Effect of acid precipitation on leaching of nutritionsand aluminium from forest soils

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆａｃｉｄｐｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎｏｎｌｅａｃｈｉｎｇｏｆｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄａｌｕｍｉｎｉｕｍｆｒｏｍｆｏｒｅｓｔｓｏｉｌｓＤａｉＺｈａｏｈｕａ；ＬｉａｏＢｏｈａｎ；ＷａｎｇＺｈｉｈａｉＷａｎｇＸｉｎｇｊｕｎ；ＬｉｕＹｕｎｘｉ...     

川西北草原土壤硼、锰丰缺状况初探

根据110余个表层土壤样品硼、锰含量的测定结果和土壤缺乏硼、锰的临界值指标,探究了川西北草原土壤中硼、锰的有效性及其丰缺状况.结果表明,本区土壤中全硼全锰含量丰富分别达166.0ppm和736.6ppm,但有效硼和锰的含量仅分别为0.45ppm和5.11ppm,土壤缺乏硼和锰比较普遍.为该区推广施用硼、锰微肥提供了初步的科学依据.     

土壤中总硒与水溶性硒相关性的环境因素

通过对湖北省部分地区土壤中总硒与水溶性硒的调查研究，分析土壤中总硒与水溶性硒的相关性与自然环境因素的关系。从而探讨导致缺硒和富硒疾病的成因。     

炭素行业推行清洁生产的污染物排放系数研究

推行清洁生产、减少污染物排放量，根本的方法是控制物料流失。本研究对炭素制品生产过程中的投入产出进行物料平衡测算，确定各工序物料流失总量及污染物排放系数，提出减少流失、降低排污系数的措施。     

草甸棕壤对~(210)Pb(Pb)、~(210)Bi的吸附和pH的影响

根据土壤中几种无机配位体浓度,推算了Pb不同沉淀形式所对应的浓度,并将其与~(210)Pb示踪实验测量值对比,证明土壤中Pb主要是以磷酸盐形式存在。~(210)Bi和Pb共沉淀后被土壤吸附。pH对土壤~(210)Pb(Pb)、~(210)Bi、吸附影响曲线形状相似。土壤Pb和~(210)Bi分别在pH值为5和2.6时解吸。测定了土壤—水系统中~(210)Pb和~(210)Bi的分配系数,分别为(0.5—0.6)×10~3和(0.3—3.0)×10~4。     

Transformation of Organic Matter of the Larch Forest Soils in the Northern Taiga of Nizhne-Tungusskoe Plateau, Central Siberia

The evaluation of biospheric role of the boreal forests in the accumulation of carbon is connected with the evaluation of organic matter (OM) pool in soils. The research sites were larch forests, they are situated on Nizhne-Tungusskoe Plateau. Larch forests of feather-moss and lichen types (110 and 380 years old) were formed on 'ochric podbur' soils. Litter stocks are 3.5–4.5 kg m^{− 2} with thickness 10–25 cm. Cryomezomorphic northern taiga soils contains 38–73 t (carbon) ha^{− 1}. Pool of fast mineralized OM has average value 38.1 t (carbon) ha^{− 1}, including 20.5 and 6.4 t (Carbon) ha^{− 1} of labile compounds on surface and in the soil, and 11.2 t (carbon) ha^{− 1} of mobile OM. Microbial mass reaches 1.78–3.47 t (carbon) ha^{− 1}, its proportion is 3.6–4.9% of the total OM carbon. Zoomass of feather-moss larch forest is 0.20–0.61 * 10^{− 2}, in lichen larch forest −0.01–0.07 * 10^{− 2} t (carbon) ha^{− 1}. A pool of resistant to biological decomposition and bonded to mineral soil matrix OM is 17.7 t (carbon) ha^{− 1} and it varies from 18.6 to 29.0 in feather-moss larch forest, and from 6.4 to 17.0 t (carbon) ha^{− 1} in lichen larch forest. Two-years field experiment has been performed to determine transformation rates of various plant litter fractions and to clarify the role of soil biota in these processes. The results showed participation of all biota groups in the decomposition of plant residues caused weight loss of larch-needles and root mortmass. Isolation of organic matter from all-size invertebrate groups leads to some decrease of decomposition activity.     

Environmental chemical study on the marsh of Fatimid cemetery at Aswan City,Egypt

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｓｗａｎｇｏｖｅｒｎｏｒａｔｅ ,Ｅｇｙｐｔ ,ｉｓｆａｍｏｕｓｆｏｒｂｙｍｏｎｕｍｅｎｔｓ (Ａｎｃｉｅｎｔ,ＣｏｐｔｉｃａｎｄＩｓｌａｍｉｃ) .Ｔｈｅｆｏｕｎｄａｔｉｏｎａｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅａｎｄｃａｒｅｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｔａｋｅｎｔｏｓｅｅｔｈａｔｔｈｅｙａｒｅｃｏｎｓｏｌｉｄａｔｅｄａｎｄｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｅｄａｓｆｏｒａｓｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｉｎｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｗａｔｅｒ.Ｗａｔｅｒｉｓａｍａｊｏｒｃａｕｓｅｏｆｄａｍａｇｅ ,ｎｏ…     

土壤对六价铬的还原容量初步研究

提出并讨论了土壤的潜在还原容量、有效还原容量和条件还原容量等概念，通过对采用北京和唐山地下水饮用水源区３个包气带土壤样品的土柱淋滤实验，研究了土壤对水溶液中六价铬的还原作用，研究了上述土壤各种还原容量之间的关系及影响因素，探讨了向土壤中投加适量常见，无毒，价廉的还原性物质以提高土壤还原能力的方法和将其应用于去除灌溉用污染地下水中六价铬的可能性，实验结果表明，在正常环境条件下，土壤的有效还原容量比土     

干旱与半干旱地区土地生产潜力的测定──以新疆阜康县为例

本文探讨了一个通过土壤有效水分含量来确定土地等级和土地生产力的方法。这个方法采用倍增参量形式来确定土壤有效水分。其变量包括潜水位、土层厚度、土壤质地、坡度和盐分。此项研究证明用这种方法获得的土地初级生产力与实测值比较一致。因此，我们可以在类似环境下用这种方法估测土地生产潜力。     

A 1 and 6 month follow-up of prenatal diagnosis patients who lost pregnancies

This paper reports results of an exploratory study of prenatal diagnosis patients who experienced voluntary terminations of pregnancy following the detection of an abnormality or spontaneous miscarriages. The 121 participants were part of the national collaborative Chorionic Villus Sampling and Amniocentesis Study. They completed semi-structured telephone interviews and mailed questionnaires at 1 month and 6 months after the pregnancy losses. Scores on the Profile of Mood States showed that mood levels improved significantly over time. However, there were some declines in loss-related support from partners and others. The persisting distress and difficulties of a minority highlight the variability in women's responses to pregnancy losses. Women who lost pregnancies later in gestation, showed the greatest mood disturbances at initial assessments, used professional mental health assistance after the loss, or reported less satisfactory loss-related support from significant others showed the greatest levels of mood disturbance at the six-month assessment. Follow-up contacts with patients who lose pregnancies should be used to inform women about the variation in possible grief reactions, to assess the extent of support the women are receiving from their partners and significant others, and to provide additional follow-up or referral of those experiencing the greatest distress.