水淬铜渣技术要求标准研究

面对绿色发展的新形势,我国正在大力推进固废的资源化利用工作,提升标准化水平。论述了编制水淬铜渣标准的意义和作用,介绍了标准研制的原则,以及水淬铜渣的技术要求、试验方法、检验规则等,通过标准的研制与实施,将引领并规范水淬铜渣的应用。     

粉煤灰活化技术在诺砂制品中的应用研究

对激发粉煤灰活性的方法(物理活化和化学活化)进行了探讨,提出了一种能够大幅度提高粉煤灰活性的有效方法——细磨和化学激发复合方法。用此法活化粉煤灰制得的诺砂制品,其早期强度显著提高。同时对其活化机理进行了分析。     

Porous materials produced from incineration ash using thermal plasma technology

This study presents a novel thermal plasma melting technique for neutralizing and recycling municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash residues. MSWI ash residues were converted into water-quenched vitrified slag using plasma vitrification, which is environmentally benign. Slag is adopted as a raw material in producing porous materials for architectural and decorative applications, eliminating the problem of its disposal. Porous materials are produced using water-quenched vitrified slag with Portland cement and foaming agent. The true density, bulk density, porosity and water absorption ratio of the foamed specimens are studied here by varying the size of the slag particles, the water-to-solid ratio, and the ratio of the weights of the core materials, including the water-quenched vitrified slag and cement. The thermal conductivity and flexural strength of porous panels are also determined. The experimental results show the bulk density and the porosity of the porous materials are 0.9–1.2 g cm^?3 and 50–60%, respectively, and the pore structure has a closed form. The thermal conductivity of the porous material is 0.1946 W m^?1 K^?1. Therefore, the slag composite materials are lightweight and thermal insulators having considerable potential for building applications.     

钢渣资源化利用技术现况和探讨

介绍了目前我国钢渣预处理工艺和尾渣资源化利用的主要方法,并对钢渣的资源化利用发展进行了探讨。我国钢渣的资源化利用主要受到地域、钢渣性质以及市场3方面因素的限制。建议大力推广钢渣有压热闷等先进钢渣预处理技术,使钢渣处理更加高效、环保。钢渣尾渣用于制备胶凝材料和道路建设是大批量消纳钢渣的可行方法,应争取政府和财政的支持,推动跨行业的合作,促进钢渣的资源化利用。     

Recycling of Malaysia’s electric arc furnace (EAF) slag waste into heavy-duty green ceramic tile

Recently, various solid wastes from industry such as glass waste, fly ash, sewage sludge and slag have been recycled into various value-added products such as ceramic tile. The conventional solutions of dumping the wastes in landfills or incineration, including in Malaysia are getting obsolete as the annual huge amount of the solid wastes would boost-up disposal cost and may cause permanent damage to the flora and fauna. This recent waste recycling approach is much better and greener as it can resolve problems associated with over-limit storage of industrial wastes and reduce exploration of natural resources for ceramic tile to continuously sustain the nature. Therefore, in this project, an attempt was made to recycle electric arc furnace (EAF) slag waste, obtained from Malaysia’s steel making industry, into ceramic tile via conventional powder compaction method. The research work was divided into two stages. The first stage was to evaluate the suitability of EAF slag in ceramic tile by varying weight percentage of EAF slag (40 wt.%, 50 wt.% and 60 wt.%) and ball clay (40 wt.%, 50 wt.% and 60 wt.%), with no addition of silica and potash feldspar. In the second stage, the weight percentage of EAF slag was fixed at 40 wt.% and the percentage of ball clay (30 wt.% and 40 wt.%), feldspar (10 wt.% and 20 wt.%) and silica (10 wt.% and 20 wt.%) added was varied accordingly. Results obtained show that as weight percentage of EAF slag increased up to 60 wt.%, the percentage of apparent porosity and water absorption also rose, with a reduction in tile flexural strength and increased porosity. On the other hand, limiting the weight percentage of EAF slag to 40 wt.% while increasing the weight percentage of ball clay led to a higher total percentage of anorthite and wollastonite minerals, resulting in higher flexural strength. It was found that introduction of silica and feldspar further improved the flexural strength due to optimization of densification process. The highest flexural strength, lowest apparent porosity and water absorption of EAF slag based tile was attained at the composition of 40 wt.% EAF slag – 30 wt.% ball clay – 10 wt.% feldspar – 20 wt.% silica. The properties of ceramic tile made with EAF slag waste (up to 40 wt.%), especially flexural strength are comparable to those of commercial ceramic tile and are, therefore, suitable as high flexural strength and heavy-duty green ceramic floor tile. Continuous development is currently underway to improve the properties of tile so that this recycling approach could be one of the potential effective, efficient and sustainable solutions in sustaining our nature.     

