两种缓蚀剂对10CrSiNiCu钢的缓蚀效果研究

采用极化曲线等电化学研究方法研究单独添加不同类型缓蚀剂葡萄糖酸钠、钼酸钠以及二者复配后在3%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中对10CrSiNiCu低合金钢的缓蚀效果。研究结果表明,葡萄糖酸钠为阴极型缓蚀剂,而钼酸钠为阳极型缓蚀剂,而二者复配后则缓蚀效果降低,产生拮抗作用。     

Numerical study of regional environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming based on planting-breeding balance

In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming (ECCLPF) in each district of the city in terms of the fertility characteristics of the soil in the city, as well as its mix of crops cultivated and farming methods. On the basis of the computations, this work proceeds to classify the alarm grades of the city’s environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry framing, and assess the environmental impact of the livestock and poultry farming industry. The results of our study indicate that, the city’s ECCLPF ranges from 8.27 to 23.23 heads per ha when computed on the basis of nitrogen, and from 5.79 to 24.53 heads per ha when computed on the basis of phosphorus. A comparison between our research findings and the existing farming scale in Putian reveals that, in certain parts of the city, ECCLPF is overburdened to varying degrees. Specifically, Chengxiang District is severely overburdened, Hanjiang District and Meizhou Island have a level of overburdening between virtual overburdening and significant overburdening, Licheng District is virtually overburdened, and Xiuyu, Xianyou, and Bei’an Districts have not exceeded their environmental carrying capacity and therefore have varying levels of potential for growth.     

燃煤电厂PM_(2.5)捕集增效技术的研究及应用

介绍了一种燃煤电厂PM2.5捕集增效技术—烟尘预荷电微颗粒捕集增效装置的结构组成和工作原理,研究了双极荷电对粉尘凝并的影响及扰流柱的产涡效果,在中试平台上测试了热态模拟烟气条件下该装置的增效结果。该技术在300MW机组工程上应用的测试结果为:电除尘器出口PM2.5下降30%,烟尘总质量浓度下降20%。     

仿生组合工艺对污水厂尾水深度净化效果的中试研究

当前,城镇污水处理厂尾水对受纳水体的水质有着不可忽视的影响。以改善湖泊水质为目的,使用仿生组合工艺对尾水进行深度净化研究。结果表明：仿生组合工艺对尾水COD 的降解效率达到42．31％～67．95％,对COD波动具有较高的适应性;仿生组合工艺弥补了仿生填料床对NH3－N、TP的降解具有适应期的缺陷;仿生组合工艺对尾水NH3－N去除率高达89．57％～97．89％;仿生组合工艺强化了对TP的去除率,去除率为53．85％～72．41％,出水TP达到地表水III类水标准;仿生组合工艺SS去除效率达到37．50％～64％。     

基于可拓分析与组合赋权法的乐清湾生态系统健康评价

借助GIS和RS技术,结合数字影像数据、社会经济数据和环境监测数据,运用PSR模型分别从陆源压力、环境状态和生物响应3个方面选取18项指标构建乐清湾海湾生态系统健康评价综合指标体系,并利用可拓分析和组合赋权法对乐清湾生态系统健康现状进行综合评价.研究结果表明:春季和夏季乐清湾全湾生态系统健康水平分别呈极差和中等状态,夏季优于春季,整体生态系统健康状况不容乐观.春季乐清湾生态系统健康水平内湾、中湾和外湾分别为极差、优秀和极差,并在空间上呈现出中湾最好,内湾次之,外湾最差的趋势;夏季乐清湾生态系统健康水平内湾、中湾和外湾分别为中等、优秀和中等,健康水平明显优于春季,并在空间上呈现出中湾优于外湾,内湾最差的趋势.人口密度、单位面积COD排放量、自然岸线保持率、有机污染指数、营养水平指数、底栖生物多样性指数和春季初级生产力是制约乐清湾生态系统健康的主要因素.为了改善乐清湾生态系统健康,应加强土地利用监督管理,控制海水养殖强度,提高生活污水处理率,建立湿地自然保护区,同时发展海洋观光旅游等绿色产业.     

微生物絮凝剂(MBF)研究策略与技术进展

当前微生物絮凝剂正处于理论研究与产业化交织阶段,文章较全面地综述了本领域研究策略和最新技术进展。研究策略体现出特异、高效、价廉、复合和联用等方向;总结了特异、高效产絮单菌株的筛选、廉价替代培养基的选用、产絮条件的优化等改善MBF应用的技术途径,并着重就近年来与微生物絮凝剂复合或联用的强化技术进行了探讨,包括复合型微生物絮凝剂、MBF与传统絮凝剂的复配、MBF与纳米材料的联用、絮凝微生物固定化技术等。在此基础上指出了微生物絮凝剂今后的发展方向,并提出了建议。     

基于AHP-熵权法的城市燃气管道风险评价*

为全面、客观地评价城市燃气管道风险,提出1种基于AHP-熵权法的城市燃气管道风险评价模型。该模型基于风险评价理论,结合管道失效可能性与后果严重性,构建包含105个评价底因素的城市燃气管道风险评价指标体系。针对城市燃气管道风险因素的复杂性和模糊性,引入模糊数学思想和方法,结合AHP和熵权法确定评价指标的综合权重,再运用模糊综合评价法和风险分析矩阵评估燃气管道风险等级。结果表明:该评价模型风险评价结果与实际情况相符,可为城市燃气管道风险预警与管理提供依据。     

Characterization of municipal solid waste temporary storage sites: Risks posed to surrounding areas as a consequence of fire incidents

In this study temporary storage sites of municipal solid waste were characterized based on their potential social, health and environmental impacts as a consequence of spontaneous fires, by employing Boolean as well as weighted-linear-combination approaches in connection with various fuzzy set functions of population density around the storage sites. Sweden was used as the case study and data from 105 storage sites were analysed; of these, 38 were identified to be posing high risk for downwind residing population. Furthermore, during the past 10 years, the fire frequency and the average population residing within a radius of 1, 2, and 3 km were found to be comparatively higher for storage sites owned by private companies than for those owned by municipalities. The study provided first-cut information of poorly sited temporary storage sites and can help in formalizing the comprehensive risk analysis in the future.     

防护装饰性镀层16年大气曝露试验

介绍了几种不同组合的防护装饰性镀层经16年大气曝露试验后的情况。结果表明：具有约40μm厚度的多层镍 微孔铬或微裂纹铬组合镀层可以有效地保护钢铁基体在亚热带气候条件下免遭腐蚀：而厚度达60μm的普通铜 镍 铬、镍 铬组合镀层对钢铁基体不能提供可靠的腐蚀保护。     

火电厂清洁生产与环境管理一体化实施初探

火电厂清洁生产的推行,需运用系统的观点,运用清洁生产审核这一重要的技术手段,提出方案并实施.火电厂清洁生产的持续性特点,需要建立火电厂环境管理体系来支持.文章从技术手段和管理手段的角度,提出火电厂清洁生产与环境管理体系一体化实施的观点.