现代化，为此我国必须进一步落实科学发展观，加快实施可持续发展战略，充分发挥后发优势，努力实现跨越式发展，走综合生态现代化的道路。     

丛枝菌根在矿区生态重建中的应用及其前景分析

目前国内外矿山复垦研究的新热点是应用现代微生物工艺技术加速新覆盖土的改性与熟化。在总结分析国内外微生物复垦技术研究现状的基础上,对丛枝菌根应用于矿区复垦的前景进行了展望。加快这项技术的应用研究,对拓宽我国科学复垦技术研究领域、提高土地复垦率具有重要意义。     

A Biological Assessment of Streams in the Eastern United States Using a Predictive Model for Macroinvertebrate Assemblages1

Abstract: A predictive model (RIVPACS‐type) for benthic macroinvertebrates was constructed to assess the biological condition of 1,087 streams sampled throughout the eastern United States from 1993‐2003 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water‐Quality Assessment Program. A subset of 338 sites was designated as reference quality, 28 of which were withheld from model calibration and used to independently evaluate model precision and accuracy. The ratio of observed (O) to expected (E) taxa richness was used as a continuous measure of biological condition, and sites with O/E values <0.8 were classified as biologically degraded. Spatiotemporal variability of O/E values was evaluated with repeated annual and within‐site samples at reference sites. Values of O/E were regressed on a measure of urbanization in three regions and compared among streams in different land‐use settings. The model accurately predicted the expected taxa at validation sites with high precision (SD = 0.11). Within‐site spatial variability in O/E values was much larger than annual and among‐site variation at reference sites and was likely caused by environmental differences among sampled reaches. Values of O/E were significantly correlated with basin road density in the Boston, Massachusetts (p < 0.001), Birmingham, Alabama (p = 0.002), and Green Bay, Wisconsin (p = 0.034) metropolitan areas, but the strength of the relations varied among regions. Urban streams were more depleted of taxa than streams in other land‐use settings, but larger networks of riparian forest appeared to mediate biological degradation. Taxa that occurred less frequently than predicted by the model were those known to be generally intolerant of a variety of anthropogenic stressors.     

室内安全生态学研究

从人们最基本的生存需求之一:安全性需要和室内微型生态系统的可持续发展角度出发,对人们所面临的室内环境问题进行总结归纳;在安全生态学意义下对室内环境问题的研究重新进行了分类;在室内环境问题研究方面提出加强室内安全生态学研究的建议。对室内安全生态学研究提出一些新的观点和看法;给出了室内安全生态学的架构体系;较为全面地归纳了室内各方面的环境问题;初步探讨了如何构建室内安全生态学评价的理论体系。     

CONTROL OF LAKE PHOSPHORUS WITH ALUMINUM SULFATE: DOSE DETERMINATION AND APPLICATION TECHNIQUES1

ABSTRACT: Nutrient diversion does not always bring about prompt and sufficient reduction in lake phosphorus concentration due to recycling from nutrient rich sediments. Certain lakes and reservoirs may continue to experience nuisance algal blooms and require additional restorative steps. The phosphorus precipitation/inactivation technique is a procedure to remove phosphorus from the water column and to control its release from sediments in order to achieve P-limiting conditions to algal growth. Aluminum salts have been used in advanced waste water treatment to remove phosphorus and this technology was extended to lake rehabilitation. Guidelines for dose calculation and application are generally lacking, and are provided in this report. The dose determination suggested here allows maximum application of aluminum to bottom sediments and thus emphasizes long term control of phosphorus recycling. Dose can be calculated directly from the alkalinity of the water to be treated. Titration of lake water samples of Varying alkalinity allows the establishment of the relationship between residual dissolved aluminum, alkalinity, and dose which can then be employed for lake scale applications of alum to lakes and reservoirs. Application equipment and procedures are described. These depend on site characteristics and treatment objectives and include lakeside stores, a distribution pipe, and an application barge and manifold. Alum may also be used to meet other restoration objectives including the treatment of problem flows and the reduction of particulate concentrations.     

LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AS AN AID TO LAKE RESTORATION DECISIONMAKING1

ABSTRACT: The choice of a lake rehabilitation technique can be assisted by laboratory experiments concerned with the composition and properties of the sediments. This work on Sawgrass Lake, Pinellas County, Florida, provides an example of the type of laboratory information that can be useful towards making decisions regarding the most effective restorative techniques. Experiments include chemical analysis of sediment (water content, organic content, pesticides, nutrients), rate of sediment compaction and rehydration at ambient conditions, and the effect of treatment with alum and other chemicals.     

Biopotentiality as an index of environmental compensation for composting plants

The Biopotentiality Index is a landscape ecology indicator, which can be used to estimate the latent energy of a given land and to assess the environmental impacts due to the loss of naturalness on a landscape scale. This indicator has been applied to estimate the effectiveness of the measures put in place to provide an environmental compensation for the revamping of a composting plant. These compensation measures are represented by a green belt with a minimum width of 25 m all around the plant, representing both a windbreak and a buffer zone, and by two wide wooded zones acting as core natural areas.This case-study shows that the compensation index could be used as a key tool in order to negotiate the acceptance of waste treatment plant with the population.