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排序方式: 共有553条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
141.
Winifred Akoetey 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(12):802-809
AbstractLactobacillus amylovorus, an amylolytic species, was cultured in increasing concentrations of sweet potato starch to test the effect of this progressive acclimation on lactic acid production. This research is part of a project on the use of the waste stream from a sweet potato cannery to produce lactic acid. The media used for this acclimation was a modified version of the de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium, in which glucose was partially or totally substituted with sweet potato starch. The process was done in five steps, starting with 100% glucose in the first step and ending with 100% sweet potato starch in the last one. At each step, the effectiveness of the acclimation was tested by running fermentations with and without pH control for 62?h. The effect of the overall adaptation process was tested by comparing the growth and activity of the acclimated vs non-acclimated bacteria using sweet potato starch as the only source of carbohydrates. Growth and activity assessments indicated that L. amylovorus was able to ferment sweet potato starch into lactic acid. In most cases, pH control resulted in better substrate utilisation and larger amounts of lactic acid. In the comparison study, however, the adaptation process had a major influence on lactic acid production than the effect of pH. For 20?g L–1 sweet potato starch media, adapted L. amylovorus under no pH control yielded 11.20?g L–1 versus the non-adapted bacteria, which yielded 7.10?g L–1. Under controlled pH conditions, 14.80 and 4.20?g L–1 lactic acid were produced by adapted and non-adapted bacteria respectively. 相似文献
142.
143.
以木糖为碳源采用间歇培养方式,对木糖厌氧发酵产酸进行研究。考察木糖浓度和初始pH值对木糖厌氧产酸的影响。结果表明,随着木糖浓度的增加,总产酸量得到提高,但木糖利用率却呈现下降的趋势。当木糖浓度为5 g/L时,其利用率为100%,15 g/L时利用率为73.9%,此时挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)为9.22 g/L。木糖的分批投加可有效促进产酸,尤其是促进乙酸浓度的提高。pH为5.0和6.0左右时,VFAs主要成分为乙酸和丁酸;而pH为7.0~9.0时,乙酸含量明显增高,在pH值为8.0的条件下乙酸含量占总VFAs的80.1%。在pH=8.0时经过8 d左右的发酵,VFAs浓度可达9.34 g/L。 相似文献
144.
不同热处理温度对污泥厌氧发酵产氢的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
污水处理厂污泥产生量日益增加,对环境的影响倍受关注。污泥除了含有大量的葡萄糖、蛋白质等有机物外,还包括大量的微生物,具有厌氧发酵产氢的潜能。通过批式实验系统研究了热处理污泥厌氧发酵产氢情况。研究结果表明,经过适当热处理,可以抑制耗氢菌,同时能保持产氢菌的活性,另外,对污泥还有一定的融胞作用,使污泥中溶解性的糖和蛋白质的含量增加,提高预处理污泥的产氢效率;最佳的热处理温度为75℃,处理后污泥进行厌氧发酵产氢的最大累积产氢量为18.32 mL,比产氢率3.49 mL/g VS。 相似文献
145.
生物絮凝剂产生菌群发酵特性及动力学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从土壤中分离、筛选得到2株具有协同发酵的微生物絮凝剂产生菌。通过单因素实验考察了碳源、氮源、不同C/N等多种发酵条件对复合菌株产絮的影响,并对复合菌株的生长动力学进行了研究。当碳源为蔗糖、氮源为草酸铵、C/N为30∶1,pH=7.0、在30℃,160 r/min的摇床速度下培养24 h,其发酵液对4 g/L的高岭土的悬浊液的絮凝率达到99.3%。根据Logistic方程,得到复合型生物絮凝剂产生菌群的生长动力学模型与实验数据能较好地拟合,基本反映了复合菌群生长的动力学特征。 相似文献
146.
The success of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) depends on the constant availability of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). To reduce costs, waste streams would be a preferred source. Since VFAs were shown to vary in the incoming sewage and fermentate from primary sludge the next available source is waste activated sludge (WAS). The opportunity is particularly good in plants where WAS is stored before shipment. Little information is however available on the rate of VFA release from such sludge, especially at the lower temperatures and under the storage conditions typically found in colder climates. Bench-scale batch tests were performed to investigate the effect of temperature and requirement for mixing on VFA generation from WAS generated in full scale non-EBPR wastewater treatment plant. WAS fermentation was found highly temperature-dependent. Hydrolysis rate constant (kh) values of 0.17, 0.08 and 0.04 d−1 at 24.6, 14 and 4 °C were obtained, respectively. Arrhenius temperature coefficient was calculated to be 1.07. It took 5 d to complete hydrolysis at 24.6 °C, 7 d at 14 °C, and 9 d at 4 °C. The fermentation lasted for 20 d. At 24.6 °C the mixed reactor reached 84% of the overall VFA production only in 5 d. When temperature dropped to 14 and 4 °C, the ratio of VFA production at day 10 to overall VFA production in the mixed reactor were 62% and 48%, respectively. The overall VFA-COD concentration in the non-mixed reactors was much lower than the mixed reactors. The information is important for the designer as there was uncertainty with the effect of temperature and mixing on sludge fermentation. 相似文献
147.
148.
汽爆秸秆高温固态发酵沼气的研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
沼气液态深层发酵及秸秆的物理、化学和生物预处理方式存在效率低、污染重等问题。为了解决这些问题,对蒸汽爆破预处理方式以及固态发酵在玉米秸秆沼气化中的应用进行了研究。秸秆经过蒸汽爆破预处理后,在50℃的高温条件下进行固态发酵沼气,甲烷产量达到138.2 mL/g TS。通过单因素实验优化,确定最佳发酵条件为:固液比1∶7,初始pH值7.5,接种量35%,NH4HCO3添加量0.04 g/g干汽爆秸秆,纤维素酶用量30 IU/g干汽爆秸秆,发酵温度50℃。在上述实验条件下,汽爆秸秆的甲烷产量提高至153.0 mL/g TS,是未汽爆秸秆的2.9倍。发酵后秸秆纤维素和半纤维素的降解率分别为59.86%和67.22%。因此,蒸汽爆破预处理有助于提高秸秆的产气量和降解率。高温固态发酵不仅可以缩短发酵延迟期,提高产气效率,而且发酵结束后不会产生大量废液,对环境友好。 相似文献
149.
有机固体废物生物法制氢的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了利用有机固体废物生物法制氢的原理和研究现状。城市有机固体废物、农业有机废物、工业有机废物是生物法制氢的主要原料。暗发酵制氢是利用有机废物厌氧消化的产酸阶段而产氢,pH、温度、水力停留时间、氢气分压、原料性质、微量元素含量、产甲烷微生物抑制剂等均影响氢气产率。光发酵制氢是利用光合厌氧细菌将挥发性有机酸转化为氢气和二氧化碳。暗发酵和光发酵制氢时,生物固定化有利于高速连续产氢。在有机废物处理和生物法制氢方面,暗发酵一光发酵、暗发酵一微生物燃料电池的组合工艺是具有前景的技术。今后的研究方向是原料的预处理技术、选育高效产氢菌株、发明高效反应器、优化处理工艺和处理条件等。 相似文献
150.