化学发光法和DOAS测定NOx的对比研究

分析了化学发光法和差分吸收光谱法(DOAS)测定环境中氮氧化物的原理及相应分析仪器的系统结构,指出了化学发光法氮氧化物分析仪的技术瓶颈及差分吸收光谱法的难点和关键技术。并对两种方法的优缺点及发展趋势进行分析。实验表明,化学发光法与差分吸收光谱法测定的结果具有很好的相关性。     

预应力钢筋混凝土梁破坏过程的声发射特性实验研究

利用全波形声发射技术记录了预应力钢筋混凝土梁在3点弯曲荷载下整个破坏过程的声发射信号,并在研究了声发射累计能量随时间变化关系曲线的基础上,采用谱分析对声发射全波形数据进行了分析和处理。以全波形声发射信号的能量分布特性为依据,通过对时域和频域内信号的振幅、频率特征和构件破坏过程的比较,初步得出了预应力钢筋混凝土梁破坏过程的声发射信号的参数特性,发现全波形声发射信号能够实时反映预应力混凝土梁破坏过程中的特征信息。     

密度场干涉测量及其条纹处理计算

本文将普通纹影仪改造成激光差分干涉仪,并用于火焰等密度场的显示与测量。编制了条纹预处理和细化软件系统,并对干涉条纹进行了处理和细化计算。另外,针对细化后的条纹,编制了密度场的计算软件,并对蜡烛火焰和超声速轴对称绕流流场进行了计算,得到了密度场定量的结果。     

示差脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定中药川附子痕量铅镉

本文报道了以ＨＮＯ３－ＨＣｌＯ４湿法消化、醋酸盐介质法差脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定中药川附子中的铅镉。样品中铅镉含量分别在０．２－０．４μｇ．ｇ＾－１、０．０３－０．１６μｇ．ｇ＾－１,回收率９０－１１０％。     

SIMULATED RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE,THERMAL EMISSIONS,AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF A SOYBEAN CANOPY1

ABSTRACT: A canopy reflectance model is incorporated into a routine for simulating water and energy flows in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. The reflectance model is structured tocalculate canopy albedo throughout each simulation period and to determine spectral reflectances at a specified time during the day. Spectral vegetation indices are then calculated from the reflectances and related to the evapotranspiration and thermal response of the canopy. The canopy reflectance model is also used to establish the photo-sytheticaily active radiation load at various depths in the canopy. Stomatal resistances are calculated using these radiation values and integrated to give the minimum canopy resistance. Actual canopy resistance is obtained by adjusting minimum canopy resistance for environmental stresses such as leaf water potential and leaf temperature. Using data for a soybean canopy, canopy evapotranspiration and temperatures are simulated for a range of leaf area index values and compared with the corresponding spectral vegetation indices. The resuits indicate that the normalized difference spectral index has an inverse linear relationship with canopy temperature, concurring with results obtained from satellite observations. The possibility of using a spectral vegetation index and thermal observations together to parameterize surface moisture availability for evapotranspiration is considered.     

不均匀沉降对开元商厦的危害及其监测

开元商厦建设过程中由于基础不均匀沉降导致大面积裂缝。采用Ⅰ等水准测量及改进后的方法对其进行了一年半的跟踪监测。结果表明,基础不均匀沉降明显,荷载较大的主楼部分为主沉降因素。观测期间沉降速率在６～８ｍｍ／ａ。     

Incentive mechanisms to enforce sustainable forest exploitation

Using a two-player differential game approach, this paper deals with the issue of tropical deforestation. The assumption is that developing forestry countries (called the South) do not, or cannot, necessarily have the same utility for forest conservation than the developed countries (called the North). Given the global nature of the problem, we assume that it may be wise that the North offers financial support to the South to help in achieving a sustainable forest policy. We derive sustainable and short-run deforestation policies and provide a transfer mechanism which insures that the South will indeed implement the sustainable one.     

Long Period Benzene Measurements in Urban Atmosphere

Periodogram analysis has been used as an interpretative tool of long period measurements of benzene concentration in urban atmosphere. By removing the request of evenly sampled data, the periodogram allows to extend spectral analysis to this kind of data, which usually suffer the "missing data" problem due to instrument vacancies. In this way it is possible to identify the periodic behaviour of data concentration and then reproduce it by means of harmonic functions even for very incomplete experimental information allowing a good evaluation of some important statistical properties of data.