首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   1882篇
  免费   248篇
  国内免费   1008篇
安全科学   33篇
废物处理   42篇
环保管理   347篇
综合类   1799篇
基础理论   478篇
污染及防治   178篇
评价与监测   144篇
社会与环境   93篇
灾害及防治   24篇
  2024年   7篇
  2023年   32篇
  2022年   68篇
  2021年   73篇
  2020年   88篇
  2019年   97篇
  2018年   70篇
  2017年   93篇
  2016年   123篇
  2015年   152篇
  2014年   134篇
  2013年   256篇
  2012年   198篇
  2011年   212篇
  2010年   150篇
  2009年   165篇
  2008年   131篇
  2007年   146篇
  2006年   166篇
  2005年   112篇
  2004年   98篇
  2003年   73篇
  2002年   69篇
  2001年   56篇
  2000年   50篇
  1999年   41篇
  1998年   42篇
  1997年   44篇
  1996年   28篇
  1995年   16篇
  1994年   21篇
  1993年   11篇
  1992年   9篇
  1991年   10篇
  1990年   13篇
  1989年   8篇
  1988年   7篇
  1987年   8篇
  1986年   2篇
  1985年   5篇
  1984年   4篇
  1983年   7篇
  1982年   5篇
  1981年   6篇
  1980年   15篇
  1979年   5篇
  1978年   3篇
  1976年   2篇
  1974年   2篇
  1972年   2篇
排序方式: 共有3138条查询结果,搜索用时 468 毫秒
151.
Surface sediment samples from 12 sites of the three selected rivers in Daliaohe River watershed (Hunhe River, Taizihe River and Daliaohe River) were analyzed with the objective of establishing sources and hazard of the organochlorinae pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) in surface sediments. The total concentrations of OCPs varied from 3.06 to 23.24 ng g−1. ∑HCH (α-HCH, β-HCH, δ-HCH, γ-HCH), ∑DDT (p, p′-DDE, p, p′-DDD, o, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDT) and ∑Cyclodiene (Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, Dieldrin, Endrin) ranged from 1.86 to 21.48, 0.5 to 2.81 and 0.56 to 1.53 ng g−1, respectively. Results of OCPs also illustrate that the most dominant pollutants among the OCPs was ∑HCH, and γ-HCH was the most dominant isomer in HCH, which was evidence of recent input of lindane. It possibly came from the runoff of polluted soils and long-scale transportation. Total PCB concentrations ranged between 1.88 and 16.88 ng g−1. The peak concentrations of PCBs were found in sediments from station T5 and D3, which are in the vicinity of industrial areas and ferry, respectively. These data show a moderate level of OCPs and PCBs contaminations compared to that in other countries.  相似文献   
152.
Heavy metal contamination in sediments of the Karasu spring was investigated in the presented study. In this respect, sediment samples were collected from contaminant sites along the spring starting from the spring water manifestation site, base of the Akkaya dam to the dam exit site. Heavy metal concentrations were determined by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. Cobalt, copper, arsenic, tin, nickel, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, iron, titan, chromium and manganese contents of the Karasu creek sediments are found as 18.30–69.00, 12.40–595.0 5.50–345.3, 5.80–15.1, 10.9–64.1, 28.90–103,300, 4.1–356.2, 7.70–37,840, 13,460–109,400, 11,740–62,900, 22.18–59.04, 41.70–369 and 12.09–3,480 mg/kg, respectively. Results indicate the presence of a contamination in the Karasu creek. All the metal concentrations were found to be exceeding their acceptable limit values. Eutrophication is developed in the Karasu creek and the Akkaya dam. It is thought that heavy metal accumulation in the creek is originated from discharge from mine quarries, industrial and domestic wastes. Protection zones should be defined and all necessary measures must be taken along the Karasu creek.  相似文献   
153.
