2009年姚安6.0级地震强震动应急观测的数据处理及其震害启示

对2009年7月9日云南姚安6.0级地震应急流动观测获取的强余震记录进行了处理和分析,包括记录的滤波及零漂处理,5.2级、4.7级、4.6级三次强余震的PGA、PGV、PGD及PSV、PSD以及对应的谱烈度(St)与相对持时(Td)等的计算及其分析.结果表明:这些强余震近场记录的滤波处理对高频成份影响较大,对低频部分影...     

湖北省1954/2008年历史罕见持续低温冰雪过程对比分析

1954年12月26日-1955年1月18日湖北省遭遇了120年一遇的历史罕见持续低温冰雪灾害。2008年1月13日-2月3日,湖北省再次出现了一次持续低温冰雪过程,严重程度仅次于1954年,为70年一遇。利用常规天气图和数值预报产品资料,应用天气学和波谱分析方法,对比分析了两次过程的环流形势特征及能谱特征。结果表明:两次过程具有基本一致的长波系统背景场、水汽条件、地面冷空气条件;在低温冰雪过程中,850～700hPa存在明显逆温层;中高纬度、中低纬度能量谱强度、输送和转换有明显的变化,并且与天气系统的变化相对应。但是,两次天气过程的表现形式有明显差异,而且前者的主要影响系统,如阻塞高压、低涡、副高和地面冷高压等的强度均明显比后者强。     

Comparison Between Heat Pipe and Direct Heat Exchange Solar Louvre Collectors

International concern about the environmental implications of climate change coupled with increasing demand for energy to fuel modern society has lead to growing interest in using renewable energy sources as alternatives to conventional sources. The work presented in this paper compares two types of solar collector integrated into louvred shading devices. In addition to protecting glazed spaces in buildings from excessive solar gain, the collector would provide the flexibility to produce systems customized for collecting heat over a temperature-range appropriate to particular building services applications at various climates/locations. This would allow considerable savings to be made in primary energy consumption and lead to a reduction in global warming impact. Two solar absorbers, based on different techniques of heat exchange, were tested experimentally. The first was based on a direct heat exchange technique, and the second used heat pipe technology. Various comparisons were made and it was concluded that the heat pipe solar louvre collector was the preferred device.     

红外图谱计算机解析研究

本文提供了被认为比较准确的32种有机分子特征基团红外光谱吸收范围;提出了红外仪扫描时计算机同时采集数据,红外扫描结束后,计算机不用人工干予自动利用有机分子基团的特征吸收峰的峰位、强度信息判断有机分子所含基团的图谱解析方法。并提供了程序设计框图。给出了40个较有代表性化合物的图谱解析实验结果。     

The Holocene Dynamics of Vegetation and Ecological Conditions in the Polar Urals

Palynological, paleocarpological, and paleoentomological analyses of frozen peat deposits near Lake Pereval'noe, the Polar Urals, were performed to reveal the main stages of change in the pattern of vegetation over the period from the beginning of warming after the last Pleistocene glaciation to the late Holocene. Nine to four thousand years ago, the study region (at the present-day upper boundary of open larch forests) was covered with taiga forests, as the climate there was significantly warmer. These were larch–birch forests with an admixture of spruce and, later, spruce forests with larch and birch.     

水体有色溶解有机质的研究进展

有色溶解有机质（CDOM）是溶解有机质（DOM）的重要组成部分,它影响着碳的生物地球化学循环,为水生微生物提供重要的碳源和能源。文章介绍了国内外CDOM的研究进展和动态．主要包括CDOM的紫外吸收光谱研究,荧光光谱研究,并对CDOM中主要成分的荧光峰位置及峰值变化、来源进行论述．最后对CDOM的研究重点作了展望。     

胶粘剂中苯系物的测定

建立了GC-MS联用直接分析粘合剂中挥发性有机化合物的方法。主要研究了利用气相色谱/质谱联用技术测定胶粘剂中苯及二甲苯等苯系物,采用全扫描法分析了其组成,选择离子扫描及内标标准曲线法定量分析了胶粘剂中苯、甲苯、二甲苯。并对苯、甲苯及二甲苯进行定量分析,该方法简便、快速,灵敏、重现性好。     

