Modeling Desertification Change in Minqin County,China

Monitoring environmental processes is becoming increasingly important wherever there is increasing population and economic development pressure placed on fragile environments. Remote sensing, digital image processing, and spatial analysis have proven to be useful technologies in both assessing and monitoring environmental change. In this study, they were used to assess desertification processes and change in Minqin County, China from 1988 to 1997. The results suggest that wind erosion was the dominant cause of desertification in more than half of the study area. Coupled with this were increases in salinization processes, affecting 33.62% of the land area in 1997. Overall, moderate desertification was found to be the dominant desertification grade (43.64% of total area), followed by extreme/severe desertification (26.15% of total area) in 1997. In addition, examination of landscape pattern changes indicated that desertification processes at the landscape level were becoming evident at increasing levels of fragmentation, complexity in shape, and isolation of patches. Major fluctuations in desertification type and grade were found at the fringes of oases, where an ongoing shift was taking place between cultivation, abandonment, and reclamation.     

Including spatial contiguity information in the analysis of multispecific patterns

In this paper we analyse an ordination method in which spatial contiguity information is included. The original method, proposed by Ver Hoef and Glenn-Lewin (1989), is extended, using graphs to describe spatial contiguity for several sampling schemes where locations are given. Extensions for two dimensional grids and for the case of discrete measures of abundance are analysed. Applications to simulated transect frequency data and real data collected on a regular grid are reported.     

系统决策与作物布局——徐州地区秋作物布局实例分析

作物布局是农业生产的一个重要环节,直接关系到农业生态系统资源输入(物质条件、科学技术、气候资源和生物资源等)的利用和转化效率的高低。因为系统输入的资源是非定常的,尤其是天气气候条件年际之间是不同的,本文在年型预测的基础上,确定在不同天气气候条件下的作物合理布局。     

MVC设计模式在水环境模拟中的应用

采用MVC软件设计模式能够有效的提高软件的可扩展性、可维护性和代码复用率。并在此思想基础上探讨了利用该方法实现可灵活配置的水质模型系统,为实现动态的水质预测过程提供了一种新途径。     

东莞华兴电器厂生活污水人工快速渗滤处理系统

以渗透性能良好的天然砂作为主要渗滤介质建立人工快速渗滤系统处理生活污水 ,在东莞华兴电器厂进行了为期 1a的中试工程试验研究。结果表明 ,在不 <1m d的水力负荷条件下 ,人工快速渗滤系统对生活污水具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力和较好的污染物去除效果 ,其对SS、CODCr 和BOD5的平均去除率分别为 94 14 %、91 99%和94 4 4 % ;处理出水中SS、CODCr、BOD5、NH3 N及LAS的平均浓度分别为 4 0 6、2 3 2 0、9 0、5 16和 0 2 6mg L。采取间歇性淹水 落干的运行方式 ,并结合反冲洗 ,提高了CRI系统的水力负荷 ,改善了污染物去除效果 ,增强了其实用性。     

重磁相关分析应用于区域构造解析

本文旨在介绍一种简单易行的重磁相关分析方法及其在解析地质构造问题时的作用,该方法在湖南华容地区的应用收到了较好的效果。     

关于深化环境科技体制改革的浅见

从跨世纪前夕的角度,论述了我国环境科技的主要任务及其改革重点,展望了环境科技机构在市场经济中新的发展模式,并分析了为推动环境科技发展的主要资金渠道的可能性。     

Growth pattern of reed in Caogang Lake,Huanghuaihai Plain,China

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＲｅｅｄ（Ｐｈｒａｇｍｉｔｅｓｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｓ）ｉｓａｋｉｎｄｏｆｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔａｑｕａｔｉｃｐｌａｎｔｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅ．Ｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｉｔｉｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｒａｗｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ，ｂｕｔａｌ...     

基于2015～2018年实时监测数据对关中平原城市群PM2.5时空变化规律的研究

为了解关中平原城市群PM_2.5时空变化规律，利用2015～2018年国家空气质量检测平台发布的PM_2.5实时监测数据，并用地统计学和探索性空间数据分析等方法，对关中平原城市群PM_2.5污染的时空变化规律进行分析。结果表明，关中平原城市群PM_2.5污染总体呈向好趋势，PM_2.5年均超标城市由11个减少到8个，年均浓度超标率显著下降。PM_2.5污染主要出现在冬季，春秋季过渡，夏季PM_2.5浓度季度均值、月均值都最低，PM_2.5日均值曲线与月均值曲线大致趋势一致，呈单峰"脉冲型"变化；PM_2.5污染在空间上具有明显的分异性和集聚性特征，表现出"临汾-咸阳"为轴的高污染区面积逐渐缩小，而以平凉、天水为中心的低污染区面积逐渐扩大的空间变化规律。     

Landscape pattern and its effect on ecosystem functions in Seoul Metropolitan area: urban ecology on distribution of the naturalized plant species

During land transformation process in the human history,naturalized plants were introduced to several land use patterns by the different ways of plant itself .Including some naturalized plants that had been contribute to land restoration,many naturalized plants have been invaded to original habitat or landscape for native plants.Once the plants were colonized,they extend their area and population size.Urban developed areas often give an impotant role of source habitat for naturalized plants and expanding their popuation size.In recent,this tituation is appearing as one of environmental problems about the urban landscape management controlling the naturalized plants that invaded in the developed area and conserving the native vegetation.This paper is focusing on relationships between distribution of habitat of naturalized plants and landscape patch in urban area in Seoul.Gengdong-Gu ,one of the administrative areas in Seoul was selected for this study.We examined the recent land use change using LANDSAT TM data and spreading of the representative naturalized plants(Robinia pseudoacacia and Eupatorium rugosum)by Seoul Biotope Mapping Project and field survey in 1999.As a result,these two species were often occurred in the same habitat and distributed in forest edge disturbed by man.Their distribution patterns were related to landscape indices (patch size and shape)in the forest edge.