建立了土壤和沉积物中8种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs,BDE-28、BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-100、BDE-153、BDE-154、BDE-183和BDE-209)加速溶剂同时萃取和净化-气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(ASE-GC-MS-MS)的分析方法。通过优化加速溶剂萃取与弗罗里硅土在线净化和串联质谱多反应监测模式的条件,较好地去除基质干扰,并提高了三重四极杆串联质谱定性的准确性及定量的灵敏性。该方法采用改进的色谱柱能同时分析包括高溴代联苯醚BDE-209在内的8种PBDEs,其浓度范围为1~100 ng/mL(BDE-209为10~1 000 ng/mL),线性良好,线性回归系数均大于0.997。方法检出限为0.004~0.1 ng/g,方法回收率为75%~110%,方法精密度为2.4%~15.6%。适于批量处理土壤和沉积物中含有多组分痕量PBDEs的样品。  相似文献   
154.
Since 1980, the Lake Tahoe Interagency Monitoring Program (LTIMP) has provided stream‐discharge and water quality data—nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and suspended sediment—at more than 20 stations in Lake Tahoe Basin streams. To characterize the temporal and spatial patterns in nutrient and sediment loading to the lake, and improve the usefulness of the program and the existing database, we have (1) identified and corrected for sources of bias in the water quality database; (2) generated synthetic datasets for sediments and nutrients, and resampled to compare the accuracy and precision of different load calculation models; (3) using the best models, recalculated total annual loads over the period of record; (4) regressed total loads against total annual and annual maximum daily discharge, and tested for time trends in the residuals; (5) compared loads for different forms of N and P; and (6) tested constituent loads against land use‐land cover (LULC) variables using multiple regression. The results show (1) N and P loads are dominated by organic N and particulate P; (2) there are significant long‐term downward trends in some constituent loads of some streams; and (3) anthropogenic impervious surface is the most important LULC variable influencing water quality in basin streams. Many of our recommendations for changes in water quality monitoring and load calculation methods have been adopted by the LTIMP.  相似文献   
155.
This study quantified the impact of bison and cattle grazing management practices on bare ground coverage at the watershed, riparian, and forested riparian scales within the Flint Hills ecoregion in Kansas. We tested for correlations between bare ground coverage and fluvial suspended sediment concentrations during base‐flow and storm‐flow events. We used remotely sensed imagery combined with field surveys to classify ground cover and quantify the presence of bare ground. Base‐flow water samples were collected bi‐monthly during rain‐free periods and 24 h following precipitation events. Storm‐flow water samples were collected on the rising limb of the hydrograph, using single‐stage automatic samplers. Ungrazed treatments contained the lowest coverage of bare ground at the watershed, riparian, and forested riparian scales. Bison treatments contained the highest coverage of bare ground at the watershed scale, while high‐density cattle treatments contained the highest coverage of bare ground at the riparian and forested riparian scales. In bison and cattle‐grazed treatments, a majority of bare ground was located near fence lines, watershed boundaries, and third‐ and fourth‐order stream segments. Inorganic sediment concentrations at base flow were best predicted by riparian bare ground coverage, while storm‐flow sediment concentrations were best predicted by watershed scale bare ground coverage.  相似文献   
156.
为了揭示丹江口水库沉积物氮空间分布特征及其生物有效性,采用连续分级提取法研究了表层沉积物中可交换态氮(Exchangeable nitrogen,EN)、酸解态氮(Acid hydrolysable nitrogen,HN)及残渣态氮(Residue nitrogen,RN)的赋存特征,同时结合生物可利用态氮的含量,探讨了各形态氮对生物可利用态氮的贡献。结果表明,丹江口水库沉积物中总氮(Total nitrogen,TN)在425~5796 mg/kg之间,平均为1 319.32 mg/kg,其中EN、HN和RN的平均值相对比例为2.15∶1.95∶1,且各形态氮含量的空间分布呈入库河流大于库区开阔区域的特征,尤其在丹江、老灌河以及犟河-堵河入库口的含量较大。潜在矿化氮(Potential mineralized nitrogen,PMN)含量在40.20~1 468.95 mg/kg之间,平均为275.06 mg/kg,其中EN对丹江口水库沉积物PMN的贡献较大,比例在19.85%~90.80%之间,平均为63.47%。各形态氮在不同的水环境条件下发生迁移转化,保持着水-沉积物界面氮的动态平衡。  相似文献   
157.
