Hydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic graphene oxide membrane intercalated by TiO2 nanotubes for oil/water separation

GO/TiO₂ membrane was prepared by assembling GO nanosheets and TiO₂ nanotubes. The intercalation of TiO₂ nanotubes enlarged the space of GO interlayers and modified the surface morphology. Hydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic property of GO/TiO₂ membrane was obtained. Water permeability, hydrophilicity, oleophobicity and antifouling ability of GO-based membrane were all enhanced by intercalating TiO₂ nontubes. Membrane technology for oil/water separation has received increasing attention in recent years. In this study, the hydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic membrane with enhanced water permeability and antifouling ability were fabricated by synergistically assembling graphene oxide(GO) nanosheets and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanotubes for oil/water separation. GO/TiO₂ membrane exhibits hydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties with water contact angle of 62° and under water oil contact angle of 162.8°. GO/TiO₂ membrane shows greater water permeability with the water flux up to 531 L/(m²·h·bar), which was more than 5 times that of the pristine GO membrane. Moreover, GO/TiO₂membrane had excellent oil/water separation efficiency and anti-oil-fouling capability, as oil residual in filtrate after separation was below 5 mg/L and flux recovery ratios were over 80%.The results indicate that the intercalation of TiO₂ nanotubes into adjacent GO nanosheets enlarged the channel structure and modified surface topography of the obtained GO/TiO₂ membranes, which improved the hydrophilicity, permeability and anti-oil-fouling ability of the membranes, enlightening the great prospects of GO/TiO₂ membrane in oil-water treatment.     

Visible-light-driven heterostructured g-C3N4/Bi-TiO2 floating photocatalyst with enhanced charge carrier separation for photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa

• Bi doping in TiO₂ enhanced the separation of photo-generated electron-hole. • The performance of photocatalytic degradation of MC-LR was improved. • Coexisting substances have no influence on algal removal performance. • The key reactive oxygen species were h⁺ and ^•OH in the photocatalytic process. The increase in occurrence and severity of cyanobacteria blooms is causing increasing concern; moreover, human and animal health is affected by the toxic effects of Microcystin-LR released into the water. In this paper, a floating photocatalyst for the photocatalytic inactivation of the harmful algae Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) was prepared using a simple sol-gel method, i.e., coating g-C₃N₄ coupled with Bi-doped TiO₂ on Al₂O₃-modified expanded perlite (CBTA for short). The impact of different molar ratios of Bi/Ti on CBTA was considered. The results indicated that Bi doping in TiO₂ inhibited photogenerated electron-hole pair recombination. With 6 h of visible light illumination, 75.9% of M. aeruginosa (initial concentration= 2.7 × 10⁶ cells/L) and 83.7% of Microcystin-LR (initial concentration= 100 μg/L) could be removed with the addition of 2 g/L CBTA-1% (i.e., Bi/Ti molar ratio= 1%). The key reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in the photocatalytic inactivation process are h⁺ and ^•OH. The induction of the Bi⁴⁺/Bi³⁺ species by the incorporation of Bi could narrow the bandgap of TiO₂, trap electrons, and enhance the stability of CBTA-1% in the solutions with coexisting environmental substances.     

环境样品中汞形态分析技术的进展

汞的毒性、环境行为、生物有效性不仅跟其浓度有关,还决定于其化学形态,因此汞的形态分析在环境科学中具有重要意义。样品前处理几乎是汞形态分析研究中不可或缺的步骤,而色谱和光谱/质谱联用技术是目前普遍采用的分离检测方法。文章对近十年来这些方面的研究进展进行了综述,主要包括样品的前处理方法如酸/碱溶剂萃取、微波辅助萃取、固相萃取、固相微萃取、单滴微萃取、分散液液微萃取等,以及色谱（液相色谱、气相色谱）和毛细管电泳与光谱/质谱（紫外可见光谱、原子吸收光谱、原子荧光光谱、等离子体质谱等）的联用技术在汞化合物形态分析中的应用情况。最后提出今后应重点研究建立高效、简便的前处理方法,发展高分离度、高灵敏度、高速度的分离检测联用技术,以便更好地对汞的形态进行分析监测。     

Effect of preozonation on improvement of settleability of solid in highly concentrated organic wastewater of Japanese wheat and sweet potato spirit-distillery

Solid-liquid separation of the wastewater is very difficult because of high viscosity and high SS concentration. In this study, the effectiveness of preozonation on improving the settleability of the solids in wheat and sweet potato wastewaters was investigated using a bench-scale system and pilot treatment system respectively. Results showed that solid-liquid separation in the wheat wastewater was greatly improved by the decanter in the system(SS reduction from 24100 mg/L to 100 mg/L). However, preozonation practice did not show a significant effect on solid-liquid separation of the sweet potato wastewater. Effect of preozonation on solid-liquid separation between wheat and sweet potato wastewater showed different.     

