论高职高专英语教学改革——我院英语分级教学探索

根据目前我院英语教学状况,英语公共课有必要改革"单一目标"的教学模式,采用多目标个性化分层教学模式,提高学生英语素质.文中具体探讨了多目标个性化分级教学模式的内涵、实施的前提条件、依据及策略.     

覆冰输电塔-线体系风致动力响应分析

依据流体诱发振动原理,结合已有覆冰计算模型,考虑降雨的分类,模拟了输电塔-线体系不同高度导线的覆冰和风荷载。以东北地区某输电塔为例,对覆冰输电塔-线体系在稳定风速激励下的动力响应进行分析,并与不考虑塔线耦联的导线舞动分析结果及覆冰塔线拟静力的分析结果进行对比,对塔位移、输电线位移、钢材应力进行了分析。研究结果表明:塔-线耦联体系对覆冰导线风振有很大影响,覆冰输电塔抗风设计安全度需要进一步提高。     

喀斯特山区土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响

研究土地利用变化与生态系统服务价值（ESV）的演变对优化喀斯特脆弱山区的土地资源配置和推进生态恢复具有重要意义。以贵州省瓮安县为例,利用2001年、2011年、2019年3期遥感影像数据,通过CA-Markov模型预测2027年土地利用格局,定量分析研究区2001—2027年土地利用和ESV的时空演变趋势。结果表明：瓮安县土地利用类型以林地和耕地为主,耕地向林地的转移较为剧烈,林地和建设用地面积持续增加,建设用地和水域的动态度最大;ESV总体呈上升趋势,耕地向林地转移是ESV增加的主要贡献项,ESV增加区域主要发生在瓮安县西部和东北部地区,未来ESV低值区仍分布在中部城镇地区;服务类型产生的ESV主要以土壤形成与保护服务为主,其次为水源涵养服务和生物多样性保护;林地和耕地是引起研究区ESV变化的敏感因子,研究区ESV对改进的价值系数缺乏弹性。研究期内瓮安县土地利用结构变化显著,生态系统服务价值明显提升。

     

城市生活垃圾渗透系数测试研究

采用常水头测渗实验，对不同压实密度和水力梯度下的新鲜垃圾与陈垃圾的渗透系数进行测试，根据达西定律求得渗透系数值。由于垃圾的不均匀性、小颗粒的运动和大孔隙沟道流的形成和改变，实验初始阶段渗透系数值先增大至峰值，然后缓慢降低直至趋于稳定。实验稳定后，新鲜垃圾压实密度为0．75—0．95t／m^3时，渗透系数值约为1．26E-03～1．43E-03cm／s。陈垃圾在压实密度分别为1．2和1．4t／m^3时，渗透系数为8．29E-04和1．35E-04cm／s。     

Short-term wind speed forecasting based on random forest model combining ensemble empirical mode decomposition and improved harmony search algorithm

ABSTRACT

Wind speed forecasting plays an important role in power grid dispatching management. This article proposes a short-term wind speed forecasting method based on random forest model combining ensemble empirical modal decomposition and improved harmony search algorithm. First, the initial wind speed data set is decomposed into several ensemble empirical mode functions by EEMD, then feature extraction of each sub-modal IMF is performed using fast Fourier transform to solve the cycle of each sub-modal IMF. Next, combining the high-performance parameter optimization ability of the improved harmony search algorithm, two optimal parameters of random forest model, number of decision trees, and number of split features are determined. Finally, the random forest model is used to forecast the processing results of each submodal IMF. The proposed model is applied to the simulation analysis of historical wind data of Chaoyang District, Liaoning Province from April 27, 2015 to May 22, 2015. To illustrate the suitability and superiority of the EEMD-RF-IHS model, three types of models are used for comparison: single models including ANN, SVM, RF; EMD combination models including EMD-ANN, EMD-SVM, EMD-RF; EEMD combination models including EEMD-ANN, EEMD-SVM, EEMD-RF. The analysis results of evaluation indicators show that the proposed model can effectively forecast short-term wind data with high stability and precision, providing a reference for forecasting application in other industry fields.     