Characteristic of emissive spectrum and the removal of nitric oxide in N2/O2/NO plasma with argon additive

Although the approach using non-thermal plasma (NTP) for deNOx has been studied for over 15 years,how to achieve higher removal efficiency with lower cost is still a barrier for its industrial application.In order to investigate the impact of the argon additive on the electron density,energy and the nitric oxide reduction process in plasma,the spectrum of the dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure in a coaxial reactor was measured using the monochromater with high resolution and the comparative experiments for NO reduction were carried out simultaneously in the N2/O2/NO plasma stream with and without argon,respectively.The nitrogen molecular spectrum which is attributed to the energy level transition (C3πu→B3πg ) was compared in the wavelength range 300-480 nm and the electron density and temperature were determined by the calculation based on the relative intensities and Stark broadening width of spectral lines.The spectrum results indicated that the argon additive could enhance the intensity of emissive spectrum of plasma,thus the electron concentration as well as the energy was increased,and finally prompted the ionization rate to produce active N,O and O3.The results of NO reduction showed that the NO conversion efficiency increased in the range of 10%-30% with 5% addition of argon in stream comparing with the condition without argon additive.This study will play a positive role in the industrial application of dielectric barrier discharge deNOx reactor.     

我国太阳总辐射气候学计算方法研究

目前太阳辐射主要通过计算获得,因此建立太阳辐射的气候学计算方法十分必要。论文利用中国54个站1961—2000年的逐日太阳总辐射和日照百分率资料,分别以天文辐射、晴天太阳辐射和理想大气太阳辐射作为三种起始值建立了各站的太阳辐射回归方程,并对其经验系数进行聚类分析,分为东部和西部两个地区。然后利用54个站1961—1990年的资料建立了3种起始值情况下,东部、西部地区和全国统一的太阳总辐射计算公式。最后利用这些站1991—2000年的观测资料对所建立的公式进行了检验。结果表明:无论是利用分区还是全国统一公式都是以天文辐射为起始值时计算结果好,其中分区公式比全国统一公式的计算结果精度略高,但差别不大。全国54个站以天文辐射为起始值的分区公式相对误差变化于2.67%~19.30%,平均为7.79%。全国统一公式的相对误差变化于3.33%~18.75%,平均为8.39%。从模拟结果的地区差异看,无论采用何种起始值,都是西部地区模拟误差小于东部地区,这与西部地区干燥、空气湿度小有密切关系。与其他研究结果相比,论文所建立的各种公式模拟结果较好,这是由于采用的资料序列长、站点多。考虑到计算天文辐射所需参数容易获得,因此建议实际应用时,采用以天文辐射为起始值的全国统一公式。     

白腐真菌细胞色素P450的诱导及检测方法研究

以CO结合差光谱为基本检测法,研究了白腐真菌黄孢原毛平革菌中细胞色素P450的诱导和适宜的分离检测方法.结果表明,正己烷对该真菌P450有显著的诱导作用,P450诱导量受正己烷浓度和诱导时间的影响,每小时投加正己烷2μL/mL、诱导6 h可使该真菌微粒体P450比浓度高达140~160 pmol/mg.在此基础上,本研究优化了分离P450时破碎细胞的方法以及光谱法检测P450的条件.破碎细胞时,采用高速分散结合玻璃研磨,比采用玻璃研磨、超声破碎和珠磨等方法分离的微粒体P450含量高1~5倍,是更为适宜的破碎方法.检测CO结合差光谱时,通气和还原条件对P450检测值有显著影响,较适宜的条件为:样品池和对照池分别通入等量的CO和N2,通气流量为3 mL/min(300μL样本),通气时间40 s;通气后投加还原剂低亚硫酸钠,投加浓度为0.4 mol/L.