Transforming submerged-arc welding slags into magnetic glass-ceramics

Submerged-arc welding slag (SAWS) and rice husk (RH) wastes represent two particularly abundant metallurgical and agricultural wastes. This work focusses on the feasibility of SAWS, together with glass cullet and RHs, to develop lightweight porous glass–ceramics that could be useful for technical purposes. Effects of temperatures and amounts of RHs on the porosity and water absorption of porous glass–ceramics were discussed at various dosages of husks up to 20 wt%. Depending on the sintering temperature, XRD measurements confirmed the presence of more than two crystalline phases: diopside, jacobsite, MgAl₂O₄, Ca_1.82Al_3.64Si_0.36O₈ and pyrope. These samples exhibited magnetic properties which were related to the presence of jacobsite phase. Magnetization curve is a characteristic of soft ferromagnetic materials with magnetization saturating at ~0.82 emu/g. The present results show a promising way to treat submerged-arc welding slags, transforming it into useful porous and functional glass–ceramic products via a simple powder technology and sintering approach.     

钢渣堆场扬尘定量计算与控制措施分析

通过对天津钢铁集团有限公司钢渣加工处理过程及钢渣堆场进行现状监测及建模分析,得出不同条 件下钢渣加工及堆存的实际扬尘量,并提出切实有效的环境管理控制措施,为冶金企业在走可持续发展道路过程中降低污染排放、规避环境风险提供了理论依据和技术支撑.     

铬渣处理技术及资源化利用研究进展

随着含铬材料的大量使用,在生产和使用过程中产生了大量的废渣。其中六价铬对人体及环境有很大的毒害作用,因此必须要对其进行资源化处理。本文基于此,详细综述了国内外铬渣处理技术及综合利用进展,药剂稳定化技术处理铬渣将成为铬渣稳定化的一个新的发展方向,无论从环境还是经济角度考虑,都有深远的现实意义。     

某化工厂铬渣堆场及周边土壤重金属污染风险评估研究

针对某搬迁化工厂铬渣堆场及周边土壤,分层分区采集样品分析重金属含量,从生态和人体健康角度对土壤Cr,Ni,Cu,As进行风险评估。结果表明土壤Cr、Cr(Ⅵ)污染较为严重,集中在第一(0 m~1.5 m)和第二层(1.5 m~3 m);Cu、As、Ni污染较轻,集中在第一层。生态风险评估表明随深度增加,潜在生态危害指数降低。生态风险顺序为CrNiAsCu。健康风险评估表明各层土壤均存在Cr(Ⅵ)致癌风险,其余重金属在第一和第二层存在可接受非致癌风险。     

基于炉渣图像处理的生活垃圾焚烧效果快速评测方法

以生活垃圾可燃组分焚烧炉渣为研究对象,基于图像处理技术设计了一种简单快捷的炉渣质量快速评价比色方法 .为验证该方法的可行性,以4种生活垃圾可燃组分（纸类、橡塑、织物、混合组分）制备焚烧炉渣并获取图像信息同时测定热灼减率.结果表明,不同条件下炉渣颜色与热灼减率差异显著,且除橡塑组分外,其余组分炉渣颜色与热灼减率存在显著相关性.选取混合组分炉渣热灼减率与颜色信息分析划分了6个颜色质量等级并生成色卡.该方法将炉渣外貌特征与焚烧炉焚烧效果建立关联,可为垃圾焚烧现场快速评价提供参考.