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381.
382.
This study reviews research on cash and voucher assistance (CVA) by applying a humanitarian supply chain management perspective. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify, analyse, and synthesise past academic research. The content, context, and process framework was used to structure the content analysis. The findings reveal that the outcomes of CVA programmes are dependent on critical context-specific variables that influence feasibility and operability. Humanitarian actors must consider factors that are external (the nature of disaster, politics, economy, and infrastructure) and internal (local market availability and accessibility, supplier/donor interest, supplier/vendor selection and contracting, and beneficiary preference) to the supply chain. The delivery process is influenced by them, impacting on programme responsiveness and cost-efficiency. The results provide insights that humanitarian practitioners can utilise to reconsider their supply chain strategies when deciding on the selection and implementation of CVA programmes. Potential literature gaps are identified, and recommendations for further research are provided. 相似文献
383.
论述了日本在1995年阪神大地震后城市防震减灾的新思路:用最先进的科学技术抵御自然灾害,提高防震减灾的能力和水平,使抗震工程学和防震工作得以进一步发展。 相似文献
384.
Uscher-Pines L 《Disasters》2009,33(1):1-22
This paper reviews the literature on the effects of post-disaster relocation on physical and mental heath, and develops a conceptual framework to guide future research. Forty articles were selected for full-text review and incorporation into the conceptual framework. Twenty-four articles were reviewed for results and methodology. These overwhelmingly tracked mental health outcomes. Only four (16 per cent) focused on physical health. Eight of ten showed an association between relocation and psychological morbidity. Certain outcomes (such as mortality, injury and cardiovascular disease risk factors) revealed inconsistent results, but these were rarely studied. Despite the frequency of post-disaster relocation and evidence of its effect on psychological morbidity, there is a relative paucity of studies; the few examples in the literature reveal weak study designs, inconsistent results, and inattention to physical health impacts and the challenges facing vulnerable populations. Further research guided by theory is needed to inform emergency preparedness and recovery policy. 相似文献
385.
西方灾害经济学研究的历史回顾 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3
对西方灾害经济学发展的历史作了简要的叙述,对其关心的主要问题作了初步的归纳,并按灾害对经济系统物质方面和制度方面的影响分别对百方灾害经济学研究的历史文献作了综述和评论. 相似文献
386.
Supply chain and logistics issues of bio-energy production 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stefan Gold 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(1):32-42
387.
在化学品登记过程中,涉及一些登记方面的问题和一些审查要点,结合辽宁省的登记体会,探讨对登记工作的新的认识。 相似文献
388.
我国排污许可管理始于20世纪80年代中后期,经历了从探索、停滞到不断发展的历程.为研究我国排污许可的未来发展方向,对我国排污许可发展的历程和存在的问题,以及美国、欧盟等发达国家和地区的经验进行了分析.从我国排污许可的发展历程来看,我国第一阶段排污许可管理立法层次不高,反复试点、推进力度不够,且经济迅速发展导致污染物负荷量不断增长,客观上增加了排污许可实施的难度.“十三五”以来,我国已初步构建了以行业为基础的排污许可管理体系,但也面临着一系列的问题,主要是按行业发放排污许可难以与地表水水质直接挂钩、部分企业排污许可量过大难以约束企业排污、排污许可证核发任务重难以考虑水质达标要求、缺乏基于水质核发排污许可限值的管理实施细则等.针对上述问题,分析了以美国和欧盟为代表的发达国家和地区的排污许可管理经验,表明基于水质达标是实施排污许可管理的基本法律内涵和发展方向.在国内外排污许可发展经验教训总结的基础上,结合我国目前排污许可的实施进展,建议我国逐步实施基于水质的排污许可管理,主要措施有完善基于水质的行政区、流域和控制单元排污许可总量审核系统,编制和修订排污许可证管理相关技术规范,以水质达标为目标完善流域排放标准,完善基于水质的排污许可监管和处罚机制,尽快开展基于水质的排污许可示范,扩大公众参与等.“十四五”时期,建议我国的排污许可制应从重视系统体系构建,逐步过渡到基于水质的排污许可管理,并制订有针对性的管理法规和政策措施. 相似文献
389.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):774-785
In order to reveal the hotspots and trends of biological water treatment from the perspectives of scientific and technological innovation, both of the bibliometric review and patents analysis were performed in this study. The Web of Science Core Collection database and Derwent Innovation Index database recorded 30023 SCI papers and 50326 patents, respectively were analyzed via information visualization technology. The results showed that China ranked the first in both papers and patents, while the United States and Japan had advantages in papers and patents, respectively. It was concluded through literature metrology analysis that microbial population characteristics, biodegradation mechanism, toxicity analysis, nitrogen and phosphorus removal and biological treatment of micro-polluted wastewater were the research hotspots of SCI papers. Activated sludge process and anaerobic-aerobic combined process were the two mainstream technologies on the basis of patent technology classification analysis. Technology evolution path of biological water treatment was also elucidated in three stages based on the citation network analysis. Furthermore, the future directions including research on the law of interaction and regulation of biological phases and pollutants and the technology innovations towards the targeted biotransformation or selective biodegradation of pollutants and resource reuse of wastewater were prospected. 相似文献
390.
同行评估是对国际组织内各个国家的绩效进行评估的技术方法,是鼓励国家间政策对话、提高信息透明度、提高各国管理能力的有效手段,目前已在多个国际组织内得到应用,其中在OECD的应用最为广泛和成熟。本文分析了同行评估的目标、基础和特点,并以同行评估在环境领域的应用为例,对评估的参与方、步骤、内容和发展等进行详解介绍。最后简要介绍环境绩效评估在中国的应用,并对中国参与同行评估提出建议。 相似文献