Rural development with environmental sustainability

ＲｕｒａｌｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｗｉｔｈｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｉｌｉｔｙＬｕＹｏｎｇｌｏｎｇ；ＷａｎｇＲｕｓｏｎｇ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍ...     

蒙山茶业发展中的生态环境问题与对策刍议

分析了蒙山茶业生态环境特征，指出目前传统茶区存在的弊病，提出在蒙山建立生态茶区的重要性及其具体措施。     

洱源县农村循环经济建设规划

在分析了洱源县背景，农村物质、能源代谢问题和建设农村循环经济有利条件的基础上，按规划思路和制定的规划目标，对洱源县农村循环经济建设进行了总体布局、循环型生态示范村设计和优美生态乡镇建设规划，并对可能取得的效益进行了分析。     

Role of Bio-Energy Plantations for Carbon-Dioxide Mitigation with Special Reference to India

Fuelwood plays an important role in the rural economy of the developing countries of Asia and Africa. Optimizing energy fixation in forest trees through high density energy plantations (HDEP), gasification of wood, and conversion of forest tree biomass, are some of the potential areas whereby additional research and development input for efficient management of atmospheric carbon in our energy system can be incorporated. For example, the photosynthetic efficiency of forest trees is rarely above 0.5%, which on the basis of theoretical considerations can be increased by up to 6.6%. Thus there is an ample scope to improve the efficiency up to 1%, which amounts to doubling of the productivity of the forests. Recent policy changes and experiences with wood-based bio-energy programmes in several countries indicate that woodfuels may become increasingly attractive as industrial energy sources. Use of biodiesel and the formulation of a project for undertaking 13.4 million ha of Jatropha plantations in India highlight the seriousness with which the Government of India is promoting carbon neutral energy plantations. The cost of establishment of plantations primarily for fuel production and its conversion to energy are major deterrents in this pursuit. Some of the issues in developing countries, like low productivity on marginal lands, degraded forest lands, and unorganized units for biomass energy conversion, result in cost escalation as compared to other energy sources. This paper revisits the scope for raising energy plantations, a comparison of the direct and indirect mitigation potential uses of plantations as an adaptation strategy through reforestation and afforestation projects for climate change mitigation and socio-economic issues to make this venture feasible in developing countries.     

特殊区域和特别敏感海域

特殊区域和特别敏感海域是国际海事组织提出了两个环境概念。文中就这两个概念的定义、起源、鉴定的标准和程序以及适用的保护措施进行分析、论述，并提出自己见解。     

农村民居抗震性能存在的问题及对策

本文通过分析农村民居抗震性能存在的问题,从专家参与设计房屋抗震加固方案、加强房屋抗震知识宣传教育、推广典型、加强村镇建设项目抗震设防的指导和管理四个方面提出了提高农村民居抗震性能的对策及措施。     

湖南农村生态环境污染现状及保护对策

分析和论述湖南农村生态环境污染的现状及主要原因.其中,水土流失、土地退化、农用化学品使用量增加、工业、城市"三废"的污染、农村生活污水和生活垃圾等是湖南农村生态环境污染的主要原因;针对不同的污染原因,提出了保护农村生态环境的对策.     

农村面源污染治理建议与对策

文章对农村面源污染进行了简要介绍，综述了抚顺县农村面源污染现状、存在的主要问题及产生的原因。并对如何缓解目前农村面源污染提出了合理化建议与对策。     

中国农村生活垃圾管理模式探讨——三级分化 有效治理农村生活垃圾

针对农村生活垃圾及其处理的特点，为降低难度更有效地处理好农村生活垃圾，提出了对农村生活垃圾进行三次分化。用不同措施分别处理不同特点的农村生活垃圾，从而使其处理难度和费用最小化。首先分类收集作为基础，按不同类别对农村生活垃圾进行收集；其次，分离出产生源集中、规模较大和成分较单一的乡镇街道、畜禽养殖场和乡村企业等三类农村垃圾进行专门管理；最后依据有机垃圾的不同特点，分成农业主导型、非农业主导型和城郊型三类区域进行专门的垃圾处理。     

农村社区更新理念、模式及其立法

首先从农村社区更新的内涵出发 ,阐述了从传统发展观念到可持续发展观念过程中人类社会的理念所经历的3个阶段 ,从而认为实施可持续发展战略是农村社区更新的强大推动力 ;继而提出农村社区更新的4条基本原则 ,分析归纳了农村社区更新两类4种模式 ,指出当前农村社区更新工作的重点 ,最后阐述了农村社区更新的立法问题 ,包括立法原则 ,立法的管理对象、管理目标及管理内容 ,立法模式及框架等