Interaction of PACls with sulfate

IntroductionPolyaluminumchloride (PACl)asamainkindofinorganicpolymerflocculantsisanewhighereffectivewaterandwastewatertreatmentreagent.Basedonthetraditionallow molecularaluminum ,ithasbeendevelopedworldwidesincethe 196 0s(Tang,1994 ;1990 ;1987) .PAClistheintermediateproductofthehydrolysis polymerization ageingprocessofAl(III)undersuitableconditions.Atpresent,itisgenerallyknownthattherearemanypossiblespeciesexistintheAl(III)solution ,suchasmonomers,oligomers,Al13 [AlO4Al12 (OH) 2 4(H2 …     

湖南耒阳水洗高岭土煅烧技术研究

针对湖南耒阳高岭土资源,经过捣浆、洗选、水力旋流、磁选、超细研磨、干燥、窑前打散后,再进行弱还原气氛煅烧试验研究．寻找一条适合水洗高岭土煅烧的工艺技术路线,为高岭土资源今后的持续开发和深加工利用及发展提供可靠的依据．图2,表5,参5．     

高梯度磁分离技术在环境保护中的应用

概述了近２０多年国内外高梯度磁分离技术在废水、废气、废渣处理及给水处理、燃煤脱硫等方面的研究进展,并展望了该技术在环保领域的应用前景。     

城镇化对物流业碳排放变动影响研究

通过对Kaya恒等式的扩展,应用LMDI将城镇化对物流业碳排放变动的影响分解为人口城镇化、空间城镇化、收入城镇化和产业城镇化四种效应,对我国29个省市2007-2013年物流业碳排放变动的机理进行分析。结果表明:考察期内城镇化对我国各省市物流业碳排放变动的促进作用远超非城镇化要素,城镇化已成为推动各省市物流业碳排放的关键因素;且物流业各要素对处于不同城镇化阶段的省市影响并不一致。对成熟城镇化省市而言,收入城镇化和空间城镇化是物流业碳排放的稳定推动因素,人口城镇化则是稳定的抑制因素,产业城镇化刚刚由推动因素转变为抑制因素;对初级和中级城镇化省市而言,人口城镇化的抑制作用和收入城镇化的推动作用依然显著,但空间城镇化和产业城镇化的推动作用正在增强。从城镇化各要素对物流业碳排放变动的贡献来看,收入城镇化的推动作用最大,且对广东等经济大省的推动作用更明显;人口城镇化的抑制作用最大,且对山东、四川等人口大省的抑制作用更显著,但波动剧烈;空间城镇化对东部经济大省的推动作用已趋稳定,但对中西部省市的推动作用持续增强;产业城镇化对各省市的作用差异显著,且均较小。研究认为避免"一刀切"的物流业碳减排政策和城镇化规划、引导居民绿色生活和解决职住分离对我国实现物流业碳减排和新型城镇化建设具有重要帮助。     

三元复合驱采出水处理技术研究进展

针对三元复合驱采出水中含油量和悬浮固体含量高、油水乳状液性质稳定、油水分离困难等问题,简要介绍了三元复合驱采出水的水质特性和油水分离特性,以及破乳、悬浮固体处理等方法的研究进展。重点介绍了目前国内三元复合驱采出水矿场试验采用的处理技术和处理工艺。最后对今后的研究提出了一些建议。     

海上油田含油污水旋流气浮一体化处理设备及其应用

低强度旋流离心力场与气浮组合是一种高效的含油污水处理技术,目前在国外已有较为成熟的产品,尤其是挪威M-I SWACO公司开发的Epcon紧凑型气浮装置已经在海上油田含油污水处理的应用方面取得了众多成功的案例。从Epcon紧凑型气浮装置的基本结构及其工作原理入手,简要叙述了该设备的工艺流程和性能特点,重点介绍了其在世界范围内尤其是在中国西江30-2采油平台上的测试和应用状况,最后介绍了新一代CFU设备的研发动向,为国内自主设计研发含油污水旋流气浮一体化处理设备提供必要的理论指导。