Comparative study of microbial community structure in di erent filter media of constructed wetland

Comparisons of microbial community structure, in eight filter media of zeolites, anthracite, shale, vermiculite, ceramic filter media, gravel, steel slag and bio-ceramic, were undertaken by analyzing the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition. A total of 20 fatty acids in the range of C11 to C20 were determined but only 13 PLFAs were detected in steel slag. They consist of saturated fatty acids, branched fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The variation of fatty acids was revealed in the relative proportions of these fatty acids in di erent media. The aerobic prokaryotes were the predominant group in all media. The PLFA composition showed significant di erences among the eight di erent media by Tukey’s honestly test. It was found that steel slag was significantly di erent in the microbial community as compared to other filter media, probably due to its alkaline e uent. Steel slag alone is probably not a good choice of substratum in constructed wetlands. The principle components analysis (PCA) showed that zeolites, bio-ceramic, shale and vermiculite had a similar microbial community structure while steel slag and ceramic filter media were distinct from other media.     

废弃液晶屏玻璃基板的行星式球磨工艺研究

以废弃液晶屏玻璃基板为原料,研究了球磨方式和球磨时间在球磨过程中对粉料粒径分布的影响。通过对废弃液晶屏玻璃基板的行星式球磨工艺的研究,探讨了球磨方式、球磨时间等因素对球磨效果的影响,以建立玻璃粉体细化的合理球磨方式和工艺参数。     

钢铁企业循环经济影响因素及作用路径研究

基于企业实力、环境管制、公众参与及绿色竞争等理论,提出了钢铁企业循环经济影响因素及作用路径研究模型,并采用偏最小二乘路径分析法,以我国54家钢铁企业2013年数据为例展开实证研究。结果表明:企业特征因素、市场竞争因素、政府因素对钢铁企业循环经济发展水平有直接影响,且影响效应依次递减;公众因素对循环经济发展水平有间接影响,且影响效应较低。同时,验证了此方法的科学性与适用性。     

钢铁窑炉烟尘PM_(2.5)控制技术与装备

简述了国家863课题"钢铁窑炉烟尘PM_(2.5)控制技术与装备"的目的、意义和研究成果,介绍了细颗粒物预荷电技术、基于海岛纤维的表面超细过滤材料、预荷电袋滤器、"一阀多喷"清灰等技术的最新进展,通过示范工程的成功运行,验证了成果的先进性和实用性。研究成果将为工业窑炉烟尘细颗粒物深度净化提供技术和装备支撑,适用于新建除尘项目和除尘项目改造。     

带肋薄壁钢管混凝土T形柱温度场试验与数值分析

为研究高温下带肋薄壁钢管混凝土T形截面柱温度场的分布规律,采用电热炉进行了温度场试验,进而采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立模型,与试验结果比较,验证模型的可靠性,在此基础上,分析了标准火灾下构件温度分布规律,构件从受火面到构件截面中部,温度逐渐降低,混凝土温度较钢管和钢筋温度明显滞后,且四个阳角温度高于两个阴角温度。在工程常用范围内,分析了受火时间、截面尺寸和加劲肋间距对构件温度场分布的影响,结果表明:随着构件截面尺寸的增大截面温度呈明显降低趋势,随着受火时间的增加钢管温度和混凝土温度呈不同态势增长,而钢筋加劲肋间距变化对温度场影响较小。     

An energy-absorbing sliding seat for reducing neck injury risks in rear impact—analysis for prototype built

Objective: This study investigated overall performance of an energy-absorbing sliding seat concept for whiplash neck injury prevention. The sliding seat allows its seat pan to slide backward for some distance under certain restraint force to absorb crash energy in rear impacts.

Methods: A numerical model that consisted of vehicle interior, seat, seat belt, and BioRID II dummy was built in MADYMO to evaluate whiplash neck injury in rear impact. A parametric study of the effects of sliding seat parameters, including position and cushion stiffness of head restraint, seatback cushion stiffness, recliner characteristics, and especially sliding energy-absorbing (EA) restraint force, on neck injury criteria was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of the sliding seat concept with that of other existing anti-whiplash mechanisms. Optimal sliding seat design configurations in rear crashes of different severities were obtained. A sliding seat prototype with bending of a steel strip as an EA mechanism was fabricated and tested in a sled test environment to validate the concept. The performance of the sliding seat under frontal and rollover impacts was checked to make sure the sliding mechanism did not result in any negative effects.

Results: The protective effect of the sliding seat with EA restraint force is comparable to that of head restraint–based and recliner stiffness–based anti-whiplash mechanisms. EA restraint force levels of 3 kN in rear impacts of low and medium severities and 6 kN in impacts of high severity were obtained from optimization. In frontal collision and rollover, compared to the nonsliding seat, the sliding seat does not result in any negative effects on occupant protection. The sled test results of the sliding seat prototype have shown the effectiveness of the concept for reducing neck injury risks.

Conclusion: As a countermeasure, the sliding seat with appropriate restraint forces can significantly reduce whiplash neck injury risk in rear impacts of low, medium, and high severities with no negative effects on other crash load cases.     

钢铁企业节水评价指标体系的构建

针对中国钢铁行业尚未建立节水评价指标体系的现状,在广泛查阅资料的基础上,遵循科学合理性、目标导向性、实用性和可比性的原则,构建了钢铁企业节水评价指标体系。指标体系的建立使钢铁企业的节水成效具有横向和纵向可比性,有利于调动企业的节水积极性,促进节水技术的发展和推广,为钢铁企业开展节水工作指明目标和方向。     

飞机起落架材料防护技术现状及研究进展

介绍了飞机起落架高强度钢的防护工艺及其防护特点。传统的防护工艺主要是镀铬和镀镉工艺,目前出现了无氰镀镉-钛、高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)涂层、低氢脆刷镀镉等新型防护工艺。通过对各新型防护工艺与传统工艺的工艺性能及耐腐蚀性能进行对比发现,各新型防护工艺都能很好地取代传统的防护工艺应用于飞机起落架的保护。     

组合钢管混凝土式防屈曲支撑

由于河北省图书馆加固改造工程的实际需要,开发出了一种新型组合钢管混凝土式防屈曲支撑。该新型支撑解决了全钢型防屈曲支撑在大长度时难以满足稳定性的问题,而且比起传统钢管混凝土约束的防屈曲支撑,无需考虑内芯与混凝土之间的粘结力问题,加工过程简便、施工速度快,且质量容易控制。现已对此类新型支撑完成了短试件和足尺试件的拟静力滞回性能试验,试验结果表明,新型支撑的滞回曲线饱满稳定,整体稳定性和局部稳定性较好,满足工程要求。     

钢桁架-钢筋混凝土管柱结构风参数试验研究

结构下部空旷,上部挡风墙承担的风荷载对结构下部产生较大作用。我国规范没有对该类结构及其顶部透气性A型架的风参数作具体规定。为解决工程设计中风参数取值问题,进行了刚性模型风洞试验研究,得到了不同工况下挡风墙、A型架、管柱的体型系数及挡风墙的阵风系数,分析了风机、周围建筑物、风向角对相关风参数的影响,给出了相关参数的建议值。并将试验结果与数值模拟计算结果进行了对比分析,结果表明,二者吻合较好,研究结果为工程设计提供了基础资料,可供同类工程参考。