空白值校正法无汞快速测定地表水化学需氧量

探讨了K2Cr2O7在不同酸度的硫酸介质中的化学行为,确定9 mol/L H2SO4为K2Cr2O7法测定地表水COD的合理酸度。多种有机物消解试验及半年多地表水样跟踪检测,将消解回流时间从2小时缩短到30分钟之内是可行的。氯离子(Cl-)干扰可用生成AgCl沉淀和空白值校正的办法消除。此方法的检出下限是11mg/L,样品测定的加标回收率在96%～101%。此方法不仅缩短了回流时间、减少了汞带来的二次污染,从而实现无汞快速测定地表水COD。     

浅析黑龙江省松花江入境水质指标的变化规律

在黑龙江省松花江入境断面(肇源断面)内选择监测点,对不同月份的水体中化学需氧量、总磷、氨氮和粪大肠菌群数量的动态监测。结果表明,不同时期河流中的化学需氧量、总磷、氨氮和粪大肠菌群数量变化趋势不同,在夏季时化学需氧量和总磷的浓度较高,而氨氮的浓度在1月份较高,粪大肠菌群数量在8月份最大。     

海洋环境中氧同位素示踪物技术

本文简要地介绍了在环境海洋学中的氧同位素示踪物技术，它有望成为大洋环流研究中一种新的可靠方法。以热带西太平洋和东海黑潮区等为例，文章对运用氧同位素示踪物技术以及氧同位素与盐度的相羞生描述海流的输运过程、水平和垂直扩散过程以及水团特征和混合过程等问题加以阐述。     

Effects of Cu（Ⅱ） and humic acid on atrazine photodegradation

This work was designed to explore the characteristics of photodegradation of herbicides in the copper-polluted water body. The results showed that Cu(II) alone could induce a photo Fenton-like reaction to enhance the degradation of atrazine, in which hydroxyl radical ( OH) was a main active species. Humic acids restrained atrazine degradation, nevertheless, when introducing Cu(II), the photodegradation was accelerated, in which singlet oxygen (1O2) replaced OH acting as the prevailing species. A feasible mechanism for the photochemical process was also proposed, which is helpful for better understanding the environmental photochemistry of atrazine in the copper-polluted water.     

好氧颗粒污泥处理青霉素废水研究

青霉素在其生产过中产生大量的废水,其COD值较高,生化性较差,成分复杂,微生物难以降解,其处理技术是世界性难题。文章采用以葡萄糖模拟废水培养的好氧颗粒污泥为接种体,经青霉素废水逐步驯化后,使其完全处理青霉素废水。实验结果表明,应用好氧颗粒污泥技术,处理青霉素废水,COD,NH3_N,TP去除率较高,具有很好的处理效果。     

Quantum dots enhance Cu2+-induced hepatic L02 cells toxicity

As a new class of xenogenous nanoparticle,quantum dots (QDs) possess the potential to co-exist with Cu2+ in human liver.The combined toxicity is thus concerned.Considering QDs and Cu2+ are known ROS (reactive oxygen species) inducer,we investigated the combined oxidative stress and corresponding protective strategy using human hepatic L02 cells.The results demonstrated that the presence of a small amount of MPA-CdTe QDs (2 μg/mL) in a Cu2+ solution (2.5-20 μg/mL) resulted in a higher toxicity with up to 8-fold cell viability decrease,which was accompanied by cell morphology changes.The combined toxicity was then confirmed as ROS associated oxidative stress with up to 300% and 35% increase of the intracellular ROS level and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity,respectively.N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can also provide almost complete protection against the induced toxicity.Therefore,the ROS associated oxidant injury might be responsible for the QDs-Cu2+/Cu2+ induced toxicity and could be balanced through cytoprotective antioxidant enzyme GST.     

城市生活垃圾堆肥动态工艺 DANO 的研究

研究了DANO式动态堆肥工艺处理我国城市生活垃圾的主要参数。结果表明,对有机物含量为50％～60％的堆料,初步稳定化时间为3～4日,耗氧速率每分钟为0.1％～0.2％,温度高于50℃;达到完全稳定化,所需时间为14～15日,具体数值与堆料特性有关。有机物含量低于40％的堆料,则不宜以本工艺处理。     

全程自养脱氨氮悬浮填料床反应器性能的研究

以NH+4-N溶液为基质建立和启运了全程自养脱氨氮悬浮填料床反应器,反应器连续运行的实验结果表明在pH为8.0～8.5、溶解氧为0.7～1.0mg/L和温度为28℃的条件下.当氨氮表面负荷为2～2.5g/(m2@d)时,其表面去除速率为1.1～1.3/(m2@d),全程自养脱氮率基本稳定在55%左右;全程自养脱氮的最适pH范围为7.5～8,5,其中最佳pH为8.0左右;最适溶解氧范围为0.5～1.5mg/L,其中尤以0.8～1.0ms/L左右为最佳.     

生物传感器快速测定BOD在海洋监测中的应用

选用一株耐高渗透压的酵母菌种作为敏感材料可以实现BOD的快速测定。采用海藻酸钙包埋法和聚乙烯醇包埋法两种细胞固定化方法并进行了比较。就聚乙烯醇固定化微生物进行了渗稼压和重金属离子影响的研究。     

JHC－1型COD自动检测仪在污水处理场的应用

选用ＪＨＣ一且型ＣＯＤ自动检测仪对生化进口的ＣＯＤ值连续在线监测，在一年多的运行中检验了仪器的检测精度和准确度，并根据仪器的现场运行情况对仪器进行了一些完善，使之能较好地运行在实际生产中．