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231.
散射光下铁(Ⅲ)-丙酮酸盐配合物还原铬(Ⅵ)的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了在散射光下铁(Ⅲ)-丙酮酸盐配合物对铬(Ⅵ)的光还原反应;考察了溶液pH、铁(Ⅲ)、丙酮酸钠、铬(Ⅵ)浓度对反应的影响;分析了铬(Ⅵ)光还原反应的动力学。实验结果表明:铁(Ⅲ)-丙酮酸盐配合物体系能在较弱的散射光下还原铬(Ⅵ)。在铬(Ⅵ)浓度为19.2μmol/L、铁(Ⅲ)浓度为10.0μmol/L、丙酮酸钠浓度为240μmol/L、pH为3.0、光照240min的条件下,铬(Ⅵ)的还原率达到99.7%。从表观动力学方程的反应级数看,铁(Ⅲ)的级数(0.83)最高,铁(Ⅲ)浓度是影响铬(Ⅵ)光还原反廊速率的主要因素.铁(Ⅱ)是铬(Ⅵ)光还原的主要还原剂。 相似文献
232.
233.
In field arsenic removal from natural water by zero-valent iron assisted by solar radiation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cornejo L Lienqueo H Arenas M Acarapi J Contreras D Yáñez J Mansilla HD 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):827-831
An in situ arsenic removal method applicable to highly contaminated water is presented. The method is based in the use of steel wool, lemon juice and solar radiation. The method was evaluated using water from the Camarones River, Atacama Desert in northern Chile, in which the arsenic concentration ranges between 1000 and 1300 μg L−1. Response surface method analysis was used to optimize the amount of zero-valent iron (steel wool) and the citrate concentration (lemon juice) to be used. The optimal conditions when using solar radiation to remove arsenic from natural water from the Camarones river are: 1.3 g L−1 of steel wool and one drop (ca. 0.04 mL) of lemon juice. Under these conditions, removal percentages are higher than 99.5% and the final arsenic concentration is below 10 μg L−1. This highly effective arsenic removal method is easy to use and inexpensive to implement. 相似文献
234.
235.
Xiaojian Zhang Zilong Mi Yang Wang Shuming Liu Zhangbin Niu Pinpin Lu Jun Wang Junnong Gu Chao Chen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2014,8(3):417-426
A red water phenomenon occurred in several communities few days after the change of water source in Beijing, China in 2008. In this study, the origin of this problem, the mechanism of iron release and various control measures were investigated. The results indicated that a significant increase in sulphate concentration as a result of the new water source was the cause of the red water phenomenon. The mechanism of iron release was found that the high-concentration sulphate in the new water source disrupted the stable shell of scale on the inner pipe and led to the release of iron compounds. Experiments showed that the iron release rate in the new source water within pipe section was over 11-fold higher than that occurring within the local source water. The recovery of tap water quality lasted several months despite ameliora- tive measures being implemented, including adding phosphate, reducing the overall proportion of the new water source, elevating the pH and alkalinity, and utilizing free chlorine as a disinfectant instead of chloramine. Adding phosphate was more effective and more practical than the other measures. The iron release rate was decreased after the addition of 1.5 mg. L-1 orthophosphate- P, tripolyphosphate-P and hexametaphosphate-P by 68%, 83% and 87%, respectively. Elevating the pH and alkalinity also reduced the iron release rate by 50%. However, the iron release rate did not decreased after replacing chloramine by 0.5-0.8 mg. L-1 of free chlorine as disinfectant. 相似文献
236.
海底铁锰氧化还原过程的模拟研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文用室内海水-沉积物平衡箱研究了沉积物间隙水中铁、锰的垂直变化分布和随时间变化的分布,Fe~(2+)随深度、时间的变化幅度大,在六个月的实验期内均是如此,而Mn~(2+)在放置三个月后即趋于稳定;Fe~(2+),Mn~(2+)产生的宏观经验动力学表明:Fe~(2+)受pH影响远比Mn~(2+)大,且随着深度的增加更为明显,Fe~(2+)在较下层产生速率大,而Mn~(2+)反之;Fe~(2+)的扩散转移是上覆海水向沉积物中转移,扩散量为-60.7ug/m~2d,Nn~(2+)转移方向相反,扩散量为1746.2ug/m~2.d。 相似文献
237.
238.
铁炭内电解-厌氧-好氧工艺处理阿维菌素废水的试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
血清瓶毒性试验表明 ,AVM对厌氧消化产生强烈的抑制作用。AVM废水经铁炭内电解预处理后 ,COD和AVM的去除率分别达到 19.5 %和 6 8.5 % ,可大大降低废水的毒性。预处理出水再经UASB +生物接触氧化反应器进一步处理 ,当生化系统进水COD为 6 0 0 0— 6 5 0 0mg/L时 ,出水COD为 2 5 0— 2 80mg/L ,总COD去除率达到 95 .6 % ,出水达到生物制药行业排放标准 相似文献
239.
铁阳极电凝聚处理活性黑KN-B染料废水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对铁阳极电凝聚处理活性黑KN-B染料废水过程进行了实验研究.考察了电流密度、染料溶液初始pH值、电介质浓度及种类、温度、染料浓度等因素对脱色效率的影响.结果表明,在一定实验条件下,活性黑KN-B模拟废水的脱色效率达93%;电流强度、染料浓度、电解液初始pH值及电解质的种类对染料溶液脱色效率影响显著,电解液温度、电解质的浓度对脱色效率的影响不明显;以铁为阳极的原位电凝聚处理活性黑KN-B模拟废水混凝过程中主要作用机理以吸附电性中和为主;电凝聚过程中活性黑KN-B在阴极上发生了还原反应. 相似文献
240.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are recognized as a new class of widely-distributed and persistent contaminants for which effective treatment and remediation technologies are needed. In this study, two kinds of commercially available nanoscale Fe0 slurries (Nanofer N25 and N25S), a freeze-dried laboratory-synthesized Fe0 nanoparticle (nZVI), and their palladized forms were used to investigate the effect of particle properties and catalyst on PBDE debromination kinetics and pathways. Nanofers and their palladized forms were found to debrominate PBDEs effectively. The laboratory-synthesized Fe0 nanoparticles also debrominated PBDEs, but were slower due to deactivation by the freeze-drying and stabilization processes in the laboratory synthesis. An organic modifier, polyacrylic acid (PAA), bound on N25S slowed PBDE debromination by a factor of three to four compared to N25. The activity of palladized nZVI (nZVI/Pd) was optimized at 0.3 Pd/Fe wt% in our system. N25 could debrominate selected environmentally-abundant PBDEs, including BDE 209, 183, 153, 99, and 47, to end products di-BDEs, mono-BDEs and diphenyl ether (DE) in one week, while nZVI/Pd (0.3 Pd/Fe wt%) mainly resulted in DE as a final product. Step-wise major PBDE debromination pathways by unamended and palladized Fe0 are described and compared. Surface precursor complex formation is an important limiting factor for palladized Fe0 reduction as demonstrated by PBDE pathways where steric hindrance and rapid sequential debromination of adjacent bromines play an important role. 相似文献