太阳能在农村生活污水处理中的应用

结合农村生活污水处理的现状及处理过程中可能出现的问题,将太阳能技术与传统土地渗滤工艺相结合应用于农村生活污水治理工程,保证水质达到排放标准并能延长工程的使用年限。此外文章还介绍了利用太阳能应用的工艺流程、创新点与应用优势及应用前景。     

化石能源地生态承载力研究

针对当前研究中忽略化石能源地生态承载力的不足,从土地碳吸收功能的角度将生态足迹法与净初级生产力相结合,根据构建的化石能源地生态承载力模型,对东北地区进行了实证研究.结果表明,2004-2008年,东北地区化石能源地生态承载力的区域性差异显著,辽宁最低、吉林居中、黑龙江最高;三省人均化石能源地生态承载力均呈缓慢下降趋势,...     

省辖市辐射事故应急预警机制之我见

目前放射性同位素在我国各领域广泛应用,为及时有效的控制放射性事故,保障公众身体健康和生命安全．避免发生群体性恐慌事件,省辖市环保部门应制定完善的辐射事故应急预譬机制。     

新型超宽带全向线天线的设计与分析

设计了一种新型超宽带全向线天线,采用交叉闭合金属线增强了天线的全向辐射特性,提出了一种小半球加载的天线结构,有效改善了阻抗匹配特性。采用CST软件建立天线模型,进行仿真和优化,并制作实物,进行了性能测试。结果显示,天线在0.45～28.4 GHz频带内,驻波系数小于2,且在全工作频带内方向图稳定,具有良好的水平全向辐射特性。该新型超宽带全向线天线在电磁环境监测等领域具有一定的应用价值。     

Viability of solar photovoltaics as an electricity generation source for Jordan

Viability of solar photovoltaics as an electricity generation source for Jordan was assessed utilising a proposed 5 MW grid‐connected solar photovoltaic power plant. Long‐term (1994–2003) monthly average daily global solar radiation and sunshine duration data for 24 locations – distributed all over the country – were studied and analysed to assess the distribution of radiation and sunshine duration over Jordan, and formed an input to the RetScreen Software for evaluation and analysis of the proposed plant's electricity production and economic feasibility. It was found that depending on the geographical location, the global solar radiation on horizontal surface varied between 1.51 and 2.46 MWh/m²/year with an overall mean value of 2.01 MWh/m²/year for Jordan. The sunshine duration was found to vary, according to the location, between 8.47 and 9.68 hours/day, with a mean value of 9.07 hours/day and about 3311 sunshine hours annually for Jordan. The annual electricity production of the proposed plant varied depending on the location between 6.886 and 11.919 GWh/year, with a mean value of 9.46 GWh/year. The specific yield varied between 340.9 and 196.9 kWh/m², while the mean value was 270.59 kWh/m². Analysis of the annual electricity production of the plant, the specific yield, besides the economic indicators, i.e. internal rate of return, simple payback period, years to positive cash flow, net present value, annual life cycle saving, benefit/cost ratio, and cost of energy – for all sites – showed that Tafila and Karak are the most suitable sites for the solar photovoltaic power plant's development and Wadi Yabis is the worst. The results also showed that an average of 7414.9 tons of greenhouse gases can be avoided annually utilising the proposed plant for electricity generation at any part of Jordan.     

Comparative experimental analysis of the effect of convective heat losses on the performance of parabolic dish water heater

This paper reveals comparative experimental analysis of the effect of variation of natural and forced convection heat losses on the performance of prototype parabolic dish water heater with coated and non-coated receivers. With the above-described system, hot water needs in domestic applications can be fulfilled instantly. A parabolic dish collector was used for instant water heating. Design of solar parabolic dish collector consists of truncated cone-shaped helical coiled receiver made up of copper at focal point. Instantaneous efficiency of 63% and 48% has been achieved with coated and non-coated receivers. This prototype has been evaluated for its performance with water flow rate of 0.0076 kg/s during the months of April and May 2010 at Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India (latitude: 16.42° North, longitude: 74.13° West).     

地下建筑内部环境天然辐射强度监测分析

地下建筑具有重要的民用价值和军事用途,但其内部环境中的天然辐射可能危害人体健康。用多功能辐射测量仪对不同类型的地下建筑进行监测后,经分析发现:地下建筑内部环境中的天然辐射强度总体低于室外地面和地上层室内,这种规律与以往研究结果有所不同;在人员年工作时间正常的情况下,地下建筑内部环境中的天然辐射剂量不超过标准限值1mSv/a,对身体健康无损伤效应,可进行工作和军事活动;但在工作时间足够长的情况下,辐射剂量会超过标准限值1mSv/a,存在年有效剂量超标风险,可能对人体造成损伤,需要在开展工作和军事活动过程中采取防护措施,以确保安全。     

Heat loss analysis: An approach toward the revival of parabolic dish type solar cooker

Present work investigates a noble approach toward the heat loss analysis of parabolic dish type solar cooker. Various experiments have been done on cooking pot to get the input parameter for calculation purposes. Cooking pot was kept at the focus of a parabolic dish type concentrator and repeated experiments have been done to measure solar radiation intensity (direct and Indirect) using a pyrometer, temperature at the focus of parabolic dish using a thermocouple and air velocity using hot wire anemometer to investigate the heat losses from the cooking pot. In the present article, a numerical approach has been performed to define the new parameter called performance index of the cooking pot which decides how the useful energy of working fluid inside the cooking pot approaches concentration ratio of the parabolic dish type solar cooker. The present analysis shows that the performance index varies from 15.45 to 17.66 and efficiency varies from 85.83% to 98.10% with the time of the day.     

电磁辐射设施应用与环境水平关系研究——以四川广播电视塔为例

为掌握四川广播电视塔所产生的电磁辐射对公众的影响,本文分析了位于成都市区的四川广播电视塔的辐射特征,根据相关规范制定了监测方案,并进行了射频综合电场监测。通过分析不同方向和高度的监测结果,归纳电磁辐射设施应用与电磁环境水平之间的关系,得出了四川广播电视塔周围公众居留位置处电磁辐射满足国家标准的结论。     

多普勒气象雷达电磁辐射影响水平分析

通过对多普勒气象雷达的电磁辐射原理和特点进行分析,并对实际建成运行的雷达进行详细的地面、高程断面测试,依据实际测试的数据结果,分析论证新型多普勒气象雷达的电磁辐射影响大小、范围及影响水平。