杨树抗旱性研究进展

The drought resistance of woody plants, in particular, Populus, was reviewed in this paper. Studies about drought resistance of Populus mostly focused on changes in growth properties, physiological adaptation and biochemical aspects, but a few on molecular biology. The indexes of drought adaptation and productivity were analyzed and these indexes could be employed to identify drought resistance of woody plants. Combination of such different approaches will, hopefully, give us a more complete understanding of the various regulatory mechanisms in trees than what we may have today. With development of the molecular biology of woody plants, the sluties on stress resistance of Populus which was regarded as a model plant, are summarised. Ref 96     

从洛马普里埃塔地震看天然水面在开封市城市防灾中的作用

首先从历史震例中次生火灾的巨大破坏作用出发，介绍了美国旧金山市专为次生火灾控制而设置的辅助供水系统和移动供水系统；然后，根据这两个与市政供水系统平行的供水保障系统在洛马普里埃塔地震中的反应，结合开封市的总体规划和旧城改造方案，具体介绍了开封市的地震次生火灾控制规划。     

生命线工程抗震可靠性分析

本文对作者在生命线工程抗震可靠性分析的分析准则、单体结构可靠度算法、系统可靠性评估和基于系统可靠性分析的优化设计等诸方面所作的工作进行了综述。     

浅论防震减灾工作中的城市分类

本文就我国国情及各省、区城市的条件、震情的差异，将全国不同城市综合性地作了一个宏观分类。这对推行城市地震灾害综合防御工作将是大有益处的。     

Loyal rebels? A test of the normative conflict model of constructive deviance

Constructive deviance is a voluntary behavior that violates organizational rules but is conducted with honorable intentions to benefit the organization or its stakeholders. Despite emerging interest in this behavior, the antecedents of constructive deviance remain unclear, with particular ambiguity concerning the relationship between organizational identity and constructive deviance. In this article, we address this ambiguity with the normative conflict model, which posits that organizational identity drives constructive deviance in the workplace only when people perceive normative conflict with organizational rules. In Studies 1a and 1b, we develop and validate a measure of normative conflict. In Study 2, we conduct a preliminary test of the model with employed students and find that identity is positively related to constructive deviance only when normative conflict is high. In Study 3, we replicate and extend the model to show that the moderating effect of normative conflict is mediated by experienced psychological discomfort and that organizational identity is positively related to constructive deviance among working adults only when discomfort is high. In total, our findings demonstrate the utility of the normative conflict model for explaining when constructive deviance is mostly likely to occur in the workplace.     

Species Diversity of Leeches Populating Water Bodies of the Middle Urals

Russian Journal of Ecology -     

钼酸钠对靶用 5083 铝合金耐蚀性能影响的研究

目的提高靶用5083铝合金材料的耐蚀性。方法分别运用阳极极化、交流阻抗及EDS等试验技术研究钼酸钠对5083铝合金在3%氯化钠溶液中的耐蚀性能影响。结果钼酸钠加入3%氯化钠溶液以后,该铝合金的腐蚀电位下降,点蚀电位与腐蚀电位分离,维钝电流减小,阻抗值增大,抗点蚀能力提高。结论钼酸钠对5083铝合金产生缓蚀作用。     

氯盐阻化剂对煤自燃极限参数影响的试验研究

阻化技术是防治煤自燃的常用技术之一,研究阻化剂对煤自燃极限参数的影响是确定阻化效果的关键.采用程序升温试验,分析气煤和长焰煤的原煤样和经MgCl2、KCl、CaCl2、NaCl 4种阻化剂处理后的煤样耗氧速率和放热强度,并计算自燃极限参数和阻化率.结果表明:氯盐阻化剂可降低煤自燃低温阶段的煤耗氧速率和放热强度;4种阻化剂中对气煤煤样的平均阻化率最高是MgCl2 (63.6％),对长焰煤则是CaCl2 (45.9％),平均阻化率与自燃极限参数变化率呈正相关;气煤经MgCl2处理后自燃极限参数变化率最大,长焰煤经CaCl2阻化处理后的自燃极限参数变化率最大,对于气煤4种阻化剂阻化能力由大到小为MgCl2 KCl、CaCl2、NaCl,对长焰煤则为CaCl2、MgCl2、KCl、NaCl;氯盐阻化剂中MgCl2对气煤自燃极限参数影响最大,阻化效果好,而对长焰煤则为CaCl2.     

环境中抗药基因水平转移研究进展

抗药基因是一种新型环境污染物,一旦被致病菌获得,将导致抗生素的临床使用失效,从而危害公共健康。抗药基因可通过转移因子在细菌间传播,加剧抗药基因的扩散效应,提升了环境健康风险性,因此抗药基因水平转移受到了越来越多的关注。本文介绍了抗药基因水平转移的分子机制,总结了不同环境中各种抗药基因水平转移途径的研究现状,并对该领域将来的研究方向提出了展望,以期为环境中抗药基因的调查评估、污染控制及合理管理提供理论参考。     

温度对厌氧环境下污泥中抗生素抗性基因行为特征的影响

抗性基因的转移传播使得污水处理厂成为其重要的储存库,对人类健康存在潜在风险。实验采用序批式厌氧反应器,温度设定分别为15℃、中温(30℃和36℃)、高温(50℃和60℃),探究温度对污泥厌氧条件下8种抗生素去除效果的影响,以及四环素类抗性基因(tet A、tet G、tet L、tet M、tet O、tet Q、tet W、tet X)、磺胺类抗性基因(sul I、sul II)和Ⅰ类整合子整合酶基因(int I 1)的行为特征。研究发现温度升高有利于抗生素及抗性基因的去除,15℃、中温和高温下总抗生素的平均去除率分别为45%、59%和78%;15℃、中温和高温下四环素类抗性基因分别削减0.52 log、0.90 log和1.50 log,磺胺类抗性基因分别削减0.56log、0.78 log和1.31 log。相关性分析发现,总抗性基因与总氮、氨氮、SCOD(溶解性COD)均存在显著相关性(R2=0.744、0.760、0.315,P0.05),而与总磷无显著相关性(P0.05)。int I 1与总氮、氨氮、SCOD皆存在显著相关性(R2=0.698、0.795、0.269,P0.05),而与总磷无显著相关性(P0.05)。说明微生物生长环境中的营养元素一定程度上影响着抗性基因的传播和扩散。