Implementing an effective conduct of operations and operational discipline program

This paper introduces the concepts of conduct of operations (COO) and operational discipline (OD), the attributes of effective COO/OD systems, and the steps an organization might take to improve its COO/OD programs. In general, the COO program encompasses the management systems developed to encourage performance of all tasks in a consistent, appropriate manner. OD is the deliberate and structured execution of the COO management systems by personnel throughout the organization. By introducing a framework and tools for describing, evaluating, and improving COO/OD, this paper provides guidance that can be used by companies to improve process safety performance.     

热敏性能对洒水喷头控火效能影响的试验研究

为研究热敏性能对洒水喷头的动作性能、控火效能以及对建筑空间的保护性能的影响,在安装高度分别为3 m和8 m的情况下,采用快速响应喷头和特殊响应喷头进行4次足尺实体火试验。喷头公称动作温度均为68℃,响应时间指数(RTI)分别为35(m.s)1/2和65(m.s)1/2。试验结果表明,各种试验条件下,洒水喷头均能及时动作,且喷头动作后均能提供足够的消防保护,并有效将火势控制在限定区域内。采用快速响应喷头较特殊响应喷头约提前20%动作,且火场环境最高温度、顶板结构最高温度、热释放速率和货物烧损率均较特殊响应喷头低。安装高度越高,热敏性能对洒水喷头控火效能的影响越明显。     

企业开展多种健康体检的区别及优化措施探讨

对企业经常开展的普通健康体检、职业健康检查、从业人员健康体检、特种作业人员健康体检进行了比较,分析了各体检之间的区别和存在问题,提出了优化措施。     

我国化工园区特种设备风险隐患管理优化研究

以南京化工园区为例,通过对我国化工园区特种设备风险隐患管理的研究探讨,提出了我国化工园区特种设备风险隐患管理存在的各类问题。针对风险定量简单、缺乏参考价值的问题,引入了定性和定量两类风险隐患分析方法,使特种设备风险隐患的定量分析更具科学合理性;针对特种设备风险评价系统操作复杂、实用性差的问题,结合南京化工园区特种设备管理情况和设备的固有危险性原理合理定义了设备风险影响因子,并采用层次分析法和定量加权平均法完善了特种设备风险等级的科学划分;针对化工园区特种设备安全管理与设备风险管理脱节的问题,引入法律中特种设备分类监管理念,设计了具备5级水平的分类监管模型,科学优化了特种设备风险隐患的管理模式。提出的化工园区特种设备风险隐患管理优化方法有助于工程实际应用,使得风险定量更加精确可行,突出了特种设备的监督管理重点,有利于政府、企业的风险监管工作。     

特种个体防护用品(装备)安全标志管理的发展历程及重要作用

简要介绍了特种个体防护用品(装备)生产制造许可及安全标志管理的发展阶段,分析了特种个体防护用品(装备)安全标志管理的重要作用,最后指出在目前安全标志使用中仍有欠缺,需加强管理。     

城市环境卫生专项规划的研究

叙述城市环境卫生专项规划编制工作的开展，分析新的影响因素，提高适应市场经济新时期的编制指导思想。     

Computer-supported visualization of rescue operations

Effective emergency management and response require a thorough understanding of the processes involved in a rescue operation and their interaction. Appropriate methods and tools for computer visualization of rescue operations can greatly facilitate activities such as command and control, system analysis, training, evaluation, and transfer of lessons learned. To this end, we introduce a method for systematic analysis, modeling and visualization of a rescue scenario. Models of rescue scenarios, prepared in advance, serve as the basis for data collection during an operation. The data collected are visualized in a computer tool with several views that can be customized according to the needs of different users. We demonstrate the method by applying it to a rescue operation where a taskforce trains for emergency response to a chemical incident.     

COMPUTER-AIDED PLANNING FOR MULTIPLE-PURPOSE RESERVOIR OPERATING POLICIES1

ABSTRACT: Computer-aided planning (CAP) for multiple-purpose reservoir operations involves use of state-of-the-art simulation and optimization methods, color graphic displays, and interactive computing interfaces. These technologies were integrated into a coherent system that has user-friendly interfaces to help the process of communicating reservoir system operations, solicit planning participant preferences and valuation judgments, and provide understandable feedback of system performance. The CAP system was imbedded in a comprehensive public involvement program that paralleled the reservoir operating policy modeling process, as part of multipurpose reservoir operations planning on the Great Plains Reservoirs in Colorado. Experience with the approach indicates the involved publics can quickly learn of reservoir system limitations and opportunities, and can indeed participate in the operations planning process.     

Estuarine dredge and fill activities: A review of impacts

Dredge and fill activities in estuaries have many environmental effects, most, although not all, of them deleterious. These effects include reduced light penetration by increased turbidity; altered tidal exchange, mixing, and circulation; reduced nutrient outflow from marshes and swamps; increased saltwater intrusion; and creation of an environment highly susceptible to recurrent low dissolved oxygen levels. Coral, oysters, and barnacles are particularly vulnerable to the effects of siltation. Both estuarine flora and fauna may be harmed by contaminants released into the water column by dredging operations. Ways to mitigate the effects of dredge and fill operations include careful pre- and post-construction environmental studies; use of bridging to create roadbeds where coastal wetlands cannot be avoided; use of a turbidity diaper and other means to control turbidity; dredging during periods of low benthic populations or during tides that would carry coarser sediments away from productive areas such as oyster reefs; and thoughtful disposal of spoil, such as locating spoil sites on the uplands with proper diking.     

State-of-the-art sustainability analysis methodologies for efficient decision support in green production operations

Over the last three decades, new concepts, strategies, frameworks and systems have been developed to tackle the sustainable development issue. This paper reviews the challenges, perspectives and recent advances in support of sustainable production operations decision-making. The aim of this review is to provide a holistic understanding of advanced scientific analysis methodologies for the evaluation of sustainability, to provide efficient decision support. Over 100 publications have been analysed, and a characterisation of state-of-the-art sustainability analysis methodologies has been produced, which includes life cycle assessment and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), along with their applications to three key areas of production operations: sustainable design, sustainable manufacture and sustainable supply chain management. Distribution of existing work is discussed and future research directions are elicited from the literature. The paper finds three trends in supporting sustainable production operations decisions: (a) sustainability analysis has moved to whole life cycle assessment from single-stage assessment, (b) sustainability analysis has shifted away from single criterion to MCDA and (c) sustainability analysis has evolved from stand-alone approaches to integrated systematic methodologies. The paper concludes that integrated sustainability analysis can provide more efficient and effective support to complex decision-making in sustainable production operations.