Enhanced biological nutrient removal by the alliance of a heterotrophic nitrifying strain with a nitrogen removing ecosystem

Nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater was investigated in an airlift bioreactor （ALB）, augmented with a novel heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudonocardia ammonioxydans H9^T under organic carbon to nitrogen ratios （Corg/N） ranging from 0 to 12. Effect of the inoculated strain was also determined on the settling properties and the removal of chemical oxygen demand （COD）. Two laboratory scale reactors were set up to achieve a stable nitrifying state under the same physicochemical conditions of hydraulic retention time （HRT）, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen （DO）, and operated under the sequencing batch mode. The level of DO was kept at 0.5- 1.5 mg/L by periodic stirring and aeration. Each specific Corg/N ratio was continued for duration of 3 weeks. One of the reactors （BR2） was inoculated with P ammonioxydans H9^T periodically at the start of each Corg/N ratio. Sludge volumetric index （SVI） improved with the increasing Corg/N ratio, but no significant difference was detected between the two reactors. BR2 showed higher levels of nitrogen removal with the increasing heterotrophic conditions, and the ammonia removal reached to the level of 82%-88%, up to10% higher than that in the control reactor （BR1） at Corg/N ratios higher than 6; however, the ammonia removal level in experimental reactor was up to 8% lower than that in control reactor at Corg/N ratios lower than 2. The COD removal efficiency progressively increased with the increasing Corg/N ratios in both of the reactors. The COD removal percentage up to peak values of 88%-94% in BR2, up to 11% higher than that in BR1 at Corg/N ratio higher than 4. The peak values of ammonia and COD removal almost coincided with the highest number （18%-27% to total bacterial number） of the exogenous bacterium in the BR2, detected as colony forming units （CFU）. Furthermore, the removal of ammonia and COD in BR2 was closely related to the number of the inoculated strain with a coefficient index （R2） up to 0.82 and 0.85 for ammonia and     

厦门市填海造地的遥感PCA识别及其驱动机制研究

基于遥感主成分分析(PCA),论文提出一种快速、准确及经济地识别填海造地时空分布的新方法。并以厦门市港湾地区为例,将1993与1996年,1996与1998年,1998与2001年,2001与2003年、2003与2006年共6期遥感影像融合后经PCA分析得出5个时间段内填海造地的空间分布信息,并结合相应阶段的城市发展战略进行分析。选取工业总产值、人口、港口货物吞吐量等统计数据作为填海造地行为的社会经济驱动因子进行回归分析,得出政策导向、工业的快速发展以及人口的增加等是厦门港湾地区填海造地的主要驱动因素。最后提出基于驱动机制和未来情景分析的港湾地区填海造地优化调控的政策建议。     

辽宁省生活垃圾处理现状及处理模式探讨

随着城市化进程加快,生活垃圾产生量逐年增加,生活垃圾处理问题已成为社会关注的焦点。在总结辽宁省生活垃圾处理现状的基础上,对辽宁生活垃圾处理模式的选择和发展进行了探讨。     

水环境容量租金分配新模式及理论基础研究

为解决中国水环境容量日益稀缺情况下使用权的合理分配问题,在分析了目前现有水环境容量分配模式普遍存在的严重弊端和缺陷,基于产权理论、价值理论和地租理论等,提出了水环境容量分配新模式-租金分配模式,并考虑到各种复杂的影响因素和中国的实际情况,提出了间接确定水环境容量使用租金的综合计算公式。     

我国北方典型地区居民呼吸暴露参数研究

呼吸暴露参数是准确估算人体对污染物的暴露剂量和健康风险评估的重要参数之一,而我国目前对于该项工作的调查研究较少.采用问卷调查的方式对我国北方典型地区——太原的2 860名受试者进行了时间-活动模式的研究,结合人体能量估算模型,计算出适合该地区居民的呼吸速率参数,并与国内外情况进行对比分析.结果表明:该地区居民室内日平均活动时间为16.1～18.4 h;不同性别、不同年龄组的城市和农村居民从事各种强度活动的时间有很大差异;同时得出,该市城市居民长期暴露的呼吸速率参数为10.72～14.53 m3/d,农村居民为15.61～22.59 m3/d.与我国相关文献数据和美国环境保护署(US EPA)的数据相比,如果直接引用US EPA的数据,将会给健康风险带来30%～50%的偏差.