以活性污泥作为吸附材料,研究了其对腈纶废水COD的吸附特征。结果表明,活性污泥可吸附腈纶废水中的COD,吸附量可达135 mg/g。伪二级动力学方程能很好地描述活性污泥对腈纶废水中的COD的吸附过程,模型计算出的二级吸附速率常数(k2)为2.3×10-4g/(mg·min);Langmuir方程最适合描述该吸附过程,决定系数在0.96以上。从活性污泥吸附前后腈纶废水中的有机物相对分子质量分级结果可以看出,活性污泥对大分子(30 k Da)有机物有较好的去除,污泥的电镜照片也证明了该点。研究表明,活性污泥吸附可去除腈纶废水中的悬浮物和胶体物,是有效的腈纶废水预处理方法。 相似文献
Objective: Drink driving is widely recognized as a major road safety problem. In Australia, health promotion messages encourage monitoring the number of standard drinks consumed prior to driving. This pilot research aimed to investigate commuting behavior and blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of diners, including intended drivers, at Sunshine Coast restaurants.
Methods: Five hundred and forty-four diners (n = 260 males) consented to participate in a brief interview and to use a breathalyzer device to measure their BAC.
Results: Forty percent of participants advised they don't drink and drive (34% of males, 45% of females; 67.25% of <17–20 years, 30.5% of 50–59 years), and of the remaining participants, 75% advised they count the number of their drinks (69% of males, 84% of females; 32% of <17–20 years, 82% of 50–59 years), while 10% of participants monitored their BAC by how they were feeling (12% of males, 6% of females). Thirty-seven percent of participants said it was easy/very easy to estimate their BAC (41% of males; 33% of females; 21% of <17–20 years, 43% of 50–59 years). The actual BAC was less than expected for 56% of participants, with one-third underestimating BAC and some intended drivers having an actual BAC in excess of the 0.05 limit.
Conclusions: Given the proportion of diners who reported they count the number of drinks, or use feelings as a way to gauge BAC, coupled with the considerable proportion who underestimated their BAC, a safer public health message is to avoid driving if you intend to drink. In addition, targeted intervention for experienced drivers (and, arguably, drinkers) appears warranted, as every participant aged less than 21 years who stated he or she would drive home indeed had a zero BAC. Interestingly every female driver who stated she would be driving home also had a legal BAC, suggesting gender-specific intervention. 相似文献