新型内电解铁屑过滤塔在印染废水工业化规模处理中的应用

介绍了一种新型内电解铁屑过滤塔在印染废水工业化规模处理中的应用。在弱酸性条件下 ,该类型铁屑滤塔色度去除率高达 90 % ,废水可生化性提高 30 % ,运行一年半无板结和钝化现象。与后续的生化处理单元结合 ,出水稳定 ,实现达标排放。     

炼铁高炉净环水高pH碱性运行的阻垢缓蚀研究

以某炼铁高炉妆环水为对象，对循环冷却水高ＰＨ碱性运行阻垢缓蚀进行了研究，筛选出了一复合配方。工业应用试验结果表明，此配方对Ａ３钢的污垢附着速率，腐蚀速率和污垢热阻均低于国家规定的指标要求，说明该配方具有良好的阻垢缓蚀性能。     

太湖水-气界面CO2交换通量观测研究

基于2003-01～2005-06利用静态箱法对太湖水-气界面CO₂交换通量的观测,对太湖水-气界面交换通量的变化特征进行了分析研究.结果表明:太湖水-气界面CO₂交换通量存在明显的日变化,春、夏、秋、冬4季日平均通量分别为-0.79mg/(m²·h)、-4.89 mg/(m²·h)、-4.06 mg/(m²·h)和-2.56 mg/(m²·h),太湖均是CO₂的汇.一般污染越重的区域,CO₂通量值越大.藻型湖区水-气界面CO₂交换通量季节变化不明显,草型湖区水-气界面CO₂交换通量季节变化很明显,夏秋季高,冬春季低.CO₂通量变化的可能相关因子还有天气情况、太阳辐射、风速及水温、pH、TA、Chla、TC、TN和TP等.     

Risk attitudes and mitigation among gold miners and others in the Suriname rainforest

This article analyses the question: do attitudes towards risk influence participation in small‐scale gold mining, a hazardous activity that generates uncertain income? This question is examined by measuring and comparing the risk attitudes of gold miners and non‐mining community members in the rainforest of Suriname, South America. The author presents a multivariate model to predict the duration of work in mining areas as a function of risk tolerance, age, education, and household demographics. The results suggest that a greater tolerance to risk increases the duration of a person's mining career. However, attitudes explain only a fraction of the variation in occupational choices. Qualitative data suggest that these choices are primarily shaped by local barriers to human capital development and by national economic volatility. Given their marginal position in society and the multitude of mining risk mitigation strategies, it is questionable whether gold mining exposes Suriname forest peoples to greater risks than other subsistence alternatives. The author argues that sensitivity to local historical and cultural conditions would improve the efficiency of policies aimed at developing a more sustainable mining industry. By zooming in on the daily lives of miners, anthropology can complement macro‐scale analyses and contribute to policy interventions in the small‐scale mining sector.     

VARIATION FEATURES OF PRECIPITATION IN GUANGXI

VariationfeaturesofprecipitationinGuangxiUnevendistributionofprecipitationinareas　ByreasonofcomplexlandforminGuangxi,theprecipitationvariesindifferentregionsandisgenerallyabundantinthesouthandthenorth,littleinthemiddleregion;abundantintheeastandlittleinthewest;abundantinhillyareasandlittleintherivervalleysandbasins;abundantinwindwardslopesandlittleinleewardslopes;abundantincoastlandandlittleinis lands.Therearemainly 4 pluvialregionsand 2littlerainfallregions.The 4pluvialregionswithprecipitat…     

仪化热电厂提高循环水浓缩倍率的措施

针对仪化热电厂将循环水用作冲灰水，导致浓缩倍率只有1.6，以及凝汽器铜管腐蚀结垢严重等问题，提出了隔断循环水与冲灰水的直接联系，实现闲路循环，对凝汽器铜管进行酸洗，并对循环水实施加缓蚀阻垢荆、杀菌剂和旁流过滤等办法，全部实施后产生了很好的效益，值得借鉴。     

陕西泾阳4.8级地震前后重力变化与断裂活动

本文对泾阳Ms4．8级地震前后陕西关中地区流动重力观测资料和有关断裂垂直形变资料进行了分析研究。结果表明：①波速比高值区很可能存在地下深部地幔物质的入侵，由此引发地震和重力场的显著下降；②用震源机制解和GPS所作的运动矢量图可以较好地解释泾阳地震前后重力场时空演化特征及有关断裂活动——其变化是北西向剪切应力带作用的结果．     

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘暴特征--以塔中地区为例

塔克拉玛干沙漠是中国油气开发的重要区域，沙尘暴是该区域重要的灾害性天气，但以往相关的研究很少。为了了解塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘暴的发生规律，利用塔中气象站1997-2002年的气象资料，对塔中地区沙尘暴的强度、过程、类型和时间变化等特征进行了分析。研究结果表明：（1）塔中年平均沙尘暴日数为16．83d，较沙漠北缘的轮台和沙漠南缘的民丰、和田为多，体现出沙尘源对沙尘暴发生的影响；（2）沙尘暴发生之前出现明显的风速突然降低和风向转换；（3）同塔里木盆地其它区域一样，塔中沙尘暴也可分为5种类型，其主导类型为冷空气东灌型；（4）沙尘暴时间变化规律明显，且从20世纪90年代至21世纪初，塔中沙尘暴日数与持时明显下降，同全疆的变化趋势一致。     

台风湍流积分尺度与脉动风速谱——基于实测数据的分析

基于4个台风过程中的长时间序列风速、风方向观测数据，分析研究了近地台风的湍流积分尺度和脉动风速谱等脉动特性。介绍了湍流积分尺度的几种常见的计算方法，基于实测台风数据，分析研究了台风过程中湍流积分尺度的变化以及不同计算方法的稳定性。根据实测数据计算了纵向脉动风速谱，并与Von-Karman谱、Davenport谱、Simiu谱和Harris谱等经验谱进行了比较，给出了最适合描述台风纵向脉动风速谱的经验谱。还计算了横向脉动风速功率谱，并与基于各向同性湍流理论推导出的水平横向脉动风速谱进行了对比。     

EFFECTS OF WATERSHED REPRESENTATION ON RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT YIELD MODELING1

ABSTRACT: This paper evaluates the effects of watershed geometric representation (i.e., plane and channel representation) on runoff and sediment yield simulations in a semiarid rangeland watershed. A process based, spatially distributed runoff erosion model (KINEROS2) was used to explore four spatial representations of a 4.4 ha experimental watershed. The most complex representation included all 96 channel elements identifiable in the field. The least complex representation contained only five channel elements. It was concluded that oversimplified watershed representations greatly influence runoff and sediment yield simulations by inducing excessive infiltration on hillslopes and distorting runoff patterns and sediment fluxes. Runoff and sediment yield decrease systematically with decreasing complexity in watershed representation. However, less complex representations had less impact on runoff and sediment‐yield simulations for small rainfall events. This study concludes that the selection of the appropriate level of watershed representation can have important theoretical and practical implications on runoff and sediment yield modeling in semiarid environments.