舟山海域突发性溢油环境风险评价

本文结合某建设项目的环境影响评价工作，开展海域突发性溢油的环境风险评价。通过风险概率计算，突发性溢油影响范围预测分析，提出舟山海域突发性溢油的应急对策。     

浅谈污泥处置方式及资源化利用

通过污泥的综合利用、填埋、投海等几种主要的污泥处置方式的分析,指出污泥的资源化利用应立足于各地实际,在兼顾环境生态效益、社会效益和经济效益平衡的前提下,选择最佳处置与利用方案。     

DX新型高效天然吸油材对海上溢油治理的研究

随着石油工业和海上石油运输业的迅速发展，海洋的石油污染已充分引起公众的重视。在对海上溢油的危害及其主要处理技术的简要分析基础上，提出了DX新型高效天然吸油材料研制的必要性。研究结果表明：DX新型高效天然吸油性能较好，具有广泛的应用范围，可以反复使用；而且DX型高效天然吸油材的后处理对环境不会造成二次污染。     

辽东湾海冰生消的热力要素分析

利用辽海湾ＪＺ２０－２海域冰斯气象、水文和海泳的测量资料，对冰面太阳辐射、长波辐射、盛热、潜热、冰内热传导和泳下海洋热通量等热力要素的计算方法进行了讨论，并对其中的部分参数进行了确定；对１９９７～１９９８年度不同天气条件和不同泳期的海８泳热力要素进行了对比分析，发展太阳辐射的主要影响因素为云层，冰面感热主要受控于风速和和气温，而长波辐射变化量不大，不同风向时的相对湿度差别很大，疳直接影响到冰面潜热     

The effect of export to the deep sea on the long-range transport potential of persistent organic pollutants

BACKGROUND: Export to the deep sea has been found to be a relevant pathway for highly hydrophobic chemicals. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of this process on the potential for long-range transport (LRT) of such chemicals. METHODS: The spatial range as a measure of potential for LRT is calculated for seven PCB congeners with the multimedia fate and transport model ChemRange. Spatial ranges for cases with and without deep sea export are compared. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Export to the deep sea leads to increased transfer from the air to the surface ocean and, thereby, to lower spatial ranges for PCB congeners whose net deposition rate constant is similar to or greater than the atmospheric degradation rate constant. This is fulfilled for the PCB congeners 101, 153, 180, and 194. The spatial ranges of the congeners 8, 28, and 52, in contrast, are not affected by deep sea export. With export to the deep sea included in the model, the spatial ranges of the heavier congener are similar to those of the lighter ones, while the intermediate congeners 101 and 153 have the highest potential for long-range transport. CONCLUSIONS: Transfer to the deep ocean affects the mass balance and the potential for LRT of highly hydrophobic chemicals and should be included in multimedia fate models containing a compartment for ocean water.     

山东沿海经济区海水浸染灾情与减灾对策

本文从发展沿海地区经济出发,以灾害学的基本观点,分析了山东沿海地区海水侵染灾害的现状、特点、危害、灾害成因及发展趋势;在此基础上,从整体角度提出了采取综合措施防害减灾的指导思想、基本原则、达到的目标,进而从开源节流、防治污染、合理利用资源,建立沿海经济区灾害预测、预报、预警系统等方面提出了减轻沿海地区海水侵染灾害,保护环境,利用资源,发展经济,变环境,生态恶性循环为良性循环的基本对策。     

Water purification with sintered porous materials fabricated at 400℃ from sea bottom sediments

A sintering technology for preparing porous materials from sea bottom sediments was developed for use in water purification. The purpose of the present study was to develop methods for converting the sea bottom sediments dredged from Ago Bay into value-added recycled products. The sintered products fabricated at 400℃ were found to be very effective adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals.     

海底重燃油对海胆繁殖及其子代发育的影响

利用室内流水式粘油砾石柱模拟实际环境中的海底重燃油,研究了重燃油污染的孔隙水对成年海胆繁殖力、配子质量及子代胚胎发育的影响.结果表明,暴露结束后（7d）,暴露组海胆的排配子率显著降低（P=0.033）,同时雌海胆繁殖力也显著降低（P=0.036,（1957917±811471）个卵细胞）;卵细胞的直径和精子的受精能力并未受到海底重燃油的影响.子代继续暴露48h,发现亲代暴露加剧了子代胚胎畸形程度,表明亲代暴露的毒性可传递给子代.进一步利用整合毒性指数（ITI）检测毒性传递的性别差异发现,与母本效应相比（24和48h子代的ITI分别为0.54~1.45和1.1~2.57）,父本效应（24和48h子代的ITI分别为0.82~1.95和1.89~4.04）在毒性传递过程中起着关键作用.     

极端海况下AUV水环境模拟及定位控制研究

目的优化PID控制器,实现AUV在极端海况下的定位控制。方法本文基于Blendermann风载荷系数计算公式与ITTC双参数波浪谱及漂移力计算公式,在Matlab中建立极端海况风浪模型,对极端海况进行环境模拟;利用Simulink平台搭建基于PID控制器的AUV动力定位控制系统,优化PID控制器参数,对AUV进行定位控制研究。结果在该控制作用下,AUV仍由定位原点顺利抵达目标位置,在PID控制器作用下,系统约100s后达到目标位置状态附近进行微调,整体超调量约8%,在严峻的风浪环境中展现出理想的控制性能。结论本研究成功模拟了AUV的极端工作环境,并搭建了动力定位仿真台架,基于优化后的PID控制器实现了AUV在极端海况下的定位控制,为自主潜航器在恶劣环境中的作业能力保障及控制器设计研究提供了参考。     

环渤海海冰弯曲强度影响因素分析

本文根据多年环渤海海冰弯曲强度试验结果，分析了诸单因子对海冰弯曲强度的影响，并给出了各海区海冰弯曲强度设计值，海冰的弯曲强度随着应力速度的增加，经过延性，过渡和脆性三个阶段，在过渡区，海冰的弯曲强度达到最大值。随冰温的降低和冰中盐水体积减少，海冰的湾曲强度增大。