北斗导航终端设备可靠性加速试验与快速评价技术研究

针对北斗导航终端设备开展传统可靠性试验时间长、成本高,难以实现在短期内完成高可靠性指标考核的现状,借鉴加速试验建模技术和相关标准的加速模型参数,进行北斗导航整机可靠性加速建模,设计加速试验剖面和方案,预先评估出北斗导航终端设备的加速因子,通过一组样品即可完成北斗导航的加速试验,实现对北斗导航终端设备高可靠性指标的快速评估。     

环境试验数据管理系统的应用

介绍了环境试验数据管理系统的功能及组成,阐述了系统建设的目的和达成的目标,并对其在企业内部的应用效果进行了分析。     

River-Stream Connectivity Affects Fish Bioassessment Performance

Stream fish bioassessment methods assume that fish assemblages observed in sample sites reflect responses to local stressors, but fish assemblages are influenced by local factors as well as regional dispersal to and from connected streams. We hypothesized that fish movement to and from refugia and source populations in connected rivers (i.e., riverine dispersal) would weaken or decouple relations between fish community metrics and local environmental conditions. We compared fish-environment relations between streams that flow into large rivers (mainstem tributaries) and streams that lack riverine confluences (headwater tributaries) at multiple spatial grains using data from the USEPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program in the mid-Atlantic highlands, USA (n = 157 sites). Headwater and mainstem tributaries were not different in local environmental conditions, but showed important differences in fish metric responses to environmental quality gradients. Stream sites flowing into mainstem channels within 10 fluvial km showed consistently weaker relations to local environmental conditions than stream sites that lacked such mainstem connections. Moreover, these patterns diminished at longer distances from riverine confluences, consistent with the hypothesis of riverine dispersal. Our results suggest that (1) the precision of fish bioassessment metrics may be improved by calibrating scoring criteria based on the spatial position of sites within stream networks and (2) the spatial grain of fish bioassessment studies may be manipulated to suit objectives by including or excluding fishes exhibiting riverine dispersal.     

两种霉菌试验标准的剖析和试验结果的比较

从霉菌试验菌种、试验温湿度对霉菌试验的影响以及实际试验结果的统计方面进行对比分析,探讨分析GJB150.10—86和GJB4.10—83两个霉菌试验军用标准的适用性。     

提高电子元器件使用可靠性的方法

针对实际工作中元器件使用可靠性方面存在的问题．本文通过在实际工作的经验积累和技术研究总结,在电子元器件的选择与检测控制等方面,提出了提高电子元器件使用可靠性的方法。实践证明,这些方法可以直接应用于电子元器件的工程选择与检测控制。     

太阳能污泥干化在欧洲的应用

太阳能污泥干化指的是利用太阳能为主要能源对污水处理厂污泥进行干化和稳定化的污泥处理技术。该技术运用太阳能,借助传统温室干燥工艺,具有低温干化、运行费用低廉、操作简单、运行安全稳定、干化后的污泥仍保留原有的农用价值等特点。该文主要介绍了该工艺的工作原理及流程,工艺设计参数及其与传统热干化技术相比的优缺点,并简要介绍了该工艺在欧洲市场上的商业应用。     

机柜振动、冲击响应特性的试验研究

机柜是设备的安装架,当其受到某一安装平台的振动与冲击作用后,随着安装位置的不同,机柜内安装的单元设备所经受的振动、冲击量值和谱型也有很大不同。因此对于单元设备的振动、冲击考核条件不应等同于整系统的要求,而应该根据其安装平台的响应制定。     

A level change in mutagenicity of Japanese tap water over the past 12 yr

A relative comparison study of mutagenicity in Japanese tap water was conducted for 1993 and 2005 surveys. It intended to assess the effects of advanced water treatment installations to water works, improvement of raw water quality and improvement of residual HOCl concentration controlling. Sampling points (taps) were the same in both surveys. The results of 245 samples obtained by the Ames Salmonella mutagenicity test (Ames test) were analyzed. The Ames tests were conducted by using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains with and without exogenous activation (S9). With the exception of TA100-S9, the other conditions needed no discussion as a factor in the mutagenicity level change. The average mutagenicity in 1993 and 2005 under the conditions of TA100-S9 were 2600 and 1100 net revertant L⁻¹, respectively. This indicated that the mutagenicity level of Japanese tap water decreased during the 12-yr period. Particularly a remarkable decrease in mutagenicity was observed in the water works where the advanced water treatments were installed during the 12-yr period. The advanced water treatments were effective in decreasing the mutagenicity of tap water. Mutagenicity also decreased in the water works with conventional water treatments; the improvement of residual HOCl concentration controlling was also considered to be effective in decreasing the mutagenicity of tap water.     

论基于EGIS平台的放射源管理系统的开发

放射源管理系统是一种基于环境地理信息系统平台的资源管理系统,是GIS技术与环境监测技术、环境管理技术、数据库技术等各种环境信息分析和处理技术的集成。系统为环保部门提供了一个功能强大的空间信息服务和管理工具,可以直观、方便地获取放射源的监控、管理等数据信息,为环境管理部门的决策提供依据。     

Photodegradation of azithromycin in various aqueous systems under simulated and natural solar radiation: kinetics and identification of photoproducts

This article describes the photolysis of azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic with reported occurrence in environmental waters, under simulated solar radiation. The photodegradation followed first-order reaction kinetics in five matrices examined. In HPLC water, the degradation rate was the slowest (half-life: 20 h), whereas in artificial freshwater supplemented with nitrate (5 mg L⁻¹) or humic acids (0.5 mg L⁻¹) the degradation of azithromycin was enhanced by factors of 5 and 16, respectively, which indicated the role of indirect photolysis involving the formation of highly reactive species. Following chromatographic separation on a UPLC system, the characterization of the transformation products was accomplished using high-resolution QqToF-MS analysis. The presence of seven photoproducts was observed and their formation was postulated to originate from (bis)-N-demethylation in the desosamine sugar, O-demethylation in the cladinose sugar, combinations thereof, as well as from hydrolytic cleavages of the desosamine and/or cladinose residue. Two of these photoproducts could also be detected in natural photodegradation process in river water which was spiked with azithromycin.