A room for living: Private and public aspects in the experience of the living room

This paper presents findings from a study on people's uses and experiences of their living rooms. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with sixteen middle-class residents of the Metropolitan New York area. Interviews were conducted in participants' living rooms, and were supplemented by observations, sketches and still-photographs. In the past, social scientists have viewed the living room as serving the purpose of communicating the dwellers' image to guests. Findings from the present study show that dwellers may use their living rooms not only to host guests, but also for their own solitary uses, as well as for sharing time with partners. All uses were found to be meaningful and pertinent to the dwelling experience. Findings also reveal that the living room may provide opportunities for intimacy between dwellers and their partners, as well as between dwellers and their guests. For all participants living rooms contained objects that were highly meaningful to them. It is suggested that objects in the living rooms are used to instigate and mediate contemplation about significant others, as well as to regulate the amount of intimacy desired with guests.     

核电厂主控室数字化对人执行状态评估任务影响

核电厂主控室进行数字化变革后,操纵员执行状态评估任务的方式发生了巨大变化。为了有效地识别及评估数字化对状态评估的潜在影响,以知觉/循环、资源限制等认知理论为基础,以贝叶斯概率网络为工具,建立状态评估可靠度的影响因素模型。定性分析这些因素对状态评估任务的影响机制,并定量比较它们的影响程度。分析结果表明,界面管理任务和任务负荷变迁,对状态评估的影响最为显著。需采取针对性的措施,优先处理这些人因问题,以最大限度地提高数字化核电厂的安全水平。     

房间开门形式对人员疏散的影响分析

采用计算机数值模拟软件FDS+Evac,对房间开门形式对人员疏散的影响进行分析。建立疏散模型,房间人员密度设置3种情况,着重研究了7种开门形式条件下人员疏散过程。研究表明,房间开门总宽度一定时,只设置一道门,疏散效率最高。当房间需要满足设置两道门时,门应尽量设置在房间的两对边墙上,这样疏散效率较高。两道门设置在房间相邻边墙上时最不利于人员疏散。研究结果为房间开门的设计提供了参考依据。     

驾校考场防雷安全设计探讨

随着驾校考试手段的变化,大量电子、通信设备应用于考场,其雷击风险越来越高。做好驾校考场的雷电综合防护工程对避免和减少雷电灾害损失具有重要作用。通过对邹平安星驾校科目二考场项目的防雷工程进行剖析,指出驾校雷电防护要点,就如何做好直击雷、雷电感应和雷击电磁脉冲防护设计进行了初步探讨。按照安全、经济、有效的原则,对邹平安星驾校科目二考场采用避雷线进行直击雷防护,并运用接地、分流、屏蔽、等电位连接、安装电涌保护器等措施进行雷电感应和雷击电磁脉冲防护。该工程经过5年夏季雷暴季节的考验,没有因雷击造成灾害损失。     

甲基橙废水的常温常压催化湿式氧化实验研究

以Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn的金属氧化物为活性组分,以γ-Al2O3为载体,制备了负载型催化剂,并分别以H2O2和NaClO为氧化剂,对比了在常温常压条件下催化湿式氧化工艺中处理甲基橙模拟废水的效果.结果表明,Fe/y-Al2O3催化剂较其他催化剂表现出较好的催化活性和稳定性,H2O2为适宜的氧化剂.在Fe/γ-Al2O3加入量为10g/L,氧化剂H2O2加入量为5 mL/L的条件下,处理甲基橙质量浓度为500 mg/L的模拟废水,其脱色率和COD去除率在3 h内均能达到70%以上.与传统的Fenton试剂法相比,以Fe/γ-Al2O3为催化剂的催化湿式过氧化氢氧化工艺具有矿化程度高,催化剂易回收再用的优点.     

Genome Stability vs. Deprivation or Enrichment of the Geomagnetic Field

Summary This study suggested that cell-cycle kinetics, DNA replication and DNA repair react to magnetic fields differently. During their culture growth cycle, which lasted about five days, Friend erythroleukemia cells were either kept in the absence of magnetic fields in a magnetically shielded room or irradiated in a solenoid with 70 μT at 50 Hz plus 45 μT DC of the Earth: some cells grew without inducer of in vitro differentiation; others were induced to differentiate hemoglobin through dimethylsulfoxide. It emerged that, during a single culture growth cycle, while proliferation was slightly accelerated by the magnetic-field irradiation achieved in the solenoid both in undifferentiating and dimethylsulfoxide-differentiating cells, DNA replication did not appear to significantly depend on the magnetic-field deprivation achieved in the magnetically shielded room. However, as a result of a 318-day long magnetic-field irradiation in the solenoid, DNA replication remained unchanged in undifferentiating cells and partially inhibited in dimethylsulfoxide-differentiating cells. Following the same long magnetic-field irradiation in the solenoid, the amount of labelled repair patches in the parental DNA strands was slightly reduced.     

节能炒灶在厨房环境质量优化中的应用研究

针对高校厨房使用现状,发现旧炒灶存在热效率低、燃烧不充分、炉膛易损、荒火现象严重等问题,导致室内环境质量较差.新型燃气炒灶具有实用性、稳定性、耐久性、安全性、节能环保性等优点,在食堂中具有推广应用价值.阐述了新型炒灶节能原理及技术优势,结合改造工程实际,提出了具体的改造方法及注意事项.测试数据显示,厨房空气质量得到有效改善,节能型炒灶的热效率为91％,节能率为54.5％,具有很好的环境效益和经济效益.     

医用诊断X线机房空气中离子浓度的调查

对乌鲁木齐地区５所医院１所卫生防疫站的医用诊断Ｘ射线机房内空气中正负离子浓度进行了调查，结果表明：透视和摄片机房空气中正负离子浓度分别为４７４±１１８，３１２±１０４（个／ｃｍ３）和４０４±１０１，２５６±７８（个／ｃｍ３）．单极系数（ｎ＋／ｎ－）分别为１．５２和１．５８。正离子浓度均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ｎ＋／ｎ－相当于对照组的１，３７和１．４２倍。开机后空气中正离子浓度显著高于开机前浓度，ｎ＋／ｎ－开机后相当于开机前的１．６６和１．５９倍，呈现出Ｘ线机房空气中正负离子严重失调。提示应加强有害因素的防护。     

两种铜合金复合板带室温轧制成形工艺及结合机制的研究

研究了黄铜 /紫铜 ,黄铜 /白铜复合板带室温轧制成形工艺 ,借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针分析了复合工艺参数对轧制复合后的复合板结构强度的影响 ,确定了最佳复合工艺 ,并对结合机制进行了探讨     

浅谈室内空气污染和防治

简述了室内空气污染的种类及其对人体健康的危害,针对污染种类,从6个方面提出了控制室内空气污染的措施.