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51.
为准确识别管道系统运行工况,提高对油气管道突发事故的响应速度,综合提升管网安全管理水平,提出1种基于时序片段的油气管道运行工况识别方法。首先,构建基于概率分布的状态变化识别模型,提取油气管道中不同运行状态点;其次,建立基于时间序列片段的工况识别模型,快速识别不同时间长度内油气管道运行工况;最后,以国内某成品油管道为例进行方法验证。研究结果表明:该方法可有效识别成品油管道阀门开关状态、泵异常停机和阀门内漏3种运行工况。对比传统的识别方法,该方法可降低状态变化点的漏报率,提升管道运行工况识别的准确率。研究结果可为油气管道系统运行工况识别提供新的借鉴方法。 相似文献
52.
Akira KONDO Esrom HAMONANGAN Satoshi SODA Akikazu KAGA Yoshio INOUE Masaharu EGUCHI Yuta YASAKA 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(6):709-713
Total suspended particulate mater (TSP) concentrations were monitored for one year from July 2000 and for one year from April 2003 in Jakarta City. Thirteen elemental TSP components, aluminum (Al), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), bromine (Br), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V) were analyzed by a sequential X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Al, Na, Fe, K, and Pb were major components at most of the sampling locations in 2000. However, only Pb in 2003 dramatically decreased to one tenth. The phase-out of leaded gasoline began on July 1, 2001 in Jakarta City and lead content in gasoline decreased to one tenth, too. The decrease in Pb concentration was a result of the phase-out of leaded gasoline, as lead emissions mainly are exhaust gas from vehicles. 相似文献
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Mehlich 1(M1), mehlich 3(M3) and CaCl2 DTPA have been used to predict the available micronutrient in soil. However, the forms of micronutrient extractable by these extractants are not known. In the present study, ten soils, collected from five provinces and the capital of China, representing a wide range of chemical and physical properties, were analyzed by sequential extraction to isolate five forms of cobalt and nickel, they are exchangeable, carbonate bound, Fe Mn oxide bound, organically bound and residual forms. The chemical forms extracted by M1, M3 and CaCl2 DTPA were also investigated. The results show strong correlation between the carbonate bound or organically bound forms of Co or Ni and the amounts of extractable by any of the above three extractants. The main forms extracted by these extractants are carbonate and organically bound forms. The ranking of these three extractants for extraction of Co and Ni are M1>M3=CaCl2 DTPA and M1=M3>CaCl2 DTPA, respectively. 相似文献
55.
介绍了船舶在航更换压载水的各种方法,包括逐一更换法,注入顶出法和稀释法。并将各种方法从对船舶和船员的安全所造成的影响两方面进行了比较。 相似文献
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研究了γ 6 6 6在有机碳含量分别为 <0 0 8% ,0 40 %± 0 0 6 %和 1 0 0 %± 0 2 8%而铁含量依次增加的三组土样中的光解动力学 ,γ 6 6 6的光解符合准一级动力学方程 .当土样中的铁含量相对不变时 ,γ 6 6 6的光降解动力学常数与有机质含量成负相关 ;而当土样中的有机碳含量相对不变时 ,光解动力学常数与铁含量成线性正相关 .为进一步验证土壤有机质对γ 6 6 6的光解的作用 ,采用土壤化学逐级分离法将一土样中的碳酸钙和有机质逐一去除而得到一级和二级土样 ,发现γ 6 6 6在这两级土样中的光解动力学常数依次为 0 0 12 9h-1和 0 0 2 31h-1,再次证明土壤有机质对γ 6 6 6的光解有明显抑制作用 相似文献
58.
序批式气提生物反应器(SABR)处理氯苯胺类有机废水好氧污泥颗粒化研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
研究了序批式气提生物反应器(SABR)处理氯苯胺类(CAs)有机废水过程中好氧污泥的颗粒化.SABR运行15d后,反应器内出现细小污泥颗粒,通过缩短循环时间与污泥沉降时间,并逐步提高COD与CAs进水负荷,SABR运行48d后污泥颗粒化明显;反应器在循环时间为12h、污泥沉降时间为6min、表面气速为2.4cm.s-1、COD负荷为1.0~3.6kg.m-3.d-1、CAs负荷逐步提升至800g.m-3.d-1的条件下继续运行50d,SABR污泥颗粒化趋于成熟,COD、CAs去除率稳定在90%、99.9%以上.根据污泥形态、最小沉降速率、SVI和目标污染物降解性能的变化,好氧污泥颗粒化过程可分为启动期、颗粒污泥形成期、生长期和成熟期.成熟好氧颗粒污泥粒径为0.9~2.5mm,平均颗粒密度为64g.L-1(以MLVSS计),污泥最小沉降速率为68.4m.h-1,SOUR为167mg.g-1.h-1;颗粒污泥外形为圆形或椭圆形,呈橙黄色,结构较致密,颗粒内外分布有丰富的类球菌、类短杆菌,与胞外多聚物交织共存. 相似文献
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Moreno Rodriguez MJ Cala Rivero V Jiménez Ballesta R 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2005,27(5-6):513-519
Selenium was determined from 25 topsoils and 25 plants in the semi-arid Central Spain where large extents of soils are developed
on evaporitic materials. Some species of vegetation associated with them are of the genera Astragalus, Salsola, Mercurialis, Phlomis, Thymus and Atriplex. Total selenium in soils was determined and its bioavailability assessed by chemical sequential fractionation. Se content
in soils was adequate (in the range 0.17–0.39 mg kg−1) or large (in the range 0.50–4.38 mg kg−1) and appeared in highly and/or potentially available forms. Several plant species showed high Se levels (in the range 5–14.3 mg kg−1), which can be a potential risk of toxicity to animals. Data obtained from the study area can be used as a guide to the range
of values in soils and plants of the European Mediterranean area that are relatively unpolluted from industrial sources, allowing
comparison with more polluted areas. 相似文献