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41.
ABSTRACT: A study was conducted to elucidate some of the chemical factors affecting the rate and pathways of N transformations in lake sediments. The main emphasis was placed on modifying a noncalcareous sediment with CaCO3 to approximate the composition of a calcareous sediment. Additionally, the effects of Ca2+, CO32-, Mg2+ and OH- were evaluated by using appropriate chemicals. Further, the effect of aluminum sulfate was evaluated with both sediment types. Sediment pH at 7 days was not affected by CaCO3, but was decreased by aluminum sulfate. The CaCO3 treatment increased the rate of ammonification, nitrification, reduction of acetylene to ethylene and methane formation, while with few exceptions the other treatments decreased the rate of the transformations studied. Aluminum sulfate, which has been proposed as a lake restoration treatment, increased ammonification but decreased most of the other transformations. 相似文献
42.
通过转座子Tn5诱变和同源重组,构建了Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110聚羟丁酸合成酶基因(phbC)突变体.序列测定确定了转座子插入的精确位置,所获得的4个转座子诱变的质粒其Tn5插在phbC基因内两个相距仅9bp的位点.被Southern和PCR证实的突变体菌株仍能产生相当于野生型菌株12.97%—25.10%的PHB,并且在突变体和野生型菌株总DNA杂交图上都呈现出一条约5kb的阳性带,推测在B.japonicum基因组中存在不止一个聚羟丁酸合成酶基因.图3表4参17 相似文献
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Andrea Corti Salvatore D'Antone Roberto Solaro Emo Chiellini 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1998,6(3):121-131
Different bacterial strains able to attack polyoxyethylene-type nonionic surfactants were isolated by enrichment procedure from the surface waters of the Arno River. Alkylphenol polyethoxylates and alkyl polyethoxylates, as well as polyethylene glycols, were degraded and assimilated by bacterial strains in axenic cultures. Degradative routes of polyethyleneoxide chains were investigated by matching each bacterial isolate with several types of nonionic surfactants and polyethers and by the identification of their degradation products isolated during aerobic digestion experiments. In accordance with previous reports, the first attack led to the shortening of the poly(oxyethylene) chains of the nonionic surfactants. It was found that the strains able to degrade PEG segments of nonionic surfactants possess enzymatic systems unable to degrade free PEGs, whereas those degrading the latter substrates cannot degrade PEG segments coupled to hydrophobic moieties. 相似文献
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系统地研究了影响石灰中和法处理转炉除尘废水含铜沉降速度的因素.结果表明,在搅拌时间10 min和中等搅拌强度的条件下,pH值控制在8.2~9.0范围内能使废水中铜含量在1 h的沉降时间内降至国家排放标准2 mg/L以下.实验还研究了在石灰中和过程中加入适量絮凝剂的影响因素.结果表明,在搅拌时间3 min和相同pH值范围的条件下,加入絮凝剂能使废水中铜含量在30 min的沉降时间内降至国家排放标准2 mg/L以下. 相似文献
48.
本文介绍了石灰、电石渣及CaCl2 分别与聚丙烯酰胺联用处理煤泥水的对比试验研究结果。结果表明 ,三种方法对煤泥水均有较好的处理效果 ,其中CaCl2 法效果最好 ,但药剂费也最高 ,石灰法和电石渣法处理效果相差不大 ,但电石渣法药剂费较低。 相似文献
49.
Skoulikidis T Vassiliou P Tsakona K 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2005,12(1):28-33
Goal and Scope In order to realize surface consolidation of Pentelic marble on the Acropolis monuments, we have collected the criteria that have to be fulfilled by the methods and materials without side effects on the marbles (and other stones). When the existing methods and materials did not satisfy the requirements (criteria), we invented new ones.Methods The criteria were collected from the literature, by thermodynamic and kinetic viewpoints, by laboratory experiments and in situ observations on monuments, both in Greece and in several countries in which the various methods and materials were applied. Concerning our method of ‘Inversion of sulfation’, performed by spraying a K2CO3 solution, its concentration and its temperature were controlled in order to have a total inversion (certified by liquid crystals) of gypsum back to CaCO3. For the new material of ours, ‘Reinforced Lime’, in order to eliminate the disadvantages of plain lime (low carbonation rate, low mechanical properties of CaCO3 formed, lack of carbonation in the bulk of lime), measurements of the rate of carbonation were performed in plain lime and in lime with a different CaCO3 concentration beforehand as well as in a different CO2 environments, using DTG and XRD to measure the rate of carbonation. The detachment (kg/cm2) of marble specimens stuck by lime in each case was also measured. A microscope was also used to measure the dimensions of the grain in each case as well as ammonium citrate and thymolphthalein to certify the depth of carbonation in each case. Part of the work was communicated in an international congress.Results A table with the criteria of the selection of the methods and materials for the consolidation of Pentelic marble surfaces (and other stones) was established. None of the employed methods and materials fulfilled the criteria. Only the ‘Inversion of gypsum ‘ and the ‘Reinforced Lime’ were adopted and applied to the Acropolis monuments and to other monuments in Greece and in several other countries.Recommendation and Outlook All criteria must be used for the selection of methods and materials for the consolidation of the monument surfaces. This is why we have already studied with the same procedures, methods and materials for restoration, surface cleaning and protection. 相似文献
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