Removal of copper ions from aqueous solution by calcium alginate immobilized kaolin

Kaolin has been widely used as an adsorbent to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. However, the lower heavy metal adsorption capacity of kaolin limits its practical application. A novel environmental friendly material, calcium alginate immobilized kaolin (kaolin/CA), was prepared using a sol-gel method. The e ects of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature on Cu2+ adsorption by kaolin/CA were investigated. The Langmuir isotherm was used to describe the experimental adsorption, the maximum Cu2+ adsorption capacity of the kaolin/CA reached up to 53.63 mg/g. The thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption reaction was a spontaneous and endothermic process.     

Effects of Cu（Ⅱ） and humic acid on atrazine photodegradation

This work was designed to explore the characteristics of photodegradation of herbicides in the copper-polluted water body. The results showed that Cu(II) alone could induce a photo Fenton-like reaction to enhance the degradation of atrazine, in which hydroxyl radical ( OH) was a main active species. Humic acids restrained atrazine degradation, nevertheless, when introducing Cu(II), the photodegradation was accelerated, in which singlet oxygen (1O2) replaced OH acting as the prevailing species. A feasible mechanism for the photochemical process was also proposed, which is helpful for better understanding the environmental photochemistry of atrazine in the copper-polluted water.     

Potential particulate pollution derived from UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide

UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was carried out in a static White cell chamber with UV irradiation. The combination of in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), wide-range particle spectrometer (WPS) technique, filter sampling and ion chromatographic (IC) analysis was used to monitor the gaseous and potential particulate products. During 240 min of UV irradiation, the degradation e ciency of DMS attained 20.9%, and partially oxidized sulfur-containing gaseous products, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbonyl sulfide (OCS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were identified by in situ FT-IR and GC-MS analysis, respectively. Accompanying with the oxidation of DMS, suspended particles were directly detected to be formed by WPS techniques. These particles were measured mainly in the size range of accumulation mode, and increased their count median diameter throughout the whole removal process. IC analysis of the filter samples revealed that methanesulfonic acid (MSA), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and other unidentified chemicals accounted for the major non-refractory compositions of these particles. Based on products analysis and possible intermediates formed, the degradation pathways of DMS were proposed as the combination of the O(1D)- and the OH- initiated oxidation mechanisms. A plausible formation mechanism of the suspended particles was also analyzed. It is concluded that UV-induced degradation of odorous DMS is potentially a source of particulate pollutants in the atmosphere.     

Resistance and biosorption mechanism of silver ions by Bacillus cereus biomass

Biosorption of silver ions onto Bacillus cereus biomass was investigated. Overall kinetic experiments were performed for the determination of the necessary contact time for the attainment of equilibrium. It was found that the overall biosorption process was best described by pseudo second-order kinetic model. The crystals detected by scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested the precipitation was a possible mechanism of biosorption. The molecular genetics of silver resistance of B. cereus biomass was also detected and illustrated by a whole cell sensor tool.     

Preliminary report on methane emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir in the summer drainage period

Considerable variations may exist in CH4 emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir.     

三聚磷酸二氢铝对Cs+的吸附动力学和热力学

采用静态吸附法研究三聚磷酸二氢铝吸附铯离子的动力学和热力学.考察了温度、浓度、粒径、pH和搅拌速度对吸附过程的影响,通过不同温度下的吸附等温热力学性能的变化,计算了吸附焓、吸附熵和自由能.结果表明:在实验范围内,三聚磷酸二氢铝对铯离子的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温办程式,过程受颗粒扩散控制,反应级数为1.03,29...     

酵母融合菌对Cr的吸附性能及机理分析

研究了酵母融合菌R32对Cr的吸附性能及机理.结果表明,该菌对Cr(Ⅵ)有着很好的吸附效果,最佳吸附条件为pH≤3,投菌量为l0g/L(含水率(78±2)%),吸附温度30～35℃,Cr(Ⅵ)的初始浓度≤20mg/L.当Cr(Ⅵ)的初始浓度为10mg/L时,总铬及Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率达93.7%和96.5%,总铬的残留浓...     

有机质对土壤气相抽提去除四氯化碳效率的影响

某重要岩溶地下水源地因附近农药厂排放含四氯化碳污水而受到严重污染,实验采用土柱通风试验模拟土壤气相抽提(SVE),研究环境温度为20℃,通风速率为40mL/min,土壤含水率10%,而土壤有机质含量分别为3.02%和0.13%条件下的两种供试土壤中四氯化碳污染物的去除过程.结果表明,土柱通风能有效去除土壤中的四氯化碳污...     

粉煤灰对混合染料的吸附性能研究

以燃煤废弃物粉煤灰作为吸附剂,对活性红23和分散蓝56混合染料溶液进行吸附性能研究.实验结果表明:粉煤灰优先吸附离子型的活性染料,混合溶液中对活性红23的吸附能够在30 min达到平衡,而对分散蓝56的吸附则需要150 min才能够达到平衡,吸附动力学符合准二级吸附模型.在弱酸性环境中粉煤灰对分散染料的脱色高于碱性环境...     

水华蓝藻生物质对Cu~(2+)的吸附动力学及吸附平衡研究

文章初步研究了水华蓝藻生物质对重金属离子Cu2+的吸附特性,包括生物吸附动力学和吸附等温线。生物吸附动力学结果表明,Cu2+的生物吸附可分为两个阶段,第一个阶段能较快地达到平衡,而之后的阶段进行缓慢。透析袋处理的蓝藻生物质在不同pH(3,4,5,6)的铜离子溶液条件下,吸附效率依次为62.4%,78.1%,71.2%,60.35%,吸附最大值为7.81 mg/g。水华蓝藻生物质对Cu2+的生物吸附平衡等温线可以用Freundlich模型精确拟合。水华蓝藻生物质在处理低浓度的含Cu2+废水方面有潜力。湖泊富营养化的优势在于产生低成本的、大量的、可收集的水华,这说明自然环境中的藻类资源如蓝藻水华生物质,可能作为商业中使用的生物吸附剂。