基于相对资源承载力的青岛市主体功能区区划

本文根据相对资源承载力研究方法,以全国作为参照区域计算了2005～2008年青岛市主要辖区相对自然资源承载力、相对经济资源承载力和综合承载力.分析结果表明:①对于相对自然资源承载力而言,平度市处于富余状态;莱西市处于临界状态;胶州市、即墨市、胶南市处于超载状态:青岛市市区则处于严重超载状态.相对自然资源承载力序列(由富余到超载):平度市>莱西市>胶州市>胶南市>即墨市>市区.②青岛市各辖区相对经济资源承载力全部处于富余状态,其中市区的相对经济资源承载能力最大.相对经济资源承载力序列(由富余到超载):市区>胶州市>胶南市>即墨市>藁西市>平度市.③青岛市各主要辖区综合承载力全部处于富余状态,且基本保持稳定.综合承载力序列(由大到小):市区>平度市>即墨市>胶州市>胶南市>莱西市.在此基础上.本文对青岛市2005-2008期间主要辖区的主体功能区进行了区划,结果显示青岛市所辖6市区均属于优化开发区,在"十二五"期间.产业调整与优化仍是区域可持续发展的重中之重.     

山东半岛城市群地区空间极化及其影响因素研究

以县（市）作为研究单元,采用综合指数法,分别计算山东半岛城市群1986、2008年经济社会发展综合指数,通过比较各单元经济社会发展综合指数的变化,研究了20世纪80年代以来山东半岛城市群地区空间极化的特点;采用面板数据模型,定量探讨了山东半岛城市群地区空间极化的影响因素。研究表明：山东半岛城市群地区经济活动有明显的经济中心指向、沿海指向,空间发展依然以极化为主,新的发展极已经出现,但分布在区域的边缘地带,带动作用不大;大都市区整体规模加剧膨胀,核心和外围地区出现极化和反极化现象;东部地区出现网络化发展的雏形。原有经济基础、产业结构转换能力和经济全球化水平是改革开放以来山东半岛城市群地区空间极化的主要影响因素     

REGIONAL FLOOD EQUATIONS FOR THE PROVINCES OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC1

ABSTRACT: When nonparametric frequency analysis was performed on 183 stations from Ontario and Quebec, unimodal and multimodal maximum annual flood density functions were discovered. In order to determine generating mechanisms, a monthly partitioning of the annual maximum floods was undertaken. The timing of the floods revealed that the unimodal distributions reflected a single flood generating mechanism while the multi-modal densities reflected two or more mechanisms. Based on the division of the flood series by mechanisms, nine homogeneous regions were delineated. L-moment distributional homogeneity tests along with smaller standard errors for the regional equations supported the delineation.     

中国与欧美非道路移动机械排放标准对比分析

随着非道路移动机械保有量与使用量的不断增加,其排放造成的环境问题日益严重,相关的防治策略研究亟待加强。本研究首先总结了中国与欧美对非道路移动机械类型的划分方式及标准;其次,对中国与欧美的非道路移动机械排放标准进行归纳;最后,对现行中国与欧美的非道路移动机械排放标准进行了全面对比分析,分析发现,国内标准与欧美标准之间仍存在显著差距,以期为国内制定科学的非道路移动机械排放标准提供参考,为污染物防治策略的制定提供理论支撑。     

COMPARING METHODS OF HYDROLOGIC REGIONALIZATION1

ABSTRACT: Data splitting is used to compare methods of determining “homogeneous” hydrologic regions. The methods compared use cluster analysis based on similarity of hydrologic characteristics or similarity of characteristics of a stream's drainage basin. Data for 221 stations in Arizona are used to show that the methods, which are a modification of DeCoursey's scheme for defining regions, improve the fit of estimation data to the model, but that is is necessary to have an independent measure of predictive accuracy, such as that provided by data splitting, to demonstrate improved predictive accuracy. The methods used the complete linkage algorithm for cluster analysis and computed weighted average estimates of hydrologic characteristics at ungaged sites.     

发达与欠发达地区耕地保护行为中的利益机制分析

本文从当前发达与欠发达地区耕地保护上的利益矛盾入手，以它们之间的内在经济关系为基础，运用局部均衡分析方法，构建了一个简单的经济模型，对上述矛盾“零和博弈”的长期效应进行了揭示，并讨论了消除这种不良影响的政策或制度安排。     

寒区典型湿地浮游植物功能群季节变化及其与环境因子关系

安邦河湿地是一个典型的寒区湿地,本文运用功能群的方法对其浮游植物季节变化进行研究,并运用多元分析方法分析其与环境因子的关系.安邦河湿地共有浮游植物种8门104种,划分为14个功能群,分别是C、D、E、F、H1、J、Lo、M、MP、N、P、SN、X1和Y.其中重要功能群是C、D、E、J、Lo、N、P和Y.浮游植物的功能群组成季节变化明显,春季以功能群E和Lo生物量所占比例最大,分别为27.45%和20.49%;夏季以功能群D、J、P占优,为28.59%、18.53%和19.47%;秋季以功能群J、P为主,占39.65%和13.34%.可见,安邦河湿地浮游植物功能群的季节变化呈现为E+Lo→D+J+P→J+P的特点,反映了水环境特征:春季低水温低营养盐、夏季高水温高营养盐且水体混浊、秋季水温和营养盐均较高.运用冗余分析(RDA)分析浮游植物功能群与环境因子之间的关系,结果显示水温(WT)、无机氮(DIN)和溶解性磷酸盐(SRP)是安邦河湿地浮游植物功能群季节变化的主要环境因子.     

WTO规则对西部开发的影响、风险及机遇浅析

随着中国加入WTO和西部大开发战略的实施 ,依法治国无疑是改善投资环境、促进西部开发的最有效手段之一。本文根据WTO基本原则与法制经济的相互关系和影响深入浅出地论述了WTO对西部开发的影响、风险及机遇 ,并提出了针对性的策略     

Ecotourism Model and Benefits of Periphery Regions in Western Sichuan Province

There are many problems in the minority regions of western Sichuan Province, such as serious soil erosion, fragile ecological environment, low levels of economy and so on. Ad-vantages of tourism resources in the "periphery regions" should be fully utilized, and "multi-tourism" meets the characteristics and present situation of the minority regions. The "multi-tourism de-velopment model" can exert the functions of tourism as the key industry. Based on the demands and the internal linkages among different industries, the model can accelerate the development of related-industries, such as eco-agriculture, eco-industry and so on. Through implementing the multi-tourism model, we can fully utilize the advantages of the periphery regions and promote the sustainable development of regional economy.     

Evaluation of ecotourism development in rural regions of China

The current status of ecotourism in rural China was analyzed in this paper.Empirical surveys covering the whole country indicate that ecotourism in rural China has attracted a large number of tourists who,however,didn’t generate revenues that can match the number.Although the environmental quality of those rural ecotourism destinations is high with little negative impacts,several problems have already appeared,suggesting a need to monitor those areas.The current practice of interpretation in most rural ecotourism destinations did not provide environmental education opportunities to the tourists.And local communities need more effective ways to decide on the prospects of local ecotourism development by themselves.Finally,a few recommendations for improving the sustainability of ecotourism destinations were provided.