阳宗海沉积物中磷的稳定性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
絮凝剂(Fe Cl3)治理阳宗海砷污染的过程中,水体中的磷被大量沉积进入底泥,弄清其是否会在环境条件变化后发生反溶形成二次污染对湖泊富营养化防治具有重要意义。通过模拟实验模拟泥-水界面p H变化、物理扰动和微生物活动的变化,旨在分析这些环境因子变化对沉积物中磷溶出的影响。结果表明,阳宗海水体在目前这种磷浓度下,底泥的磷会随时间的增加而溶出再次造成水体磷污染,当暴露在清洁水条件下时磷的释放率会增加;这种由于絮凝剂吸附沉淀到湖底的磷,在上覆水p H增加0.5时底泥磷解吸附释放速率增加;每年秋季湖泊上下层水的交换活动会造成水体磷浓度的季节性升高,形成不可忽视的磷内源。而夏季水温分层导致湖泊底部厌氧,使厌氧微生物活性增强,这将进一步促进底泥中磷的释放。  相似文献   
158.
滇池福保湾沉积物不同形态磷的垂向分布   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8  
应用SMT连续提取法分析滇池福保湾柱状沉积物的磷(P)形态,探讨P形态的垂向分布特征.沉积物中总磷 (TP)含量高,最高达4 200 mg/kg, 无机磷 (IP)是TP的主要部分,占TP的52%~91%, 铁/铝结合态磷 (Fe/Al-P)是IP的主要部分,占IP的55%~94%.同一湖区不同采样点的沉积物P形态的垂向变化不同,湖湾北端近河口处和南端远离河口处的沉积物中Fe/Al-P, IP, 有机磷 (OP)和TP含量随深度增加而增加,6~11 cm 层的含量最高,这与近年来入湖河流污染负荷削减和河堤阻隔导致P入湖量减少有关.河口处沉积物的钙结合态磷 (Ca-P)含量随深度增加而增加,最南端沉积物的Ca-P含量随深度增加而减少.离河口较远的沉积物中,Fe/Al-P, IP, OP,TP和Ca-P均随深度增加而减少.各点沉积物P形态的变化受该点人类活动带来的入湖污染物量的影响较大,距河口最远处的沉积物中P形态随深度变化不如其他点明显.   相似文献   
159.
崇明东滩湿地沉积物重金属污染的磁诊断   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
对取自崇明东滩的高潮滩、中潮滩和低潮滩的沉积物柱样进行了磁学、粒度、重金属含量等指标的分析、比较与综合研究. 结果表明:在以粉砂为主的崇明东滩,通过污染负荷指数法进行评价,除低潮滩无污染外,中潮滩和高潮滩均有中度的重金属污染. 选取中度重金属污染的高潮滩沉积物柱样进行粒度、重金属含量以及磁性参数的相关性分析显示,χfdARM/SIRM与重金属含量和粘土(粒径<4 μm)之间有较高的相关性,并以此建立了磁诊断线性回归模型;χfd和χARM/SIRM可作为重金属含量的替代指标.   相似文献   
160.
福建省泉州湾表层沉积物中重金属的含量与分布   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
于2004年7月在泉州湾采集了表层沉积物样品,分析了8种重金属的含量和分布。泉州湾表层沉积物中的重金属基本呈现出由河流入海口向湾内及湾口逐渐降低的趋势。据潜在生态风险评价,泉州湾表层沉积物重金属的生态危害程度都较小。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号